It's about 谯 (qiáo) week.

Qian Zhou, by persuading the Lord to "surrender" to make a fortune.

According to the description of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Liu Bei hit Liu Zhang's city and persuaded Liu Zhang to surrender, it was Qian Zhou; Deng Ai, the general of Wei, entered the Chengdu Plain, and after Liu Chan got the news, it was this person who persuaded Liu Chan to surrender.

When the king asked the enemy what he was thinking, he would give the city to the enemy.

You say, what's the use of having him?

It stands to reason that Chen Shou, a scholar, should be extremely scolding of such a person in "Three Kingdoms", but he didn't say a word of bad things about Qian Zhou, but was full of some flattering words, saying anything, the reason why Qian Zhou persuaded the Lord to surrender was so that the common people would not suffer from war.

He didn't know that Qian Zhou was Chen Shou's teacher!

It turns out that he is his teacher! Or is his teacher a capitulation faction, and people will say that he is not a good bird?

…… ……

Qian Zhou (201-270), whose name is Yunnan, was a native of Xichong State (now Huaishu Town, Xichong, Sichuan), Brazil, and a scholar and official of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period.

Qian Zhou was born in the fifth year of Emperor Liu Xiejian'an of the Han Dynasty in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (201 AD) in a famous scholarly family. He lost his father at an early age, and was nurtured by his father, and was diligent and studious since he was a child, reading the scriptures and books, and knowing astronomy.

Zhuge Liang was the prime minister of Shu Han and appointed Qian Zhou as a persuasion to engage in learning.

Zhuge Liang died of illness in Wuzhangyuan, Qian Zhou was at home at the time, heard the news, and immediately went to the funeral, sometimes the queen edict forbade the minister to go to the funeral, but because of the rapid action of Qian Zhou, he was able to arrive.

As a result, people at the time said that he admired Zhuge Liang wholeheartedly and went to the funeral desperately. On the one hand, Zhuge Liang has the grace of knowing him; On the other hand, he admired Zhuge Liang's character and thoughts very much.

- No, if he really admired Zhuge Liang so much, he should know what to do if Zhuge Liang faced the enemy soldiers coming to the city? At best, it's an "empty city plan", why won't it surrender?

It seems that his admiration for Zhuge Liang is not sincere, but just for show. Let everyone think: Knowing that the king would stop the funeral, regardless of being beheaded for disobedience, he still ran to the funeral, you see, Qian Zhou is really to Zhuge Liang!

Zhou Daru is also a sour Confucian, and it is inevitable to make some small names.

…… ……

In the year of Zhuge Liang's death, Jiang Wan led the history of Yizhou Assassination, and was engaged in classics and was the first scholar in Yizhou.

In the first year of Yanxi (238 AD), the later lord Liu Chanli Liu Xuan (xuá

) for the crown prince. Qian Zhou was transferred to the prince's mansion as a servant, and he was later transferred to a family order. When Liu Chan often went out to play, indulged in the sound and lust, and gave Liu Chan to Liu Chan, citing ancient meanings, and advising Liu Chan to respect the legacy of the first emperor Liu Bei, and reduce the addition of the music palace and harem. As a result, Qian Zhou was transferred to the post of Zhongsan Doctor, and still served the crown prince.

In the twentieth year of Yanxi (257 AD), Qian Zhou saw that Shu Han often used troops against Wei, and the people withered as a result, so he had a heated debate with Shangshu Ling Chen Yi. After retiring from the dynasty, Qian Zhou wrote "On Hatred of the Country".

Later, Zhou was promoted to Guanglu Doctor, ranking in the ninth column. Although he did not participate in the government affairs, he still used Confucianism to see the courtesy, and later scholars liked to ask Zhou Zhou if they had questions, and Zhou Zhou could also quote scriptures to answer.

In the winter of the sixth year of Jingyao (263 AD), Deng Ai conquered Jiangyou. And because Liu Chan listened to Huang Hao's words and thought that the enemy soldiers would not come, he did not make arrangements for city defense. and Deng Ai entered Yinping, and the people were disturbed and fled into the mountains, which could not be stopped. Deng Ai went straight into Chengdu and approached Chengdu.

