Pu Su found that after receiving the appointment and instructions, General Wang Jingjiu and General Cai Jinjun felt that their current status and job were inconvenient for them to actively participate in the matter, and the intelligence showed that they had given the task of organizing the new group to the deputy commander, Boss Du.

In the process of forming this new group, Mr. Du saw an opportunity for his cronies to become the heads of several departments, so he appointed Mr. Lu Jingshi as the president of the Longhua Military Court and Mr. Zhu Xuefan as the chairman of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions.

However, when Boss Du submitted his list of deputies to the Military Council, he was vetoed, which greatly annoyed him, and at the same time insulted Lu Jingshi and Zhu Xuefan.

In view of Boss Du's sudden indifference to this matter, General Cai Jinjun, director of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau, decided to intervene personally. He set up the headquarters of this special organization within the Public Security Bureau with the help of the Zhongyi Society, which was described by the intelligence officer of the Police Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as "a group composed of Whampoa cadets and led by Pu Fengming". Pu Fengming and General Cai then formed two regiments - the protection regiment and the special service regiment.

The regiment performs different duties on the north and south banks of the Suzhou Creek. In the north of the city, especially in Hongkou, they organized a so-called "Shanghai sniper team", consisting mainly of "hooligans" and unemployed workers, armed with Mauser and pistols, to snipe the Japanese behind enemy lines.

On the south bank of the Suzhou Creek, in Nanshi, the protection group is mainly composed of recruited residents whose mission is to dig up bomb shelters. The main occupants of each house in Nanshi are required to provide labor to the protection corps on a daily basis, under the command of one of General Cai's deputies, whose office is located in Wu'an Primary School on Luxiangyuan Road. By September, 300 had been recruited and 57 anti-aircraft trenches had been completed.

The headquarters of the Secret Service is located in a private school, which is part of the Shaoxing Hall on Liyuan Road in Nanshi. It was commanded by Liu Huai, the former head of the Criminal Investigation Division of General Cai. His two deputies were Chen Bannong, a police inspector, and Zhang Guoquan, a former bus conductor.

The regular members of the Special Service are recruited mainly from among the unemployed workers. Officials promised them a salary of 9 yuan a month, plus room and board in a school that could accommodate 1,000 people. By the end of September 1937, about 400 people had enlisted.

The secret service also has an investigation division, which consists of 30 members and is headed by a man named Yang Fulin. The men were stationed at Jingqin Primary School on Xilin Road outside the Old West Gate, and one of them, Fu Duoma, who was the principal of the elementary school, recorded that Liu Huai had assigned him to report on the activities of Japanese plainclothes detectives in the Public Concession. He was also sent to investigate the "traitors" and, if sufficient evidence could be found, ordered the Chinese police to arrest the collaborators and take them to the detention center at the headquarters of the Special Service for further interrogation.

There is no doubt that Daley has his own people in the two organizations under Cai Jinjun's jurisdiction, especially the Investigation Department of the Special Service Group. However, the head of the secret police devoted most of his attention to the network of Boss Du's henchmen in labor organizations, businessmen's circles, and the underworld.

Apparently, it was Daley who brought the humiliated hooligan leader and his members of the Green Gang back into the orbit of the Military Council in late September and early October, that is, persuaded Chang Kaishen to set up a "Military Committee for the Action of Jiangsu and Zhejiang" to convert gang members into paramilitaries.

The Jiangsu and Zhejiang Action Committee is personally led by Chang Kaishen, and its members include Boss Du, Huang Jupi, Wang Xiaolai, Yu Qiaqing, Zhang Xiaolin, Yang Hu, Mei Guangpei, Xiang Songpo and Lu Jingshi.

Daly became the secretary general and set up an office on Shanzhong Road in the French Concession. The organization of the committee is divided into the General Staff Office, the Political Training Office, the Intelligence Department, the Training Office and the General Affairs Office, and the directors of the Division are all officials of the Special Service, such as Chen Xudong, Wang Zuhua, Xie Ligong and Yu Lexing. 6

The main task at present is the training of cadres and the recruitment of militias. Special training classes were held in Songjiang and Qingpu to train those who participated in and led the special detachments. After that, in early October, Daley used the authority of the committee to form the "Second General Headquarters of the Special Army", whose headquarters was called the "Songhu Special Movement Corps", which was located at No. 1 Shen's house near Fenglin Bridge on the opposite side of Qiqi Road in Nanshi.

Although it is nominally under the jurisdiction of Boss Du, according to a member of the Einsatzgruppen, the actual head is Daley, who is known as the leader of the Blue Coat Society. And Boss Du's "foreign affairs" assistant, the head of the old Youth Gang, Liu Zhilu from Shandong, is the nominal deputy leader of the Einsatzgruppen.

