Time flies, the sun and the moon are like a shuttle, and a year has passed in a blink of an eye.

In the past year, there have not been many changes in Qingshanzhai except for the changes in the knowledge of the villagers.

The change of Qingshan Village is in Fang Nan's plan, a year has passed, Fang Nan is only thirteen years old, even if Fang Nan is very extraordinary in the hearts of the villagers, but it has not reached the point where all the villagers are convinced.

Fang Nan's plan is to spend three years to establish the minds of all the students, through which these students influence their elders, and then take control of Qingshan Village, and now the education of the students has only been a year, and in the second school year, Fang Nan will slowly guide the students' thoughts.

Qingshanzhai has not changed much, and Fang Nan has not done much, in addition to teaching Hu Xiaoya and the students knowledge every day, he is drawing drawings, and Fang Nan has put a lot of drawn drawings in his personal space, including drawings of muskets and artillery, simple machine tool drawings, and simple steam engine drawings.

With skilled carpenters and blacksmiths, it takes some time to build something on the drawings.

In addition, Fang Nan also spent a little time studying black powder.

The recipe for black powder, anyone who has gone to junior high school, should know, is very simple, it is a mixture of sulfur, saltpeter and charcoal.

Gunpowder originated from alchemy, which is a by-product of alchemy, but alchemy methods do not pay attention to gunpowder, they pursue refining elixir that can make people immortal.

According to Lu Zhen's "Chronicles of the Nine Kingdoms" of the Song Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Ai of the Tang Dynasty (10th century), Zheng Wangfan led an army to attack Yuzhang (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), "sending a flying fire" and burning down the city's Longsha Gate, which may be the earliest record of attacking the city with gunpowder.

The birth of gunpowder has the emergence of firearms, in addition to the two long-range weapons of bows and crossbows, there are firearms, which are powerful long-range weapons, starting from the Tang Dynasty, the application of firearms in various dynasties has increased, and in the Ming Dynasty, the application of firearms has reached the peak of the "old era".

The raw materials for making black powder were very simple, and Fang Nan could also do it in Qingshan Cottage, so Fang Nan spent a little time collecting raw materials and studying the preparation of black powder a little.

Sulfur, saltpeter, charcoal three raw materials, sulfur and charcoal are good to say, only saltpeter is a little troublesome, the Ming Dynasty army's firearms are widely used, need to consume a lot of gunpowder, indicating that there is no shortage of saltpeter mines on the land of China.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" recorded: "Where nitrate, Huayi is born, and China specializes in the northwest." If the southeast traffickers do not give official citations, they will be guilty of believing that they are private goods. ”

Due to the importance of saltpeter, the Ming Dynasty controlled saltpeter, and it was very difficult for Qingshanzhai to buy saltpeter in the outside world, not to mention that Qingshanzhai did not have extra money to buy saltpeter, so Fang Nan could only use another way to get a small amount of saltpeter for the time being.

Saltpeter in nature is often formed by the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic matter in the soil under the action of bacteria, oxidized into nitric acid, and then combined with potassium in the soil.

Therefore, in the crisp autumn season, it usually precipitates out in the form of a crust or salt flower, covering the ground and the foot of the wall, which is the so-called frost, especially in the corners of the walls near the pigsty, stables, and toilets.

Sweep this kind of nitrate-containing clods, put them in a barrel, soak them in water, filter them, boil or dry them in the filtrate, and get saltpeter crystals.

A small amount of saltpeter can be obtained through this method, and occasionally in physical education class, Fang Nan will take the students to collect nitrate-containing clods of soil everywhere in the cottage, and process them to obtain saltpeter.

When studying black powder, Fang Nan will also choose students who are interested in black powder as assistants, but in order to prevent accidents, when studying black powder, Fang Nan prepares relatively little black powder every time, even if it is accidentally deflagrated, it will not cause much harm to people.

Choosing students as assistants, Fang Nan is consciously cultivating scientists and developing science and technology, only Fang Nan alone is not enough, a country's science and technology tree involves all aspects are very broad, Fang Nan can set the backbone, but the branches, the branches of the branches need the efforts of other scientists.

In fact, when Fang Nan educated the first batch of 42 students, he consciously gave different training directions according to the talents of the students.

For example, squad leader Zhou Shi (nickname), now called Zhou Lei (big name), initially chose Zhou Lei as the squad leader, in fact, he was just a temporary squad leader, if Zhou Lei's performance made Fang Nan dissatisfied, Fang Nan would choose a new squad leader, after a year, Zhou Lei's performance was very good, and he did the duty of the squad leader, which also shows that Fang Nan's choice was not wrong.

Zhou Lei manages the class very well, it can be said that Zhou Lei has a talent for management and is suitable for becoming a manager like an official.

Another example is Hu Zhuang, now Hu Zhuang is the sports committee member of the class, Fang Nan believes that Hu Zhuang is suitable to be a general who commands thousands of troops.

There are also Wang Mu, a member of the boys' study committee, and Xu Yue'er, a member of the girls' study committee, whose academic performance is the best among boys and girls, respectively, to become a study committee, and the two are very suitable for becoming scientists.

As for the study committee divided into male and female students, men and women are not close to each other, and children are better, in this era, 16 men and 14 women can get married and have children, which is equivalent to adulthood, a year has passed, many of Fang Nan's students are old enough to get married, and there can indeed be too much contact between boys and girls, which is the limitation of the times.

Therefore, there are two study committees, male students can find Wang Mu if they have problems with their studies, and girls will find Xu Yue'er if they have problems with their studies, so that they can avoid the problem of contact between boys and girls.

In addition, on the issue of school-age students getting married and having children, Fang Nan gave a "biology lesson" to the boys, and Hu Xiaoya also gave a biology lesson to the girls.

The main thing about marriage and having children in biology class is that girls are still developing when they are fourteen years old, and if they get married and have children now, there will be a lot of damage to their bodies, and the direct one is the reduction of life expectancy, and girls can only have children after they are at least eighteen years old.

After the biology class, the boys went back to tell their fathers, and the girls went back to tell their mothers that this knowledge came from Fang Nan, and the credibility was very high, early marriage would damage the body and reduce life expectancy, which was a big thing, and having children a few years later was just a trivial matter, and parents agreed that their children would get married and have children later.

So in a short period of time, there will be no newcomers in Qingshan Cottage to get married.

There is also a matter of names, the names of the people in Qingshanzhai are relatively casual, what two dogs, big tigers, big cows, mainly because they are illiterate, they are named casually.

After the students became more literate, many students began to change their names, and the change of names mainly started with Hu Xiaoya, Xiaoya became a nickname, which is a title that relatives and familiar people can use, and the big name became Hu Xiaoya, which was used by Fang Nanqi on formal occasions.

The names are all given by the elders, Fang Nan is the teacher and their elder, so the students who need to change their names, the big names are all given by Fang Nan, and the original names will not be lost, and they will be used as nicknames.

Such a name change has also been recognized by the parents of the students, at least the names given to their children by the parents are still there, and they don't care about the big names and small names.