Liu Chan convened an imperial council to ask the ministers for their opinions, and the ministers were divided into two factions, both of which advocated escaping, but one faction believed that they should flee to Wu, and the other faction believed that they should go to Nanzhong. The two factions were arguing, and Liu Chan did not advocate it, so Doctor Lu stood up at this time.

Qian Zhou pointed out in public that it was not possible to go to Wu State, and the reason was very simple, "Since ancient times, there has been no one who sends other countries as the Son of Heaven ("Three Kingdoms • The Biography of Zhou Zhou")".

It means that since there is an emperor, where has anyone gone to another country to become an emperor?

Qian Zhou thinks that an emperor who runs to someone else's country can only be called a minister, so since he wants to be a minister, and according to the law of political struggle, it has always been a big country annexing a small country, so Wu will eventually be annexed by Wei, and when that day comes, will we follow Wu to surrender for the second time?

As for the other choice of Nanzhong, Qian Zhou said that Nanzhong can go, because Nanzhong is still the territory of Shu, but His Majesty has to prepare early, and it is too late to go at this time, "the heart of the group has no intention of protecting", which means that the young generals, small officials, and small officials under him no longer support you.

The final conclusion was simple, it was to surrender Cao Wei.

After Qian Zhou's surrender theory was published, the imperial court was quiet, and only a few people timidly asked, "Deng Ai has arrived in Guanghan, will he accept our surrender?" ”

Qian Zhou said that Eastern Wu had not yet perished, and Cao Wei would definitely accept our surrender. Not only accept our surrender, but also treat us politely, and give our Majesty a piece of land and a knighthood, you can rest assured.

In this way, Liu Chan surrendered to Cao Wei.

…… ……

It can be said that the death of Shu Han was said by Zhou Zhou, and the surrender of Liu Chan was said by Zhou Zhou.

Chen Shou, a proud protégé of Zhou Zhou, once commented, "Liu's family is safe, a state is a blessing, and Zhou Zhimou is also." ”

This sentence is positively saying that Liu Chan's family is safe and sound, and the people of Shu Han are free from the scourge of war, which is all Qian Zhou's foresight.

However, many historians in later generations scolded Qian Zhou as a traitor, thinking that the Shu Han Dynasty was ruined by Qian Zhou's incorruptible tongue, and they were very indignant.

Not only in later generations, but also many people condemned Zhou at that time, reaching the level of "passers-by all pointing to him", and all of a sudden, he suffered a stroke and lay down.

After the fall of Shu Han, some Shu Han ministers were recruited to serve in Luoyang, and Qian Zhou was also among them. Sima Zhao believed that Zhou had the merit of preserving the country, and named Zhou as the Marquis of Yangcheng Pavilion. He also sent a letter to summon Zhou to Luoyang to take up his post, and Zhou traveled to Hanzhong, but he was stagnant because of illness.

After Sima Yan called the emperor, he repeatedly issued edicts urging Qian Zhou to go to the Jin State to take office, Qian Zhou went to Luoyang with illness, and in the third year of Taishi (267 AD), Qian Zhou was seriously ill and bedridden, and was worshiped as a cavalry captain, and Qian Zhou thought that he was useless and asked to return to the fiefdom, but Sima Yan did not allow it.

In the fifth year of Taishi (269 AD), Chen Shou served as the Zhongzheng of this county (Brazil County), resigned and returned to his hometown to say goodbye to Qian Zhou, who told him, "Confucius is seventy-two, Liu Xiang and Yangxiong died at seventy-one, I am over seventy years old, and I will not die soon, I am afraid I will not see it again in the future." ”

Chen Shou suspected that Qian Zhou knew his lifespan by magic, so the pretense of Confucius and others was just an excuse.

…… ……

So, what was the real reason for Qian Zhou's persuasion of Liu Chan to surrender?

Actually, Chen Shou also knew that he just didn't say it.

He didn't say it, some people said that according to a local chronicle, Qian Zhou had six concubines, and it was a lover-style relationship - separated from several towns around Chengdu, once Wei Shu went to war, the concubines would inevitably suffer.

Deng Ai's army pressed the border, and the first thing he probably thought of was, what should he do with these concubines? Run, it's too late; Gathered temporarily, and was afraid that the East Window incident would happen, it would be known by the eldest wife and spread out, ruining the reputation of his life. So, above the court, he gave the bad idea of surrendering to Liu Chan, the lord of Shu.