As for the reason that after the Zhengde Dynasty, there was still a naval ban on the West and Japan.

Westerners are unpredictable and unpredictable.

At that time, Japan was in the Warring States period, and the situation was chaotic, and pirates and maritime merchants were often confused.

Therefore, when it arrived in the Longqing Dynasty, the Moon Port was completely banned.

However, from the perspective of maritime trade in the Ming Dynasty, Southeast Asia and South Asia were the bulk of maritime trade income.

At that time, it did not matter whether the West and Japan were banned or not.

Officials of the Ministry of Rites affirmed this practice, holding that the "ocean-wide merchants and wind boats" were neither recruited by the rescue book, nor were they contained in the old regulations, were not tributary ships, and did not fall within the purview of the city shipping department, and should be under the supervision of the town patrol and the three officials.

In ancient maritime trade, the merchants involved could be divided into three types: small merchants, medium merchants, and giant merchants with official backgrounds.

If the sea trade is controlled by Wei Bao, Wei Bao will become a new category, and the giant merchants above the giant merchants will get monopoly capital out of the feudal system in advance.

Because no one has ever reached such a level of power before that he can monopolize all the maritime trade of an economy as large as China.

In the context of the ancient Chinese agrarian society, which favored agriculture and suppressed business, the newly created giant merchants also often sought official backgrounds, and some of them were rejected and dealt a devastating blow.

For example, Wang Zhi, Xu Hai, Ma Ye, Chen Dong and others in the Jiajing Dynasty, some were allowed because they made certain contributions to the imperial court or other reasons, such as Zheng Zhilong.

However, it is very difficult to obtain the highest official permission, and the vast majority of the big businessmen seek to collude with the local bureaucracy for mutual benefit.

For example, Hai Rui's adopted grandson Hai Shuzu, his father Hai Zhongshi became Hainan's maritime trade giant with the protection of Liang Yunlong, a high-ranking official who successively served as a senior official in Guizhou Township Test, Deputy Envoy of the Ministry of War, Governor of Huguang, and Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of War, and his family.

It is said that Haishuzu once killed 38 smugglers on his big ship at sea, seized their goods and goods, and then lied that the wind broke the boat, but fortunately with Optimus Prime, he was rescued.

Whether Hai Shuzu is smuggling or not is actually quite controversial, and Hai Shuzu's going to sea is well known at the time, and it may be a normal sea trip after getting official permission and paying taxes.

And the location where Haishuzu went to sea seems to be Qiongzhou.

If this is the case, then the location where merchants and people were allowed to legally go to sea in the late Ming Dynasty may not be a place in Zhangzhou Yuegang.

The maritime ban policy of the Ming Dynasty has always left enough room for small merchants who could not afford to buy boats to go to sea.

Even in the Yongle Dynasty, where the sea ban was strictest, small merchants could choose to participate in the official trade.

In the Zhengde Dynasty, foreign countries were opened to private trade with the Ming Dynasty, and small merchants could trade with foreign ships when they were trading with them.

This form of trade was easy to manage, and it was the source of the vast majority of trade revenues in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties before foreigners used steamers to crack down on smuggling for the Qing Dynasty.

However, it seems that the life of the middle merchant in the Ming Dynasty was not as good as in the Qing Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty restricted merchants from going to sea, and later Longqing opened the sea, but it was only the port of Kaiyue, and 88 ships were issued every year, which was later increased to 110.

Of course, 110 pilots are actually quite a few.

"The Seventeenth Year of Qianlong (1752) March 1 Ligon Recital" wrote: A pass in the Guangdong Sea, inland rivers and open seas, many ports, merchant ships, and miscellaneous goods...... Customs tariffs depend on the entry and exit of foreign ships, and the number varies over the years.

Probably every year, there are about 20 to 30 mainland merchant ships entering and leaving the sea, and about 10 to more than 20 foreign ships.

This shows that the ships that the Guangzhou Customs paid taxes to the Qing court every year at that time were only between 20 and 30 ships in the 17th year of Qianlong.

For a country as big as China, such a small amount of trade by ship can be said to be equivalent to no sea trade.

Twenty or thirty ships can carry as much as they can carry, and it is not enough to trade with a county town.

The impact is very small.

Kangxi once said that the Suzhou shipyard ships more than 1,000 ships to the sea every year, and the returnees are only five or six out of ten, and on the 26th, he ordered the ships to go to sea not to bring rations, and to intercept the ships of the South Seas in Haitan.

Chongqing: Overseas countries such as the West, thousands of years later, China may be affected. This is my contrary words.