The personnel of the key departments are all Daley's confidant Chen Xudong as chief of staff, chief of staff Fang Chao, director of supervision Zhou Weilong, manager director Zhou Jiali (later Tan Liangfu), director of general affairs Zhou Jiwen, and director of technical office Yu Lexing. Yu Lexing and Xie Ligong are also in charge of special training classes in Songjiang and Qingpu.

The Songhu Special Brigade was divided into five detachments, each with 500 to 3,000 men, for a total of 8,000 men. Each detachment is further divided into three brigades, which are further divided into squadrons, squads, and district teams below. All the officials above the head of the district team are either members of Dai Li's secret service department or the backbone of the Heng Society.

Its members came from a wide range of social strata, from the clerks of the Shanghai Shopkeepers' Association, the ruffians and hooligans in the gangs, the stragglers of the Kuomintang army, the laborers who lost their jobs due to the closure of factories and shops during the Japanese attack, and the members of the organized labor federation.

As early as February 1937, the "Shanghai Chamber of Commerce" was established, when the Chinese Chamber of Commerce placed advertisements in Shanghai newspapers to provide free civic training courses for shop assistants. A 21-year-old Shaoxing man named Tao Minzhou responded to the ad, who returned to the dyeing shop where he worked after four months (March-June) of tutorials in Zhabei. But when the Sino-Japanese war broke out in August 1937, he joined the security team in Nanshi. In early September, the security unit was reorganized into the Fifth Detachment of the Shanghai Einsatzgruppen, led by Colonel Tao Yishan, who was appointed by Nanjing as the head of all the city's citizen training centers, with its headquarters in the Songhu Garrison Headquarters.

After that, Colonel Tao issued Tao Minzhou a pistol, eight rounds of ammunition, and four grenades. Tao Minzhou's "official rank" included two cloth badges: one marked his identity as "Shanghai Einsatzgruppen No. 06595" and ordered him to "obey orders, strictly observe discipline, be loyal to his duties, and fight hard to the end."

The other badge indicates that the wearer belongs to the Einsatzgruppen of the "Jiangsu and Zhejiang Action Committee". On October 24, 1937, Tao Minzhou and a colleague tried to inspect a truck but were thwarted by Inspector Smith (EPS Sith). When they pulled out their pistol, Smith snatched the gun and arrested him, allowing his colleagues to escape. Eventually, Tao Minzhou was handed over to the Shanghai Garrison Command.

Colonel Tao Yishan's organization of merchants and workers was one of several groups that supplied khaki uniforms and were armed with old Mauser guns. The second detachment was stationed at the East Asia Sports School on Luban Road in Nanshi, and it was tasked with helping the police maintain law and order. However, according to the testimony of Hui Fang (a member of the Einsatzgruppen who was known to the police in the Public Concession "for his terrorist activities in 1932"), when he was accused of attempting to assassinate in the French Concession, his detachment (armed with a pistol) was aimed at "finding only traitors," who may have been handed over to the nearest Chinese police station.

The three detachments were under the leadership of Zhu Xuefan, chairman of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, whose appointment was initially issued by the Military Commission. Probably to maintain control over labor. Other workers' organizations included a detachment of postmen and seamen, led by Lu Jingshi, and a detachment of dock stevedores.

Many of the recruits are unemployed young people. Eighteen-year-old Lin Defu, a native of Ningbo, was arrested by the Public Concession police near Happy Horse Hall Road on charges of trying to recruit "plainclothes boy scouts." During the interrogation, Mr. Lin said that he had been introduced to the Einsatzgruppen by a 30-year-old newspaper seller surnamed Li, who had given a vivid speech to a group of young men who had been recruited into the militia on Jiujiang Road. Moved by the patriotism he appealed for, or simply curious about the opportunity he seemed to offer, Mr. Linde-fort and about 40 other men followed the newspaper seller, surnamed Li, to the Einsatzgruppen camp on Liyuan Road in Nanshi, which was set up in the Shaoxing Association Hall.

Once there, they were told that if they were willing to undergo military training, they would receive a monthly allowance of nine yuan, plus two meals a day and a place to sleep. If they refuse, they can return home. About 600 remained, all young adults between the ages of 18 and 36.

The negative later portrayed the Einsatzgruppen as a "rabble" that had little military role in fighting the Japanese. Boss Du's deputies, Lu Jingshi and Shui Xiangyun, suddenly gave up their usual role of rats in dark corners, put on crisp uniforms, and became heroes at that time.

They may have initially defended the area on the south bank of the Suzhou Creek, from the intersection of Fanhuangdu Road and Caojiadu Road to Rihui Port, but when the Japanese launched an attack across the Suzhou Creek, the Einsatzgruppen retreated.

