In the Tang Dynasty, the propellerization of aircraft was significantly accelerated, and the shape of the hat changed from a soft couch to a hard shell. To put it simply, it is to shape the outside of the hat and then add a layer to the inside.

The result of this is that the hat can be worn directly on the head, so that the four straps are redundant.

Therefore, the Tang Dynasty people tied the front two straps to the top of the hat to form a bow, and the remaining two hanging feet at the back of the head were lined with silk, cardboard and even iron wire, or drooped like a swallowtail, or dragged long like a streamer behind; This is already very close to the official hat style of the Song Dynasty.

Tang Taizong and Tang Xuanzong liked such hats very much, which shows that the love of bows is not the patent of modern people.

The hat worn by Taizong of the Tang Dynasty is close to the style of the official hat of the Song Dynasty

In the Song Dynasty, there was a royal clan named Zhao Yanwei, who was a descendant of Zhao Kuangyin's younger brother Zhao Guangmei.

Zhao Yanwei wrote a book called "Yunlu Manbanknotes", which recorded many stories from the Tang and Song dynasties.

It is recorded in this book that after the Five Dynasties period, Liu Zhiyuan, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, was not yet the emperor and served as the state school; He once visited the state of Chu.

Liu Zhiyuan saw that Ma Xifan, the king of Chu, had two wings on his hat, both of which were upward "L" shapes, so he asked, "What are these two wings called?" ”

Ma Xifan said, "This is a dragon's horn." "Liu Zhiyuan just wants this hat to be handsome, I'll have one too.

But Liu Zhiyuan didn't dare to call Longjiao, because it was a sin; So he changed the "L" shape into a "-" shape, with each side more than 1 foot (40 cm) long.

Later, when Liu Zhiyuan became the emperor, he promoted this hat style; From the dignitaries to the common people, they all wore this hat.

As can be seen from this story, the propeller-like hat was not specifically designed to prevent officials from talking to each other; The hat wings are just an exaggerated and exposed decoration, or they are designed by people to make themselves look more handsome, and Wang Dechen of the Northern Song Dynasty has a similar record in the "History of Lu".

In addition, it is also recorded in the official history book "History of the Song Dynasty and Yufu Zhi"; It was a matter of the fifth generation that the hat wings became straight.

During the Song Dynasty, the tall and short hats changed from round to square, angular hats, and they were mainly black, with other colors in both.

The wings behind the head are not only the two long wings that we see; According to "Mengxi Writings", at that time, it was already divided into five categories: "straight feet, round feet, crossed feet, facing the sky, and tailwind".

It seems that at this time the "aircraftization" of the hat was finally completed, and at least 5 types of "propellers" appeared.

Straight feet are also called flat feet or spread feet, this kind of head, or the biggest problem of black gauze hats is that the shape is too ostentatious.

Prime Minister Kou Zhun went to inspect the people. Dressed in green clothes and a small hat, he dressed up as a scholar and paid a private visit to Bianliang, Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan).

When he talked to an old man, the old man bowed to Kou Zhun and bowed down to greet him, showing unusual humility. Kou Zhun felt strange and deliberately asked: "Old gentleman, the contemptible person is a scholar, please be casual." ”

The old man smiled and said, "Could it be that the prime minister is hiding his identity? You're the official of the court! Kou Zhun was even more puzzled when he heard this: "I don't know you, how can I say that I am an official of the imperial court?" ”

The old man said, "Xianggong, just now when you passed through the narrow alley, you looked sideways, for fear that something would touch your hat. If you don't always wear a winged hat, how can you have such a habitual action? ”

So, if everyone walks on the street wearing a hat that can't take off their wings, everyone has to walk at least 1 meter from the front to back and from side to side, or they will be accidentally injured by the hat wings.

It is for this reason that by the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, these two abducted wings were changed to be detachable and not fixed to the hat.

Of course, there is another reason for this, which is that it is more convenient to brush.

The head of the local leg, that is, the curved head foot, is to roll up the tail ends of the two long wings of the straight foot head to form a "C-shape", "S-shape" or "spiral type".

Wearing this kind of hat is common in civil officials such as champions and Hanlin scholars, such as the famous Hanlin scholar Bao Zheng was particularly fond of it.

As the name suggests, the two feet intersect, that is, the two long wings of the straight head are folded in half, and then crossed into an "X shape" on them. It is common for people to wear this kind of hat on the royal family.

Facing the sky, that is, the two feet are straight, that is, the two long wings of the straight foot are folded in half, and then folded into two parallel poles facing the sky, wearing this kind of hat is common in all kinds of officials.

Downwind is to fold the two wings together to one side, such as a flounder, with two wings on one side and no wings on the other. In addition, some people think that it is a "∽" symbol that droops down and rises on the other. This type of hat is common among the common people. In addition, it is common for some eunuchs or miscellaneous servants to wear wingless hats.

By the time of the Song Dynasty, the head was basically fixed. Although the Ming Dynasty appeared with round wings, the other categories were basically inherited from the Song Dynasty and did not change much. However, because the hat wings are long or round, which does not reflect the special status of high-ranking officials, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty specially allowed them to inlay jade on the edge of the hat wings in order to reward some meritorious officials, in order to show their status, such as Hai Rui's hat has jade inlay. The Qing Dynasty did not inherit the habit of the Ming Dynasty, and there were no more such hats.

Song Taizong looked at the ministers and military generals who were standing under the Dan Pier, and saw that everyone was standing in order; The long-winged official hats on their heads separated each other, and their hearts were secretly happy.

After Zhao Tingmei's case, Song Taizong carried out a purge of court officials; All the officials who contempted the emperor's sympathy for Zhao Tingmei and Lu Duoxun's "small clique" were all driven out of the government and assigned to remote and evil states.