Even if there is no restriction, there are very few businessmen who are willing to pay taxes, and most of them choose smuggling.

This is also the reason why the mercantile Song and Yuan dynasties still couldn't collect much commercial tax.

In the early days of the Southern Song Dynasty, counting the stalls and other people who came to the door, the total amount received was only 1 million taels, which is said to account for 20% of the annual income of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Even considering that the silver was more valuable in my Song Dynasty, it was enough to stumble.

As for why Song often has strange data such as tens of millions and hundreds of millions of yuan in annual income, it is due to inflation under the paper money standard.

It is said that Da Yuan also once earned billions of dollars.

And after Hurd took care of the Qing Dynasty Customs and caught smuggling by steamer, he was able to collect 20 million taels a year.

However, compared with the Qing Dynasty, there are no restrictions on merchants going to sea except for the number of years.

The reason for the restriction was that the Qing Dynasty was very afraid of the Han people establishing their power in Nanyang, and they hated it, and they hated it when they saw the expansion of the Han people's power.

Daming's 110 ship guide still seems to be a little less, and there was not even 110 ship guide before.

Contacted Jiajing Dynasty Zhu Kun to crack down on smuggling, but was attacked by the Zhejiang and Fujian gentry in the center of the attack, and was forced to commit suicide.

It can be found that the gentry of Fujian and Zhejiang do not seem to be willing to open the sea.

Under the premise of the ban on the sea, smugglers with bureaucratic support were not at risk of being cracked down by the imperial court.

Unless you run into a stunned young man like Zhu Kun, and a smuggler with no official background has this risk.

Although small, the Ming Dynasty maritime ban was very lenient most of the time, and such a situation was not good for the middle-class merchants who lacked background.

Once the sea is opened, the middle businessmen will be able to compete relatively fairly with the giant businessmen who collude with the government and businessmen.

Fujian and Zhejiang regions are known for their affluence, and in the Song and Yuan dynasties, their rich people evaded taxes and served for a long time, colluding with bureaucrats, and making the treasury empty.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang once attacked the rich people in Fujian and Zhejiang, but the symptoms were not cured, and the gentry power in his place soon rose again, affecting the court.

Therefore, the slowness of the process of opening the sea in the Ming Dynasty and the limited nature of the opening of the sea in Longqing are inseparable from the manipulation of these rich people in Fujian and Zhejiang.

The Qing Dynasty did not give Fujian and Zhejiang a lot of face to enrich the people, does it prove that the Qing Dynasty can better crack down on the powerful and protect the interests of the common people.

Not really.

The land annexation of the Qing Dynasty can rank first in all dynasties.

And the Jin merchants also lived a prosperous life in the Qing Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, about 50% of the total number of civilian-born Jinshi were born, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was reduced to more than 30%.

The three generations of their fathers and ancestors who had made meritorious contributions or more rose from 50% in the Ming Dynasty to 60% in the Qing Dynasty.

It can be seen that the opportunities for upward mobility of civilians are gradually decreasing.

In the Qing Dynasty, especially in the late Qing Dynasty, the donation system of the Great Bank, the combination of wealth and wealth, and the influence of the power became stronger; As a result, the opportunities for upward mobility of civilians have been greatly reduced.

It can be seen that the influence of the Fujian and Zhejiang gentry in the Qing Dynasty declined, and Emperor Qianlong would rather give face to the Guangdong gentry and change the four ports of trade to one trade, which has nothing to do with the fight against the powerful or anything.

Because Fujian and Zhejiang are the richest areas that the Qing army passed through in the south, and the Qing army basically had no military pay when the founding of the country, the military discipline was extremely poor, and an extremely cruel massacre was carried out in the Fujian and Zhejiang regions.

These activities caused hatred among the people towards the Qing court.

Therefore, it is reasonable that the Qing court did not trust the gentry in Fujian and Zhejiang.

Does the fact that the Guangdong gentry gained the trust of the Qing court prove that the Cantonese people were not as backbone as the Fujian and Zhejiang gentry in the late Ming Dynasty and had little resistance?

Otherwise, the people of Guangdong were fierce, and they were particularly backbone in the late Ming Dynasty, and Li Dingguo and the Qing court had many tug-of-war in Guangdong.

So in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the destruction was even more amazing, such as Shang Kexi slaughtered Guangzhou, it is said that 800,000 people were slaughtered at one time.

But because of this, the Cantonese gentry suffered an almost devastating blow in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

The new gentry class, many of which were remnants of the Shang clique, was propped up by the Shang Kexi clique and the Qing court.

This is undoubtedly the reason why the Thirteen Banks of Guangzhou can gain the trust of the Qing court.

