Chapter 70: Chu's True Thoughts on Qin
Zhao Dan knew that this Chu State was also a person with wolf ambitions, and from a distance, it was a peak on the side of the ridge, and the distance and height were different. I don't know the true face of Lushan, only because I am in this mountain. This is a poet of the Tang Dynasty, but Zhao Dan also saw it clearly in his heart. The state of Chu hated the state of Qin, but it hated it to the core? Now that the strength of the Chu State is setting, it is just inseparable from his means of winning the trick in it?
Back then, King Yingji of Qin used means to bring King Chu Huai to Xianyang, but naturally he couldn't go back? This has to talk about Xiong Heng's father, King Chu Huai, when talking about King Chu Huai, the more popular impression in everyone's mind is usually like this, King Chu Huai was first deceived by Zhang Yi of Qin State, and then he let King Qin Zhao deceive Qin State, and was imprisoned in Qin State until death. In the face of such a King Chu Huai, I am afraid that everyone will think that he is really stupid and unreasonable.
But in fact, the real history is not like this. First of all, under the influence of various literary works, many people may think that King Chu Huai was deceived twice in a very short period of time, but in fact, there was a gap of nearly thirteen years. In other words, a full thirteen years have passed since King Chu Huai was deceived by Zhang Yi to when he was deceived by King Qin Zhao to the Qin State.
According to historical records, King Chu Huai was deceived by Zhang Yi in 312 BC, when Zhang Yi of Qin deceived King Chu Huai to cut off the friendship of Qi in exchange for Qin ceding 600 li of Shang land, but after King Chu Huai agreed to break off diplomatic relations with Qi, Qin only ceded 6 li of land to Chu. As a result, King Chu Huai became angry and sent troops to attack Qin, but was defeated by Wei Zhang in Danyang. Later, King Chu Huai gathered the troops of the whole country again, launched an attack, and was defeated in Lantian again.
Judging from this account, King Chu Huai was stupid and was deceived by Zhang Yi's rhetoric, the problem is that the reason why we look at this matter this way is because we know the later results. If we don't know the results later, who dares to say that King Chu Huai's choice must be wrong.
Because, in the context of that time, the severance of diplomatic relations between countries was simply a piece of waste paper, and as soon as everyone broke off diplomatic relations on the front foot, the back foot may immediately get back together, and there are too many such examples.
In other words, the severance of diplomatic relations between King Huai of Chu and the State of Qi did not have any substantial impact on the State of Chu. Because, King Chu Huai can break off diplomatic relations with Qi today, but tomorrow he can immediately send an envoy to form an alliance with Qi again, and Qi will naturally not refuse to achieve results with Chu based on his own interests. In fact, after King Huai of Chu was deceived by the state of Qin, the two countries of Qi and Chu quickly re-formed an alliance.
Therefore, based on the interests of King Chu Huai, if he agrees to break off diplomatic relations with the State of Qi, he can let the State of Qin cede 600 li of land to himself, so why not? Because, this is not bad for King Chu Huai, after he gets these territories of the Qin State, he can also reach an alliance with the Qi State at any time, anyway, the initiative is in his own hands.
Moreover, based on the consideration of King Chu Huai, at that time, the Qin State had just conquered the Bashu region and had very limited control over it, and the Bashu region was next to the Chu State, so the Qin State also needed to temporarily show favor to the King of Chu Huai in order to prevent the Chu State from taking the opportunity to attack the Bashu region. In this context, it is also normal for Qin and Chu to form an alliance and cede a part of the Bashu land close to Chu to Chu.
It was precisely because of these two considerations that King Chu Huai agreed to Zhang Yi's request, but in the end, King Chu Huai was deceived and only got a mere six miles of land. Of course, if things only develop to this point, there will be no substantial damage to the Chu State, because although he has broken off diplomatic relations with the Qi State, if he wants to, he can form an alliance with the Qi State again. In other words, not only did the state of Chu have no losses, but it also gained six miles of land from the state of Qin.