Song Qi, Li Fang, Zhang Qixian, Li Mu, Lu Mengzheng, Li Zhi, Wang Wei, Chen Shu, Zhang Xun, Wen Zhongshu, Kou Zhun and others all became important ministers of the imperial court, and the dynasty was a new one; Kou Zhun was upright and upright, especially favored by Emperor Taizong.

Song Taizong turned his somewhat fat body on the dragon chair and said to the courtiers under the Danqi: "The topic of today's court is mainly how to deal with the party members. It is the first time that a gangster Yidi who has gone back on his word has encountered such a party item! ”

Song Taizong said impassionedly: "Over the years, I want to use restraint to include Xiazhou, Yuanzhou, Jingzhou, Suizhou, and Yinzhou occupied by the party members into the territory of the Great Song Dynasty; Li Jitou was appointed as the envoy of the difficult festival, but Li Jiqian raised troops to fight back, and now the party has become a border problem second only to the Khitans, how to deal with it, we must come up with a practical plan! ”

As soon as Song Taizong's voice fell, he saw Kou Zhun coming out of the class; I saw him impassionedly said: "It is advisable to hang your head between the barbarian mansions on the street to show thousands of miles." Those who commit strong men will be punished even if they are far away! ”

Kou Zhun was not a heavy minister at this time, but his outspoken temperament was not available to other important ministers.

After Kou Zhun finished saying the above sentence, he stretched his neck and swallowed a mouthful of saliva, took a few steps closer to Dan Qi, and said with an excited expression: "Your Majesty must know the source of this sentence!" He is a famous sentence of Chen Tang, a loyal general of the Han Yuan Emperor, and the minister thinks; To treat a handful of miscellaneous people like Li Jiqian, you should use the words of Chen Tang's general - those who commit a strong Song Dynasty will be punished even if they are far away! ”

Brigadier Kou changed "Ming Crime Strong Han" to "Ming Crime Strong Song", which made Song Taizong very happy.

Since Song Taizong ascended the throne, he has not been praised by the minister as "strong Song" and "Heavenly Dynasty", but he didn't expect Kou Zhun to say such things as pouring a spoon and a bowl; Song Taizong was impressed by him.

At this time, Kou Zhun was not an important minister of the imperial court, but could only be regarded as a bar master who beat the side drum.

Kou Zhunzi Pingzhong, a native of Xiatai (now Weinan, Shaanxi), Huazhou; In the fifth year of the Taiping Rejuvenation (980 AD), the 19-year-old Kou Ling was admitted to the Jinshi.

Song Taizong chose Jinshi, and often went to the platform in front of the palace to visit and ask questions; Younger people are hardly hired.

Someone taught Kou Lian to increase his age, and Kou Lian said: "I was just about to embark on a career in office, how can I deceive Your Majesty?" ”

Later, he was admitted to the examination, was awarded the official Dali Appraisal Officer, and was sent to Renzhi County, Badong, Guizhou, and was reappointed as Anzhi County at the end of his term. Later, he was successively promoted to the rank of Salt and Iron Judge, Shangshu Yu Department Langzhong, and Privy Counselor.

In the second year of the end arch, Kou Lin once played in the palace; Be bold and admonish. Because of his loyalty, Song Taizong couldn't listen to it, and left the dragon throne angrily and wanted to return to the inner palace.

Kou Ling grabbed the corner of Song Taizong's clothes and persuaded him to sit down again and listen to him finish speaking.

Afterwards, Song Taizong praised Kou Zheng very much, and said happily: "I got Kou Lian, just like Tang Taizong got Wei Zheng." ”

Among the ministers of the Song Taizong Dynasty, Kou Lin was famous for his uprightness and wisdom. In the early years of Chunhua, the Northern Song Dynasty court dealt with two bribery cases.

Wang Huai, who had tens of millions of stolen money, was only removed from his post and held responsible, and soon resumed his original position.

And Zuji, who was less serious, was sentenced to death. Kou Lian knew that this was Wang Huai's elder brother, the governor of the political affairs Wang Wei, and he was angry in his heart.

In the spring of the second year of Chunhua, there was a great drought, and Song Taizong summoned his close ministers to inquire about the gains and losses of current politics; Most of the ministers thought that it was due to the number of days, but Kou Lian said: "In "Hong Fan", it is said that the relationship between heaven and man is like a shadow and an echo, and the great drought is because the punishment is unfair. ”

Song Taizong was very angry and got up and returned to the palace. After a while, he summoned him to inquire about the unfairness of the punishment.

Kou Lin said: "I hope to summon the officials of the second government, I will say." "Kou Zhun really has the guts, isn't this coercing the emperor?

But the emperor knew that Kou Zhun was a direct minister, and ordered to summon the officials of the two prefectures to come; Kou Lin said: "Not long ago, Zu Ji and Wang Huai both violated the law and accepted bribes, and Zu Ji was killed for taking fewer bribes; Wang Huai received tens of millions of dollars because he was the younger brother of Wang Wei, who participated in politics, and was only punished with a cane and reinstated as an official; Isn't that unfair? ”。

Song Taizong asked Wang Wei about this matter, and Wang Wei kowtowed to apologize, so Song Taizong severely criticized Wang Wei and knew that Kou Wei was available; Immediately appointed Kou Ling as the Zuo Counselor and the Privy Council's Deputy Envoy, reappointed as the Governor of the Tongyuan, and began to directly participate in the military affairs of the Northern Song Dynasty.

From this level, Song Taizong still has the style of knowing people and making good use of them; At this time, seeing that Kou Zhun listed the warning of Chen Tang of the Western Han Dynasty, "Those who commit strong men will be punished even if they are far away", sat on the dragon chair and raised his arms and said: "If you have anything to say, I would like to hear your opinion."