Before the fall of the Chinese Frontier in Shanghai, he had fled to the stronghold on the Hagrid Road in the French Concession. Although he still wanted to reconvene his old unit to participate in the heroic defense of Nanshi, and tried his best to imitate the feat of Regiment Commander Xie Jinyuan, Xie's deeds in defending the Sixing warehouse in 1937 have become a teaching material for patriotism. However, many of the backbone members abandoned the command and fled to the concession for refuge. By the time the Japanese army entered the Chinese border in Shanghai, most of the famous commanders of the resistance forces had already left Shanghai.

In November 1937, the mayors Yu Hongjun, Song Ziwen, Qian Xinzhi and Wang Xiaolai all went to Hong Kong secretly. Boss Du was also among them, and he immediately organized secret intelligence activities for Chang Kaishen, part of which came from a narcotics company called "Gangji Company" established by him and Daley.

At the same time, the Shanghai Einsatzgruppen dispersed. Most of the armed units withdrew to the border areas between Anwei and Jiangsu, especially in Tunxi and Shexian. There, they either combined with warlords such as the former Hunan bandit Chen Shihu and others to form guerrillas who "guerrilla but not attack"; Or it was later organized by Daley to form a loyal rescue, and finally equipped by the Americans.

On February 1, 1938, the last Einsatzgruppen withdrew from Shanghai and published a farewell letter in a Chinese newspaper, claiming that they had left the concession "for the safety of the residents of the concession." By this time, Daley had fled Shanghai and traveled to Hong Kong via Changsha, and the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Action Committee was completely dissolved.

Some of the armed forces left in the suburbs of Shanghai defected to the Japanese and became puppet troops. However, a Pudong guerrilla force was still actively resisting, and on September 11, 1938, a coordinated battle was launched, attacking a Japanese outpost and the puppet army office on Dongchang Road, and safely withdrew before the enemy used heavy machine guns, and the guerrillas continued to operate outside the city.

It was only about the war in Shanghai that went underground, and for the next 34 months until Pearl Harbor, they hid in the concession and secretly directed terrorist activities.

During his stay in Shanghai in August 1937, Daley also carried out his own urban intelligence and counterintelligence activities, and put the Shanghai District Station of the Military Control Bureau in a wartime state. Prior to this, the five "field service" teams of the Shanghai station, commanded by Zhou Weilong, had mainly focused on surveillance and information interception.

Zhou Weilong promised Dai Dali that he would stay in the French Concession and set up a team engaged in sabotage activities in the "incubation zone" to harass the enemy. For security reasons, these spy organizations had no contact with the Einsatzgruppen at all, and had direct contact with Dai Li through Gong Xianfang, who had been the head of the personnel department of the Shanghai Special Service Corps and was now appointed as the liaison and information officer of the Shanghai network.

However, these underground intelligence organizations were either sold by the concession police, smashed by the Japanese counterintelligence agencies, or bought by the secret services of the collaborating enemy who worked for the puppet government. The new head of the intelligence organization, Wang Fangnan, revealed his identity within a year and was transferred to Hong Kong by the military commanders.

In early 1939, Zhou Weilong was arrested by the French Concession police, and the military commanders managed to get him released and transferred him to Chongqing. Wang Mutian (who was on a par with Chen Gongshu) was sold by the head of the personnel department of the Shanghai station of the Military Command Bureau to the pseudo-secret police at No. 76 Jisifeier Road, and soon defected.

Although the Shanghai Station of the Military Command quickly lost its operational capacity, two special operations groups operated more effectively throughout the "island" period. Due to Chang Kaishen's anger at the "traitorous activities" of the Shanghai collaborators, Daley organized two secret action groups, led by Zhao Lijun and Lin Zhijiang respectively. These two task forces, especially Zhao Lijun's group, carried out many major assassinations at the time, including the murders of Zhou Fengqi, Lu Bohong, and Zhang Xiaolin. According to statistics, Daley's men carried out 150 assassinations in Shanghai between August 1937 and October 1941, although pseudo-operatives working at 76 Extreme Fil Road infiltrated the operation team during this period.

The Special Service Unit of the Police Department of the Ministry of Industry must have realized that the Blue Coat Society, as before, was no longer active in Shanghai on the surface. For example, the Japanese "New Declaration" knew that some of the assassination teams were secret agents of the Kuomintang, and they even knew that these action groups were commanded by Daley.

With the withdrawal of the squadron from the Shanghai area, both the Blue Coat Society and the newly formed Three People's Youth League were responsible for the assassinations of pro-Japanese Chinese in the public concession and in the concession. According to the information at hand, Daley, an official of the Chongqing Military Commission and a former member of the Blue Coat Society, commanded the special forces of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Action Committee, that is, guerrillas operating on the outskirts of Shanghai, and was responsible for the assassination in the city.

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