On October 25, 1612, the 40th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Dolgon was born in the city of Hetuala, the left guard of Jianzhou, and his name means "dog badger" in Manchu. [1] The biological mother's name was Abahai, the clan of Ulanara, the daughter of Ulabellemantai, thirty-one years younger than Nurhachi, who married Nurhachi as early as the twelfth year of the 29th year of Wanli (1601) when she turned twelve in November. In the first year of the Mandate of Heaven (the forty-fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, 1616), Nurhachi established Houjin, the year name was the Mandate of Heaven, and two years later he sued the sky with the "Seven Great Hatreds", launched an attack on the Ming Dynasty, and opened the prelude to the Ming and Qing wars. In the successive victories of the war against the Ming Dynasty, contradictions and struggles within the Later Jin Dynasty also continued to occur. In September of the fifth year of the Mandate of Heaven (1620), Nurhachi announced the deposition of the crown prince of the Great Bel Daishan, and "appointed Amin, Mang Gurtai, Huang Taiji, Derge, Yue Xu, Zilharang, Azig, Duoduo, and Dolgon as Heshuo Ezhen" to discuss state affairs[2]. In other words, from this time on, Dolgon became an eight-year-old boy among the ranks of Heshuo Ezhen who participated in state politics.

His mother, Abahai, was ordained the Great Fortune after the death of Fucha Gundai,[3] so it is not surprising that Dolgon and his brothers Azig and Duoduo rose in status because of Nurhachi's love for the House and U. [4] In addition, Dai Shan gradually lost his father's favor and abused his son Shuo by listening to his wife's slander, which brought opposition to him from those who coveted his status, resulting in the deposition of the aforementioned "prince" status. In this way, under the system of Nurhachi's co-governance, the Dorgon brothers became one of the pinnacles of the balance of power for the first time.

Dolgon was not the banner lord Baylor at this time, but only received fifteen oxen each with his brother Dord, after all, he was still an underage child, and his political status was inferior to Azig, or even to Dordor . During many of the major events of the Manifest Destiny, Dorgon was nowhere to be seen. In the congratulatory ceremony on the first day of the first month of the first month of the Mandate of Heaven (the 44th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, 1616), Azig and Duoduo were ranked sixth and seventh respectively among the dignitaries of the clan who could personally bow to Nurhachi, while Dorgon was not allowed to participate. Despite this, in addition to the four great Baylors and Nai's brothers, Dolgon was the master who had the most bulls, surpassing Derge, Zilharang, Abatai and others, and at that time, he was also a very powerful Taiji. [4]

Meritorious Service at the beginning of the establishment

Dolgon

Dolgon

In the eleventh year of the Mandate of Heaven (the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty, 1626), Nurhachi died of illness, and Abahai was forced to be martyred. [5-6] Dorgon was only 15 years old when his parents died. In the second year of Tiancong (the first year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1628), in the year after his mother's death, Dolgon marched with his brother Huang Taiji to the Chahar Department of Mongolia. Dolgon had a great deal of military exploits and broke the enemy in Ao Mulen. Huang Taiji gave him the nickname "Murgen Dai Qing" (meaning wise commander). [7-8] In this year, Dorgon was sixteen years old. In the third year of Tiancong (the second year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1629), Dolgon followed Huang Taiji to break through from Longjing Pass to the border fortress of the Ming Dynasty, and captured Hanerzhuang with Beile Mang Gurtai and others, approaching Tongzhou and approaching Beijing. And defeated the reinforcements of Yuan Chonghuan and Zu Dashou outside the Guangqu Gate, and annihilated the reinforcements of the Shanhaiguan of the Ming Dynasty in Jizhou. [9] In the fourth year of Tiancong (the third year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1630), the army that attacked Beijing returned to the dynasty, and Dolgon and Mang Gurtai took the lead and broke the Ming army. [10]

