Chapter 473: Bureaucratic Empire
After he was full of wine and food, Heifu lay in the room with a warm kang and continued to read the Qidi documents and classics that he asked Zhang Cang to pick and transcribe. The whining of the north wind outside made him uneasy, so he simply put the book down and recalled the conversation with Wang Ben.
"Forty Qin officials, chief officials, and hundred stone officials, governing 400,000 Linzi people...... If you can manage this, then there will be ghosts! ”
The Qin Dynasty had nothing to do with the "feudal empire" mentioned in the textbooks, and the feudalism had been overthrown and deposed by the Legalists and thrown into the dustbin of history by the First Emperor.
It was a new bureaucratic empire, with two bureaucratic systems, central and local, to replace the feudal state. There is no longer Dr. Hou Wangqing guarding the Quartet, and what supports the operation of this empire is thousands of "Qin officials"!
The local officials of the Qin Dynasty were divided into big officials, chief officials, hundred stone officials, and young officials, which was probably the distinction between the department level, the department level, the section level and the small section members.
The big officials are the county guards, the left and right county lieutenants, the county officials, and the four to five people who supervise the imperial history, as well as the county magistrates of the big counties, this group of department-level deputy department-level cadres, with titles ranging from few to five doctors.
Under the great officials, the rank of 400 stone to 200 stone is for the chief officials. This group of department-level cadres includes county lieutenants and county officials at the department level, as well as deputy department levels such as Cao Peng, Sifu, and Changshi in the county, and the titles of dukes and officials and doctors.
There are more hundred stone officials, the history of the county's scholars, the history of the lieutenant, the history of the pawn, the main book, the priest's order, the county's Cao Peng, as well as the township squirrel, the wanderer, the knighthood official and the doctor, which are equivalent to section-level cadres, such as the organization director of the Xiao County Party Committee and President Cao in Pei County.
There are the rank of fighting food and Zuo Shi below the hundred stones, which are for the young officials, such as Liu Tingchang of Pei County, these people are the real grassroots civil servants of Daqin, and they are generally below the rank of no changer.
Over the past decade, Mr. Heifu has gone from a small civil servant to a provincial and departmental cadre, and is all too familiar with the administrative pyramid.
He chatted with Zhang Cang of the Imperial History Mansion for a while, and knew that he was not a young official, but the Qin Dynasty's big officials, chief officials, and hundred stone officials were added together, about 8,000 people.
Based on the current 40 counties, there are an average of 200 officials in one county.
According to the population, the population of the country is nearly 30 million, on average, 8 officials are in charge of 10,000 people, and there are dozens of local officials to assist, with the Shiwu continuous sitting system, the extremely meticulous Qin law can completely govern the local government, which is also the reason why the "imperial power is not lower than the county" in the Qin land in later generations.
"But this is limited to Guanzhong, Nanjun and other places that have ruled for many years and have adapted to the Qin law, Linzi is different......"
The Qin Dynasty paid attention to being officials in different places, and 100% of the officials and the chief officials in charge of justice and soldiers were transferred from other counties, and in Linzi City, their total number was only forty.
However, to govern a place, outsiders who are not familiar with the customs and customs are like deaf and blind people, and they must be assisted by natives, so other chiefs and hundred stone officials are mostly recruited from local scholars.
This is equivalent to an airborne Qin official, in charge of seven local officials in Linzi, through their tongues, hands and feet, in order to restrain the dozens of young officials below, and then push to tens of thousands of Qianshou.
It's not that Qin doesn't want to send more officials here, but one country and six countries, all the officials who can be used are dispatched, you Linzi needs officials, don't Yan Zhao Chuwei need it?
Moreover, from Linzi to Xianyang, more than 2,000 miles, with the traffic situation of this era, the fast is more than a month, and the slow is two months, and the means of communication limit the ruling radius, and Linzi is obviously outside this radius.
In addition to the proportion and distance of officials, there is also a big problem in Zhiqi, that is, language......
While thinking about it, there was a sound of pushing the door outside, followed by the sound of Gong Ao asking, it was Chen Ping who came back......
