Huang Taiji glanced at Nurhachi, who was in a comatose state, and then said, "Okay, I'll let people talk back and agree to Conggulun coming back!" ”

"This Conggulen is too, what is it to run blind!? And run to Wei Bao, this little barbarian! Now running back again, is it fun? Amin said dissatisfiedly: "I really doubt that Cong Gulun leaked the news that our army was going to attack Ningyuan City to Wei Bao!" ”

"What nonsense are you talking about? When Cong Gulun left, how did we know that we were going to fight Liaodong in winter? If the Ming army does not withdraw from Jinzhou, how can we fight Ningyuan City? Huang Taiji was dissatisfied: "What does this have to do with Cong Gulun?" What does she, a little girl of thirteen, know? Besides, I said a long time ago not to use troops against Liaodong easily! At present, the treasure army is strong, we should hold the existing territory, strengthen internal affairs, develop land, encourage production, and wait for the opportunity to move! ”

"What do you mean? Do you mean that Father Khan made a mistake in his decision? Mang Gurtai glared at Huang Taiji.

Huang Taiji naturally felt that it was Nurhachi's command error, and he should not attack Liaodong at such a time, but he didn't dare to be caught by Mang Gurtai, and hurriedly said: "When did I say that Father Khan's decision was wrong?" It's not that you've been instigating Father Khan to use soldiers! ”

"Say it again!" Mang Gurtai was furious and pushed Huang Taiji at once.

Dai Shan hurriedly separated Amin and Mang Gurtai, who were about to trouble Huang Taiji, and many supporters of the two people, separating them from Huang Taiji.

Of course, Huang Taiji also has a lot of supporters, and in the past few days, the two sides have been secretly competing for the decision-making power after Nurhachi's death.

"Don't make any noise, when is it, isn't it messy enough?" Huang Taiji has the tone of an heir and a posture of taking the overall situation into account, but unfortunately, it is difficult to convince the public.

In the original history, Nurhachi wanted to make it clear that Huang Taiji was the heir, so that Huang Taiji could sit on the throne, but now Nurhachi is temporarily fainting, life and death are uncertain, and there is no time to deal with these aftermaths.

Mang Gurtai snorted: "Don't give orders here, it's not your turn to give orders, and it's also Brother Shan's voice to speak." ”

"Let Tsuanggulun come in first, we'll talk about the rest later!" Dai Shandao.

Huang Taiji held back the fire and said to his subordinates: "Go and give orders!" Let Tsunggulen into the city! ”

The soldiers of Jiannu sent a message from the city, and the two soldiers of the Baojun army who came to deliver the message returned to the camp, saying that they had already agreed with Jiannu that Cong Gulun Gege could go back.

Cong Gulen Gege returned to Uiju City.

When Cong Gulen Gege was about to leave the camp of the treasure army, he looked back at several soldiers of the treasure army standing guard, one by one standing straight, with the saber and short gun pinned to his waist, very energetic, and sighed slightly.

I feel that the Eight Banners can no longer defeat the treasure army, whether it is the infantry army or the cavalry, it is not as good as the treasure army!

In the past, the Eight Banners relied on the numerical superiority of the cavalry, and they still had a little advantage against the infantry of the Bao Army, but now they have no advantage at all.

Cong Gulen Gege still thinks that the discipline of the treasure army is too terrible, and he doesn't know how the treasure army is trained.

Perhaps the best example of modern cavalry tactical discipline is the British light cavalry charge in the Crimean War.

In the absence of clarity or miscommunication of tactical orders, the British light cavalry launched a near-suicidal charge against the artillery positions of the Russians without hesitation, and finally suffered nearly half of the casualties.

It was a failed charge, but it was a show of courage and discipline, and despite heavy casualties, it did not flinch.

The sun never sets, the empire is not something to be idle.

Military training and discipline in modern times are the most decisive factors in modern warfare, and not only in cavalry.

The Qing Dynasty lost in several foreign wars, and many people said that firearms were inferior to people and that they had no chance to fight with broadswords.

In fact, in fact, the Qing Dynasty did not suffer a big loss when firing firearms, at least it would not retreat, but every time the British Expeditionary Force launched a white-knuckle charge, the Qing army was crushed for thousands of miles, and there was a ridiculous example of coastal batteries being continuously overcome.

Even in other colonial wars, because the colonial army's equipment was inferior and arms smuggling was rampant, the British colonists often suffered a loss in firepower, and it was the power of the white-knuckle charge that saved the scene.

Even on the battlefields of Iraq in the 21st century, British infantry has launched successful white-knuckle charges.

Training is the heart of the military.

Automatic rifles may seem formidable, but due to the short aiming baseline, bursts are the effect of recoil, and if you have not received formal training, it is basically equivalent to setting off firecrackers

Why is the modern cavalry invincible in the world even if it does not have firearms?

Modern cavalry not only has guns, but also does not shy away from using them.

