In the winter of the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Emperor Zhu of Chongzhen was elected as a cabinet minister by the edict. Wen Tiren's prestige was too shallow to participate, and Zhou Yanru, a squire who was very respected by Emperor Zhu You, was not elected. Wen Tiren speculated that Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen would definitely be suspicious, so Shangshu impeached Qian Qianyi for accepting bribes and forming a party, and was not eligible to be elected, before Qian Qianyi presided over the Zhejiang examination in the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), using the joint language as a mark, admitting Qian Qianqiu, and then being denounced, Qian Qianyi was also punished. This matter has been finalized for a long time, but Wen Tiren brought up the old matter again, which made Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen very moved.

The next day, Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen ordered the officials of the six departments of the cabinet to gather in the Wenhua Palace, and ordered Wen Tiren and Qian Qianyi to be at the scene. Qian Qianyi didn't expect Wen Tiren to impeach him, and he was very aggrieved in his words. But Wen Tiren was angry and slandered Qian Qianyi, he said: "I am not an official who cannot be impeached at will, and when I encounter a push, I should avoid suspicion and not speak."

However, the election of cabinet ministers involves the safety of the community. Moreover, Qian Qianyi formed a party for personal gain and accepted bribes, and none of the Manchu ministers dared to speak. I can't bear to see the emperor isolated, so I have to say. Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen had long suspected that there were courtiers forming a party, and when he heard Wen Tiren say this, he agreed very much.

But the ruling cabinet ministers all said that Qian Qianyi was not guilty, and Zhang Yunru was especially active in defending Qian Qianyi in the matter: "Wen Tiren is actually keen on power, if Qian Qianyi is at fault, why did he wait until today to expose it?" Wen Tiren said: "I was just a petty official at the beginning, and today's exposure of Qian Qianyi is also for the court to use people prudently." People like Zhang Yunru must be Qian Qianyi's fellow party. ”

Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen was furious, and after ordering the Ministry of Rites to take Qian Qianqiu's scroll and look at it, he reproached Qian Qianyi and said with emotion: "If it weren't for Wen Tiren, I would almost have made a mistake." Zhang Yunru was arrested and imprisoned, and the ministers were also severely reprimanded. During the argument, no one helped Wen Tiren, only Zhou Yanru said: "Tingtui is very fair in name, but in fact, there are only one or two people who preside, and no one else dares to speak." Once you speak, you will get yourself into trouble in vain. And Qian Qianqiu's case has already been decided, so there is no need to ask the ministers again. ”

So Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen dismissed Qian Qianyi on the same day. Many officials have been implicated.

Jin uses the first assistant

In the spring of the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Wen Tiren was impeached for marrying prostitutes, accepting bribes, and taking people's property. Wen Tiren asked for his resignation, saying: "Because of Qian Qianyi, there are many people who attack me, but no one defends me, and my isolation can be seen." Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen once again convened the ministers to confront him, Wen Tiren, Jiuhua and Zanhua debated for a long time, and finally attacked these two people as Qian Qianyi's private party. Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen believed that it was true, and he summoned the scholar Han Yi and others to the inner hall, saying that the ministers did not know how to work for the country, but only knew that they should be punished heavily. Wen Tiren once again threatened Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen with his resignation, and Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen expressed his condolences.

The official who knew about it went to the court and said that Qian Qianyi had surrendered himself and could not be punished again. Wen Tiren also said that the original testimony was made by Qian Qianyi himself. At that time, the officials of Cao Yubian, the imperial historian of the left capital, who tried Qian Qianqiu's case, were deeply dissatisfied with this. They jointly signed a statement: "The ministers and others personally tried Qian Qianqiu's case, and the number of people who observed and heard it reached thousands, and it is not a single person who can cover up and distort it at will. Wen Tiren is deceiving Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen, and he has achieved his goal of being promoted. Wen Tiren saw that the momentum was not good, and turned to say that these people were "friends", and finally Qian Qianyi was reprimanded. Wen Tiren later insisted on confrontation with the ministers because of personal grievances, and refused to stop no matter what. Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen thought that he was isolated in the imperial court and supported him even more. Soon, Zhou Yanru entered the cabinet, and in June of the following year, Wen Tiren also realized his wish to enter the cabinet with the secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a scholar of the East Pavilion.

After Wen Tiren entered the cabinet, he became even more arrogant. After Min Hongxue became the secretary of the ministry on behalf of Wang Yongguang, he excluded dissidents and was protected by Wen Tiren. Yushi Shi Fan, Gao Jie and the waiter Tang Shiji, and the deputy capital Yushi Zhang Jie were all accepted as Wen Tiren's henchmen. Wen Tiren was jealous of Zhou Yanru's official position above him, so he premeditated to bring him down. Qian Longxi was implicated in Yuan Chonghuan's case and was sentenced to death, Qian Longxi pleaded, Zhou Yanru said that Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen was angry and difficult to rescue, and Wen Tiren lied that Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen was not very angry. Qian Longxi's friends thus alienated Zhou Yanru. After Zhou Yanru was deposed, the courtiers hated Wen Tiren as the first assistant of the cabinet, and wanted to recall He Ruzhong, who had entered the cabinet with Zhou Yanru. He Rupet said: "The gentleman and the villain don't stand side by side, if I don't go to the court, Wen Tiren will still take care of me to govern well." Soon, Wen Tiren successfully became the first assistant of the cabinet. [2-4]

Friends are in trouble

Wen Tiren was favored by Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen, and he was even more jealous and arrogant. The people he wants to recommend must be secretly proposed by people first, and then he will support them. When you want to frame anyone, you have to deliberately pretend to be lenient first, and then say that you will make Emperor Chongzhen angry if you commit something that Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen is afraid of. Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen was often diverted by him and never noticed. Yao Ximeng was originally a lecturer, because he wanted to be promoted to Zhan Shi. Wen Tiren hated him, so he used his pretending to be a martial artist to take him from his post and take charge of the Southern Courtyard. Luo Yuyi, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites, was originally very prestigious, because in the article to Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen, he said that "left and right have not won people", Wen Tiren thought that he was satirizing himself, so he had to let him get rid of it, but Luo Yuyi insisted.

Wen Tiren personally impeached him: "Today, Luo Yuyi's introduction of the regulations is too simple, and he does not agree to let him change it, so that I, the head of the cabinet, cannot be the leader of a hundred officials." Emperor Chongzhen Zhu ordered the officials to discuss, and Shangshu Min Hongxue and others took the opportunity to say: "Emperor Shengming, there is no need for Luo Yuyi to say more. Luo Yuyi was dismissed. Wei Zhongxian's widowed party hoped day and night that Wen Tiren would overturn the reverse case and attack the Donglin party. It just so happened that the Ministry of Rites was still in the book, and the imperial history of the left capital was vacant, and Wen Tiren secretly asked the squire Zhang Jie to recommend Lu Chunru, who was involved in the reverse case, to test the reaction of Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen. The official was in an uproar, and Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen was also very unhappy. Since then, Wen Tiren has not dared to speak out against the party, and he has become even more resentful of the opposition.

Wen Zhenmeng entered the cabinet because he spoke well about "Spring and Autumn". Wen Tiren couldn't stop it, so he sent spies to guard him every day to spy on his mistakes, and sent people to impeach him until Wen Zhenmeng was driven away. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the peasants revolted in various places, and the imperial court prepared to set up the governors of the five provinces.