……
Chen Ping is still the same, every time he goes to a place, he first takes a turn in the market and then says, it is worthy of being a spy who once went out of the fortress and almost killed the strategist who died in the shadow, the mountains and rivers in a place are dangerous, the roads and cities, Chen Ping is recorded in the book. The reason why Heifu was able to ask him in Wang Ben, "What do you see when you enter Qi?" Thanks to this journey, Chen Ping recorded what he had seen and heard on paper and presented them to Heifu one by one.
When he came to Linzi today, Chen Ping got off the bus at Jimen, to visit the Jixia School Palace, which he had longed for, and then walked through half of the city.
Chen Ping changed out of his snowy fur coat and went into the room to meet Heifu: "The county guard, the subordinate is back." ”
Heifu personally gave him warm wine, and asked with a smile: "Chen Sheng, what did you gain from going to Jixia today?" ”
Chen Ping rubbed his frozen hands, put them on the stove, and sighed: "There is nothing to gain, the school palace that was extremely prosperous a hundred years ago, Mr. Jixia has already run out, and all the books included have been moved back to Xianyang." ”
And General Wang Ben's subordinates used the school palace as a military camp, and the peach forest where Zou Yan, Tian Piao, Shen Dao, and Xun Qing lectured in the past has now been cut down by the garrison and burned as firewood. In the pan pond in front of Hengmen, a group of military men were washing clothes and swimming. Once upon a time, the sound of debate and reading resounded in Linzi, but now only the shouts of the soldiers are left......"
Although Chen Ping's family is poor, he is good at studying, and he is also a student, his dream when he was a young student was to go to Jixia to worship a famous teacher Huang, but now he has finally come here, but it has become such a situation.
Heifu was silent, and the decline of this ancient university was not unrelated to Qin's policies. However, despite the decline of Jixia, most of the gentlemen went to Xianyang to do doctorates, hoping to have a place in the new government and continue to enter politics as academics. Although they were still qualified to read and transcribe the books that Qin had plundered from the Six Kingdoms, they were only ornaments and could not be reused.
Of course, it is impossible to restore Jixia, Heifu is a Jiaodong guard, and his hand can't reach here, and this approach is undoubtedly a declaration of war on the emperor's policy of unifying public opinion, he can only start from the shadows and try to avoid the "book burning" incident.
The mouth of the people is worse than the Sichuan, the ashes of the pit are not cold, and the Shandong is in turmoil, Liu Xiang is not a scholar......
"Paper has been in circulation for several years, and officials have begun to use this material to copy laws, write songs, and write books, but there is not enough use by the people, should I add a fire, so that the world is everywhere?"
At this time, Chen Ping knew that he was speechless, so he quickly stopped the topic and talked about what he had seen and heard in Linzi City.
"I saw the prosperity of Linzi, but it's a pity that when I want to ask about things, whether I use Guanzhong Yayan, Luoyang Yayan, or Liang local dialect, I talk to Linzi people like chickens and ducks, and I can't understand what the other party is saying!"
Over the years, Heifu has met many people, and has heard a variety of dialects, which are about 14 dialects in the world, namely: Qin, Western Qin, Jin,
Liang and Zhao Wei from the north of the river, Zheng Han Zhou, Song Wei and the east of Wei, Qilu, Yan Dynasty, Yan Dynasty in the north of the North Korea, Huaisi (Qingxu), Western Chu, Southern Chu, Eastern Chu (Wu Yue).
This is a large classification, and each prescription can be subdivided, there are as many as thirty-four. The difference between the Qin dialect and the Qilu dialect is much greater than that of the Shaanxi dialect and Shandong dialect in later generations.
So Heifu told Chen Ping, he listened to the story told by Zhang Cang in Linzi: "There is a doctor of Chu who wants his son to learn Qi language, so he invited a master of Qi to teach his son. But there are many Chu people around the son of the Chu people who disturb him all day long, talking with him in Chu language, and the Qi language he just learned was forgotten within a few days, and a year passed like this, even if the doctor of Chu used a whip to whip his son, he still couldn't learn Qi language. In the end, the doctor brought his son to the country of Qi and let him live in this Zhuangyue, and the son of the Chu people had to learn Qi in order to talk to others, and within a month, he learned it. ”
This story is called "One Fu Zhongxiu", which also shows that the Western Chu dialect of Heifu and his family is not incomprehensible with the Qilu dialect.