The cavalry of the treasure army is like this, although the revolver in the waist is rarely used, but in close combat, it is also a winning weapon with one enemy and several enemies.

Spearmen and musketeers working together against cavalry did not begin in the Thirty Years' War or the era of line tactics.

At least during the Italian War, there was such cooperation, but it became more sophisticated in the future.

Although the pike-firing phalanx caused great trouble for the cavalry, it did not end their important position on the battlefield.

An army of infantry alone is almost certain to be destroyed.

Later in the Thirty Years' War, the ratio of cavalry to an army increased rather than decreased, and sometimes the ratio of cavalry to infantry could reach 1:1, as in the Battle of Wittok.

This phenomenon may have occurred due to the need for rapid mobility, or it may have become more threatening as the proportion of musketeers in the infantry increased and the proportion of spearmen decreased.

It can be seen that in the hearts of commanders, even in the era of hot weapons, cavalry is still very important.

The two-row horizontal column is not purely a product of discipline, there is a counter-example: in the battle of 1813, Napoleon ordered the French army to change the three-row horizontal column into two factions, his army had previously experienced a large number of veteran attrition, and the discipline compared to the British army I am not sure, compared with the French army last year.

But Napoleon did it anyway.

The cavalry in a horizontal column was not an invention of Prussia or Friedrich II, and the cavalry charge continued after the battle of Olstadt.

During the Thirty Years' War, different types of cavalry used different types of firearms, different classification systems in different countries, and there was no modern industry to produce firearms in a standard manner.

And the irregular cavalry involved in the war from the Balkans, Eastern Europe and Central Europe carried a wide variety of weapons.

The cuirassiers at that time were armed with flint pistols with a range of about 25 meters.

Theoretically, the cavalry needed to turn 90 degrees to the left and fire at the enemy with their right hand to avoid startling the horses, but in practice the cavalry would shoot directly from their horses for various reasons, allowing the gunpowder to explode next to the horses' ears.

The arquebuses were also armed with cavalry arquebuses with a longer range, and since they were generally lighter than the former, they would line up behind the cuirassiers, sometimes shooting and regrouping behind the cuirassiers.

Overall, the cavalry did use the tactics of roundabout shooting.

Sometimes cavalry units would come forward en masse, taking turns firing in rows and then turning.

Sometimes cavalry units would stand slightly farther away, and a single platoon would come forward to shoot and then return to the group.

There are also roundabout shots carried out in column units.

Compared with direct impact, the disadvantage of this tactic is that the blow to the enemy's morale is not obvious, and the cavalry exposed to the superior fire of the infantry may also suffer losses, and the cavalry may be attacked by the enemy cavalry and collapse in the process of rotation.

However, it does deal effective damage to enemy troops, and if the enemy is shaken, the cavalry will use cold weapons to charge.

Cavalry in the Napoleonic Wars also used firearms.

Some armies, such as the Austrian army, would spread out a portion of their cavalry and place it in front of the main force for cover, although the cavalry stragglers were arranged differently in different armies.

One of the things that the French cavalry was often criticized for was that they liked to fire a volley at the enemy in a defensive battle and then be routed.

If this tactic is a chicken rib, why did the French army use it so often for many years.

The combat effectiveness of the cavalry archery tactics of the nomadic tribes is often overestimated.

First of all, the nomadic tribes were generally poorly equipped with horse archers, there was a serious shortage of iron tools, armor, swords and guns were worse than those of the sedentary peoples, and only the production level of bows and arrows was higher.

Secondly, nomadic tribes often have poor discipline and do not belong to each other, and the leaders of various tribes are attached to the banner of a certain khan, and there is oil and water to catch everyone on it, and they have a hard bone and lose the battle.

This is the case with the Jiannu Iron Cavalry, they can only play with the wind, and they have not been challenged in the real sense before they encounter the treasure army.

So a series of failures in the past two years finally broke out in the first battle of Ningyuan City, which made Jiannu lose completely from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside.

But Cong Gulen Gege did not despair, and felt that there was still room for redemption.

If the Eight Banners are victorious, they will be aggressive, and if they are defeated, they will be ruined.

Fighting against disciplined regular cavalry is basically a failure.

Their own people often fight with each other for a herd of cattle and sheep or booty or a pasture, and internal strife is frequent, and it is easy to be bought by the enemy.

The essence of nomadic tribal tactics lies in mobility and suddenness.

Wantonly killing and plundering the enemy's weakly defended rear and destroying the enemy's logistical supply, constantly harassing the enemy's flanks, and launching a surprise attack when the enemy is slacking off and not paying attention.

Mounted archery is generally a light horse to shoot arrows about twenty or thirty meters in front of the enemy's formation, and the lethality of archery is limited further away.

Theoretically, it is feasible to wear Yang in 100 steps, but those who can do it are one out of a hundred, and after shooting a few arrows, people will be tired.

In the war between Rome and Parthia, the Romans did not see this tactic at first, and Crassus was defeated and annihilated.