The problem is that such a result makes King Chu Huai's face really unbearable, and King Chu Huai also feels that he can take the opportunity to seize the land of Bashu, so he decided to send troops against Qin and seize Qin's territory by force. But what he didn't expect was that the State of Chu was defeated by the State of Qin, which made King Huai of Chu plant a big heel.
However, this big heel is really nothing to King Chu Huai, because seven years later, King Chu Huai destroyed the Yue Kingdom in one fell swoop and incorporated the Wuyue region into the territory of the Chu State, and the Chu State also reached unprecedented strength. In a sense, if King Chu Huai died at this time, I believe everyone would have to admit that King Chu Huai was a very great monarch. Because, a Chu State that has not included the Wuyue region into its own territory, is it still a Chu State?
In the face of the rise of the Chu State, the Qin State had no choice but to return the Shangyong that was snatched from the Chu State back then to the Chu State, of course, on the condition that the Chu State would not attack the Qin State together with the Qi State. In this regard, King Chu Huai was naturally willing to accept it.
So far, the state of Chu should have reached the state of subversion of the state of Chu under the leadership of King Huai of Chu. Because, in the east, he incorporated the land of Wuyue into the territory, and in the west, he regained the lost territory from the hands of Qin without bloodshed.
Unfortunately, the strength of the state of Chu aroused the fear of other countries in the east, so the three kingdoms of Qi, Wei, and Han united to attack the state of Chu under the pretext of Chu's treachery. In this context, King Chu Huai naturally could only ask Qin for help, so King Chu Huai sent the crown prince to Qin as a hostage, and Qin also quickly sent troops, while Qi, Wei, and Han saw that Qin sent troops, so they had to temporarily withdraw their troops.
So far, it is difficult for us to say that King Chu Huai has any stupidity at all. It was only a year later that the crown prince who had been sent to Qin as a hostage secretly fled back to Chu. So the Qin State attacked the Chu State on this ground, and Qi, Wei, and Han saw that the Qin State broke with the Chu State, so they also hurriedly ran to take advantage of the fire to rob the Chu State.
Faced with the siege of the allied forces of Qin, Qi, Wei, and Han, Chu naturally couldn't resist, so King Chu Huai had no choice but to ask Qi for peace, expressing his willingness to send the crown prince to Qi as a hostage, hoping that Qi could help him. At this time, the State of Qi saw that the State of Chu was about to be disabled, but the State of Qin had been greatly expanded because of this, so if the State of Chu was really disabled, it would only benefit the State of Qin, so the State of Qi agreed to form an alliance with the State of Chu.
The problem is that at this time, the Qin State took the initiative to jump out and say that it wanted to re-ally with the Chu State, saying that it would return the eight cities that the Qin State had captured the Chu State to the Chu State, and invited the King of Chu Huai to meet at Wuguan. In this context, King Chu Huai naturally wanted to talk to the Qin State.
Of course, the result of King Chu Huai going was that he was detained by the State of Qin, the problem is that if King Chu Huai does not go, when future generations talk about this history, I am afraid that King Chu Huai will feel that King Chu Huai is timid and afraid of things, in short, the State of Qin took the initiative to negotiate peace, but King Chu Huai was timid and did not dare to go, and even stupidly ran to form an alliance with the State of Qi, and in the end both countries of Qi and Chu were destroyed by the State of Qin, which is really stupid. All in all, if King Chu Huai had been willing to negotiate peace with Qin, he might have been able to do the same.
King Chu Huai's personality is very timid, so the result is still the same, of course, the reason why Chu is like this is not because of King Chu Huai, but because his heart of Qin is too big, and the people of Chu hate the people of Qin very much, even he is the same as Xiong Heng, his father went to Qin and never came back, and his son went to Qin and did not come back for the time being? These things were things that he never expected, and the current Chu State had encountered too many difficulties, too many. Therefore, Xiong Heng's hatred for the Qin State in his heart has never stopped.