Chen Ping said: "Don't say it's Linzi and Xianyang, Daliang, and Anlu, I heard that Linzi and Jiaodong, although they belong to the same place, they can't communicate with each other." ”
Because the Jiaodong County dialect is mixed with a large number of ancient Dongyi and Huaiyi words, it belongs to the Qingxu dialect of "between the East Qi and Haidai", and the Qilu dialect is not the same tone.
This is also the reason why it is impossible to govern Qi by purely foreign Qin officials, the two sides do not understand the language, and they still rule a ghost.
This kind of rule is obviously unreliable, there are sayings in later generations, the order is from the top to the bottom, a government decree in Xianyang, at the level of Linzi County or can be strictly enforced, but when it comes to the township and Lu, it will be greatly discounted, and it will be popularized to the head of the individual, as if there is nothing.
And from the bottom up, the Qi people have their own culture, history, dialect, academic freedom of the university, and the trade related to the city. Two generations of Yong lords ruled Qi for 50 years with Huang Lao thought, so that Qi people Ding prosperous, no disturbance of war, everyone ate sea fish every day, drummed and played sheng, bowed six bo, basked in the sun, and traveled well.
Suddenly, one day, their kingdom died, and the king was carried to a foreign land to starve to death, and he was controlled by a group of airborne, unfamiliar language Qin officials of Kansai.
Qin Law is strict, this can't be done, that can't be done, and the rangers can't quarrel and fight. In the past, the merchants with good status were once reduced to the bottom of the society, and the two major industries of salt and iron were also confiscated by the government, and they could not wear silk and satin, and they had to pay heavy taxes for every business. Ordinary Qianshou is also not having a good time, he has to deal with several times heavier conscription than when he was in the Qi State, and it is strange that he does not have resentment.
If Heifu had been born a Qi man, it is estimated that he would have gone to sea to become a sea bandit, occupy the islands, and be ready to counterattack the mainland at any time, defeat Qin imperialism, and fight to restore the freedom of the Qi people......
It's a pity that the butt of the chief of the hall is now sitting on Qin's side.
Thinking of this, Heifu couldn't help but be terrified: "Qin Zaiqi's rule is really like a tree without roots, water without a source, floating on the surface. Qi Zhi Linzi has 300 Lu, but the officials do not know their people, and the people do not believe their officials. It is no wonder that in history, once there was an incident, the heroic and powerful raised their arms in the city, and tens of millions of people responded, killing dozens of Qin officials as simple as slaughtering pigs and dogs, and overnight, the whole city was opposed. Qin's rule in the Kanto region also collapsed......"
"When I was a county lieutenant in Anlu, I was surrounded by township party members who spoke the same language, so it was very easy to train troops or govern. went to Beidi to be a county lieutenant, which was Guanxi, close to Xianyang, although there were Rong people, but there were also a large number of military landlords who were loyal to Qin. The good family of the North Land has been adopted by me as knights, so there is no obstacle to doing things. ”
But this time when he went to Jiaodong to take up his post, he arrived in Linzi, and Heifu already realized that what was waiting for him would be a completely different situation from the past!
Just as Ye Teng warned him.
"Beware! Back then, I became a big fish trapped in the shallows of the sea out of familiar waters! ”
……
That night, Heifu and Chen Ping talked for a long time about how to govern Jiaodong County.
The next day, when he was about to bid farewell to Wang Ben, he entered his mansion and found that there was something wrong with the atmosphere, the officials and maidservants all bowed their heads and did not dare to speak, and those guests of the Wang family had red eyes, and they had obviously just cried.
Heifu chuckled in his heart, knowing that something was wrong, and entered the hall of hospitality, but saw Wang Ben, who was still meticulously dressed yesterday, but with his hair scattered and his eyes sad, sitting on the table with a letter in his hand.
"General Wang......"
Heifu called Wang Ben, Wang Ben raised his head at this time, and knew that he was here to say goodbye, so he sighed and arched his hand: "Wei Jun is slow, Wang Ben will not send you...... I just received news from Xianyang, my father, passed away! ”