Once the Romans became familiar with cavalry tactics, they quickly figured out how to restrain themselves and formed light infantry, using bows and arrows and javelins, to maintain formation under the cover of the legion's heavy infantry.

This was extremely important, and it was not advantageous for the cavalry and light infantry to shoot against the Parthians, unless the cavalry archers took up their swords and guns and charged, but the Romans would also throw thistles all over the ground to slow down the charge of the Parthian cavalry.

This technique was used by the Europeans until modern times, and when the Parthians had exhausted their offensive, they launched a deadly charge against their command center with the cooperation of disciplined legionary infantry and cavalry.

In the nearly 200 years of warfare between the Parthians and the Romans, Parthia was actually at a disadvantage, and the capital Ctesiphon was captured several times.

In general, nomadic tribes have always had a relationship with Western armies.

During the Crusades, the rear flanks of the crusaders were forever harassed by *** horse archers, and it was annoying, and if a certain count and baron couldn't help but chase all the way and accidentally chased into the valley, then they could only go to God.

And if the crusaders capture the main force of the *** army on a relatively narrow battlefield, and the ironclad knights charge, the *** army will immediately collapse.

The Lionheart always paid attention to maintaining formation during the march, the crossbowmen and pikemen dismounted knights were mixed, and it was strictly forbidden to charge without brains, Saladin's cavalry archers always had no way to take the crusades, and the Lionheart always wandered near the coast, the logistics were guaranteed by the Genoese, and they never dared to let their army go deep into the interior, and everyone actually fought a draw.

The Mongolian army was the most strict military discipline in the world at that time, in addition to the light cavalry and good heavy cavalry and the most advanced siege weapons in the world at that time, the Mongolian generals were experienced, the combat command was thorough, the generals at all levels strictly obeyed the order, coupled with the unique long-distance cross-country survival ability of the nomads, so they fought all over the Eurasian continent.

The Mongol cavalry of the Western Expedition actually had a very important position, but this state of the Mongols did not last long, and soon the Mongols gradually became corrupted and weakened.

After the defeat at Ainzarut, the Ilkhanate never took advantage of the decades-long war with the Mamluks.

After the 14th century, the borders between the Golden Horde and the countries of Eastern Europe were basically fixed, and the Tatars could no longer conquer cities as they wished, but could only maintain suzerainty over the Russian principalities and the occupation of the South Russian steppes.

After the murder of the Golden Horde, the Zanib Khan went into a mode of infighting, but the Tatars still relied on the mobility of cavalry to raid people everywhere in the vast fields.

In fact, relying only on mounted archers can only harass them, and the key to solving the battle is to rely on heavy cavalry.

In Western Europe, the battlefield is generally relatively narrow and has many obstacles, which is not particularly suitable for light cavalry combat, but in the relatively arid Eastern European Great Plain, from the Dniester River to the Ural River, the field of vision is wide and the terrain is flat, which is very suitable for Mongolian and Tatar cavalry mobile operations.

In 1380, at the Battle of Kulikovo, the Grand Duchy of Moscow had been preparing for many years, and it was very difficult to win, and three years later the new Golden Horde Tokhtamysh army arrived, and the Grand Duchy of Moscow was defeated and re-asserted.

In the Battle of Kulikovo, 100 years after Russia defeated the Mongols for the first time, the Golden Horde Ahmad no longer dared to attack Moscow alone, and waited for Lithuanian reinforcements on the banks of the Ugra River on the outskirts of Moscow.

More than 20 years later, the last Golden Horde was killed by the Crimeans, and the Golden Horde was completely destroyed.

Although the Golden Horde perished, several separate khanates, Crimea, Kazan, Astrakhan, Nogai, and Siberia, still had a certain strength, and the strongest was the Crimean Khanate.

In the 16th century, tens of thousands of people were captured and sold into slavery from Poland, Russia, Moldova and other countries almost every year, and many more died.

In 1572, taking advantage of the political instability in Russia, Khandevlait Gelai captured Moscow, captured 150,000 people, and covered the entire Moscow with corpses.

But when the political situation in Tsarist Russia stabilized, Devret Gelehan gathered more Tatar cavalry and tried to attack Moscow again, which was doomed to failure.

At this time, the technology of the arquebus was relatively mature, and although it was complicated to operate, it was able to effectively shoot through armor at a distance of 100 meters. A group of stupid and stupid-looking guys can easily kill veterans who have been trained for many years after a few months of training, and the mixed arquebusiers and pikemen work together, and the nomadic cavalry archers are at a disadvantage in both long-range shooting and hand-to-hand combat.

The Polish hussars were already able to easily defeat the undisciplined and poorly armed Tatars in the field.

The well-armored European cavalry, the Tatars were definitely not opponents in a head-to-head battle, and Yermak went on an expedition to the Siberian Khanate, and 800 Cossacks completely exploded the tens of thousands of Tatars of Guchum Khan like rabbits, as if they were in a no-man's land.