In the fifth year of Tiancong (the fourth year of Ming Chongzhen, 1631), Huang Taiji initially set up six departments and ordered Dolgon to take charge of the ministry. [11] In the battle of the Daling River, Dolgon personally charged and reached the city of Dalinghe, where the artillery was fierce, and the Houjin army suffered many casualties. [12] Zu Dashou agreed to surrender Jinzhou, and on the night of October 29, Dolgon, Belle Abatai and others led 4,000 soldiers and horses, and Zu Dashou's old army of 350 people, pretending to be defeated, intending to attack Jinzhou, Jinzhou Ming army to meet the battle, Dolgon defeated Jinzhou's Ming army. [13]

In May of the sixth year of Tiancong (the fifth year of Ming Chongzhen, 1632), Dolgon conquest of Har. In the seventh year of Tiancong (the sixth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1633), Huang Taiji discussed with Zhu Beile and the ministers about the plan to further rejuvenate the country. Dorgon insisted on taking clarity first. Starting from the strategic purpose of shaking the foundation of Ming rule and then seizing the national power, he suggested that Huang Taiji reorganize his troops and horses every year, go deep into the Ming realm when the grain is ripe, besiege Yanjing to intercept his reinforcements, destroy his forts, and consume his national strength. [14] Dolgon's suggestion was adopted by Huang Taiji. Because the area outside the Shanhaiguan Pass was still heavily guarded by the Ming Dynasty, the Eight Banners army detoured through the Mongolian region, crossed the Great Wall, and went deep into the Ming Realm many times, ravaging the land and people, and dealing a heavy blow to the Ming Dynasty.

When the Later Jin conquered and appeased the Mongol tribes, only the Chahar tribe, under the leadership of Lin Dan Khan, refused to surrender and always adopted an attitude of confrontation and maneuvering with the Later Jin. In February of the ninth year of Tiancong (the eighth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1635), Huang Taiji ordered Dolgon and others to lead 10,000 elite soldiers to the Hetao area of the Yellow River to appease the Chahar tribes. The march went smoothly, and Lin Dan Khan's wife Nang Fujin, Sutai Fujin, and Lin Dan Khan's son Ezhe were recruited successively. Lin Dan Khan once obtained the jade seal of the Yuan Dynasty, with the words "Treasure of the Imperial System" on it, and Dolgon presented the jade seal to Huang Taiji. Therefore, the ministers asked Huang Taiji to be called the emperor. [15]

Sealed governance

In the tenth year of Tiancong (the ninth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1636), when the New Year's celebration ceremony was held on the first day of the first month, Dolgon led Zhubeile to salute the Emperor Taiji, which was a world of difference compared with the situation twelve years ago. In April of that year, Huang Taiji was proclaimed emperor, changed his name to the Qing Dynasty, and was awarded the title of Prince Heshuorui, who was the third of the six kings, and was only twenty-four years old at the time. Since then, it has been more reused. [16] Azig and others led an army to attack the Ming, and Taizong ordered Dolgon and Duoduo to attack Shanhaiguan together to contain the strength of the Ming army. In December, Huang Taiji personally conquered Korea, known as the Battle of Bingzi, and Dolgon accompanied him. In the first month of the second year of Chongde (the tenth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, 1637), Huang Taiji ordered Dolgon to attack Ganghwa Island, capture the family of the king of Joseon, and limit "his army to no killing". On the fifth day of the fourth month, Dolgon reported that he was escorting the Korean hostage, Chohyun Shizi Lee?? The couple and the Fenglin Monarch Li Hao and his wife, together with 182 entourage officials, subordinates and family members, arrived in Shengjing. [17] [18]

Chongde three years (Ming Chongzhen eleventh year, 1638), Huang Taiji crusaded against Khalkha, Dolgon was responsible for staying behind, Dolgon built Liaoyang Dolbi City, after the construction was completed, named Ping City; Then the road from Shengjing to Liaohe was built. [19] On August 23, Emperor Taiji ordered Dolgon, Prince of Rui, to be the "general under order" to march south to the Ming Dynasty.