It is worth mentioning that the Ming Dynasty restricted merchants from going to sea, which harmed the interests of middle-class merchants.

The existence of the Thirteen Banks in Guangdong proves that in the Qing Dynasty, the giant businessmen who colluded with officials and businessmen were no longer satisfied with competing for profits with middle-class businessmen.

They even extended their hands to the trade with foreign merchant ships on land, and formed a monopoly by seeking agency government operations, so that the livelihood of small merchants who could not afford to go to sea was also dealt a fatal blow.

This situation became even more obvious after Qianlong changed the four-port trade to one-port trade.

The prosperity of Canton's trade was achieved at the expense of trade in the coastal ports.

Products from all over China cannot be shipped to the nearest convenient port, but must travel long distances to Guangzhou, increasing the transportation cost of goods.

From the perspective of the overall situation, it is obviously detrimental to China's economic development.

Wang Zhi, Xu Hai and others in the Ming Dynasty were maritime merchants with pursuits, and it is really ridiculous to refer to Cai Lian, Zhang Baozai and others in the Qing Dynasty as extremely vicious pirates.

Why are there many pirates from the bottom in the Qing Dynasty, because after Qianlong changed the four-port trade to one trade, the low-level merchants were unable to transfer goods from all over the country to Guangzhou Port to trade with foreigners, so they had no way to make a living and had to go to sea to become pirates.

Qianlong's one-stop trade policy only restricted European and American merchant ships to China in the Guangdong Customs, and the merchant ships of other Southeast Asian countries to the other three customs, and the three customs customs have never been abolished, and it seems that there are merchant ships from Southeast Asia and other places trading in the three customs, and the livelihood of the low-level merchants will not be affected.

However, in the Qing Dynasty, the whole world entered the colonial era, and the share of Nanyang trade was gradually controlled by European colonizers.

In terms of the protection of the lower merchants, the Ming Dynasty was much better than the Qing Dynasty.

"I don't like to read books, I like to listen to people, what? Since it is a joint name of Shoufu, Wei Aiqing, and Huang Aiqing, none of the three of you can say clearly? Zhu Youxiao asked.

Gu Bingqian knew that he couldn't hide, frowned, and said stubbornly: "Then it's better for Weichen to read it to His Majesty, right?" My book is quite simple, and I understand it as soon as I hear it. ”

"Okay." Zhu Youxiao waved his hand, "Then read it by Shoufu." ”

Wei Bao nodded secretly, since Gu Bingqian admitted that he wrote it, it was equivalent to completely passing the matter.

Wei Zhongxian frowned secretly, Wei Zhongxian didn't know that Wei Bao had gone to Gu Bingqian, Huang Liji, Wei Guangwei and others, and he didn't expect that these three people would stand with Wei Bao.

In fact, the situation of several forces is very delicate.

Gu Bingqian, Wei Guangwei and Huang Liji all thought that Wei Bao and Wei Zhongxian were together, so they agreed with Wei Bao's strategy and should not offend Wei Zhongxian.

And Gu Bingqian, Wei Guangwei and Huang Liji also think that they are also with Wei Zhongxian, they are all hardcore Wei Gonggong's people, since Wei Bao is also his own person, and his own people approve of his own people, there is no problem.

And Wei Zhongxian never completely regarded these ministers as his own people, but only as tools.

As for Wei Bao, in Wei Zhongxian's eyes, he has always been one of the objects that need to be guarded against.

The reason why Wei Bao was able to obtain Wei Zhongxian's support was mainly because Wei Bao could make money, and Wei Bao could also help him suppress the Donglin Party.

Although Wei Bao did not attack the eunuch party in the process of suppressing the Donglin Party.

But Wei Zhongxian is a person who has been in the palace for a long time, and in fact, he doesn't feel deeply about the eunuch minister being hit.

Because of the money that Wei Bao helped him get this year, everyone under him added up to three or five years, and he didn't necessarily get as much as Wei Bao.

Wei Bao did not shake the core group of the eunuch party, and brought in a lot of silver, Wei Zhongxian naturally liked it, and naturally he didn't care that Wei Bao moved many people in the eunuch party.

But today, several cabinet ministers and ministers who are still eunuchs stood in line to support Wei Bao, and several people also took the initiative to help Wei Bao write a recital, without Wei Bao coming out.

Wei Zhongxian felt that things were not simple, and for the first time he had the idea of abolishing Wei Bao, because if Wei Bao even had the ability to gather with the cabinet ministers, Wei Bao would have the ability to compete with him.

In addition, Wei Zhongxian knew that the emperor had always liked Wei Bao very much, and sometimes he wanted to suppress Wei Bao in front of the emperor and say some bad things about Wei Bao, but as soon as the signs appeared, the emperor reprimanded Wei Zhongxian, and Wei Zhongxian didn't dare to say bad things about Wei Bao in front of the emperor, so he could only follow the emperor's words and praise Wei Bao every time.

Being able to win over the ministers and gain the emperor's trust was terrifying for Wei Zhongxian, which meant that Wei Bao could even replace his position.

From the perspective of Emperor Zhu Youxiao of the Apocalypse, he really sees it this way.

In fact, Zhu Youxiao did not have the concept of eunuchs in his heart.

From the emperor's point of view, there are only people who can help themselves do things, people who do things honestly, and people who don't do things, all of whom are fools.

Obviously, Wei Zhongxian is just a person who does things, and it is impossible for the emperor to see himself as being with Wei Zhongxian, a eunuch, unworthy!

Although the emperor didn't know what Wei Bao threw out at the wine table yesterday.

But after listening to Gu Bingqian's recital, Zhu Youxiao, the Emperor of the Apocalypse, understood everything.

Even if this recital was not written by Wei Bao himself, at least it was instructed by Wei Bao.

Zhu Youxiao didn't expect Wei Bao to be so powerful, so that Wei Zhongxian could support him so much?

Zhu Youxiao is actually clear about Wei Zhongxian's every move, and all of Wei Zhongxian's actions will not threaten the safety of the imperial power, so Zhu Youxiao will rest assured that Wei Zhongxian will control the government and let Wei Zhongxian do things.

Wei Zhongxian was at best a dog raised by the emperor.

If you really want to say who is very emperor, it is a heart.

Kebaba is more of the same heart as the emperor than Wei Zhongxian.

Regardless of whether there is an indescribable relationship, the place where Kebaba's body should have been touched has been touched by the emperor.

She is the emperor's wet nurse, and the emperor has long been an adult, and she still keeps the wet nurse by her side, which is an exaggeration.

Therefore, Kebaba's feelings for the emperor, even if it was her husband who was outside the palace before, or her own son, could not necessarily catch up, let alone Wei Zhongxian?

Ke Baba's eyes and ears are not as many as Wei Zhongxian's, but Ke Baba also has his own source channels, and Ke Baba naturally already knows that Wei Bao threw out this remark at the wine table when he feasted the ministers last night.

But I didn't expect that Wei Bao's actions were so fast, and yesterday the ministers were still against Wei Bao, and today they all changed to support Wei Bao?

So, Kebaba looked at Wei Zhongxian suspiciously, thinking that Wei Bao and Wei Zhongxian had made some agreement in private, but Wei Zhongxian didn't let himself know.

Wei Zhongxian understood Ke Baba's inquiring eyes, originally in front of the emperor, Wei Zhongxian was not good at eye-to-eye with Ke Baba, but the stakes were very high, so he couldn't help but shake his head slightly, saying that he had nothing to do with Wei Bao.

Emperor Zhu Youxiao of the Apocalypse only glanced at it, and saw the subtle expression exchange between Kebaba and Wei Zhongxian.

Zhu Youxiao is a young man in his twenties, he is not rich in experience, and his talent is not high, so he can only be said to be slightly more powerful than ordinary people.

He didn't read much and had a very shallow education, but that didn't prevent him from knowing a little bit about everything.

Zhu You has his own judgment ability on things inside and outside the palace.

Moreover, Zhu Youxiao has a very strong say in these familiar people around him, firmly controls the people around him, and can keenly observe what these people think.

Among them, Wei Zhongxian and Ke Baba are the first to bear the brunt, and the emperor knows both of them very well, especially Ke Baba.

Zhu Youxiao didn't know about this matter when he saw Keba, he knew that it was very possible, even Wei Zhongxian didn't know in advance, and couldn't help but admire Wei Bao's talent a little, how could a person who was only fifteen years old be able to win over a few cabinet ministers to support him so quickly?

What's more, Gu Bingqian, Wei Guangwei and Huang Liji are still Wei Zhongxian's people.

Zhu Youxiao even thought for a moment that if Wei Zhongxian was not useful, it seemed that it would be okay to let Wei Bao replace Wei Zhongxian to help him take care of the government.

But Zhu Youxiao changed his mind and immediately dispelled such thoughts, Zhu Youxiao was not stupid, he knew that Wei Bao was a foreign minister, and it was not as easy to control Wei Zhongxian as Wei Zhongxian, who had been in the palace for a long time, once a person like Wei Bao had strength and a different heart, it would be very troublesome.

And Wei Bao is so capable.