To say that the most holy master of Dacheng, Confucius, the reason why he can be called the master of all worlds, is that there is really a place for his disciples and grandchildren to learn. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info

When he was alive, he achieved the position of Lu Guo's secretary, which was equivalent to the president of the country's supreme court, or the secretary of the criminal department of the imperial court. Even when he was most unlucky to travel around the world, a king planned to invite him to come out and be an official in his own country, but as a result, his old man's sentence "Fengsu 60,000" made the monarch lose his temper at that time. (Wei Linggong asked Confucius: "How much is Turus?") He said, "Feng Su 60,000." "Historical Records of the Confucius Family)

What is the concept? An annual salary of 60,000 yuan is not the standard of the current annual salary of one million. In the Spring and Autumn Period, what was the annual harvest of an acre of land? The annual income is 60,000 buckets of millet, one stone and ten buckets, and when Li Kui of Wei changed the law, the yield per mu was only one stone. This is equivalent to an annual income of at least 10,000 acres of land as his own income!

With so much income, coupled with the bundles enshrined by the 3,000 disciples who claim to have no class of income from the door, the old master's life should be very prosperous and nourishing. Otherwise, I wouldn't have said the popular "I don't get tired of eating, I don't get tired of it." Eat food and clean, fish and meat are not eaten; Lust and evil do not eat; Foul smell does not eat; lack of food and drink; If you don't cut properly, you don't eat; It is not allowed to be eaten; Although there is a lot of meat, it does not make it better to eat; Only the wine is immeasurable, not chaotic; Don't eat in the liquor market, don't withdraw ginger food, don't eat much; Sacrifice to the public, not to the meat; Sacrificial meat, not out of three days, out of three days, do not eat. Only wine is immeasurable. "The standard of the diet.

In an era when the average grain yield per mu is only one stone, it is a rich family that can reach the standard of only wine.

It seems that until today in the 21st century, at least 100 million people in the country do not meet Confucius's dietary standards.

Globally, the number of people who do not meet the Confucius standard is at least twice as large as the Chinese population.

It seems that our country's development path is still far away.

This is when you are alive.

Confucius was born in the 21st year of King Ling of Zhou (22nd year of Lu Xianggong, 551 BC) and died in the 40th year of King Dun of Zhou (16th year of Lu Aigong, 479 BC), at the age of 73. This is also the origin of the so-called "seventy-three, eighty-four, the king of Hades does not call himself to go". Chinese folk are full of so-called two hurdles for the elderly.

After death, it is even more terrible.

In the second year after Confucius's death (478 B.C.), Lu Aigong ordered the construction of a temple in Confucius's old house in Qufu Queli, which is today's Qufu Confucius Temple. The three houses where Confucius lived during his lifetime were converted into longevity halls, and the clothes, crowns, cars, pianos, and books used by Confucius during his lifetime were preserved, and sacrifices were made according to the age of the year. This was the beginning of the princes' sacrifice to the holes.

In the twelfth year of Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (195 BC), Gaozu Liu Bang passed through the Lu State and sacrificed to Confucius in the etheric prison. This is the beginning of the Son of Heaven's sacrifice to Kong. Don't underestimate this too strong sacrificial level, you must know that after the peasant uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty and the war and destruction of several years of Chu and Han wars, at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, even the old hooligan Liu Bang himself couldn't get together four white horses to pull the cart, and the minister could only take the ox cart in the court. Sacrificing Confucius, Liu Bang was willing to slaughter a cow to pay tribute, which shows the degree of attention.

Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty (reigned 48-33 B.C.) conscripted Confucius's 13th grandson Kong Ba as the emperor's teacher, sealed the customs of the inner marquis, praised Chengjun, gave 800 households of food, and sacrificed Confucius on time with taxes. This is the beginning of the enshrinement of Confucius's descendants as marquis. Since the Han Dynasty, whether in Qufu or in the capital and local governments, Confucius has been widely worshipped, and rituals have been established. With the evolution of the times, the title of Confucius was gradually promoted from the first year of Emperor Ping of the Han Dynasty (1 AD) to the King of Wenxuan in the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (739 AD). The ceremony became more and more complete and grand.

After more than 1,000 years of evolution, a set of rituals and procedures for sacrificing Confucius has gradually formed. Among them, the music and dance of traditional Hanfu wearing wide robes and large sleeves are the most famous. The music and dance students all wore red round-necked uniforms and black gold-edged three-beam crowns on their heads, showing their Chinese style with their gestures.

The musicians demonstrated the orthodox Chinese music, with an ensemble of various musical instruments such as 柑, 敔, qin, se, xun, xiao, drum, sheng, bell, chime, etc.; The dancers held the gong in their left hand and Zhai in their right hand, and danced the "Six Dances" dedicated to the memorial ceremony in a neat arrangement. The music and dance performance in this set of sacrificial Confucius ceremony, the dance inherits the primitive dance form of the Han people in ancient times to sacrifice heaven and earth and celebrate the harvest and war exploits, it is a collection of music, songs, dances, and rituals as one of the temple sacrificial music and dance, and has the meaning of "hearing music and knowing virtue, watching the dance and clearing the heart, knowing the etiquette and benevolence, and the etiquette and music, and neutralizing the education".

In addition to the music and dance students, there are those deacons. The deacons are dressed in white and wear "square scarves" on their heads, and they will follow a fixed set of procedures to complete the main parts of the ritual activities such as reading blessings and making three offerings.

In addition, because later when sacrificing Confucius, there were disciples of Confucius and other Confucian scholars who joined in the past dynasties, so when sacrificing Confucius, these people were also sacrificed. The ritual of sacrificing Confucius is called the right offering, and the ritual of sacrificing the person who is worthy of the enjoyment is called the sharing gift. The most famous person in the late Ming Dynasty who almost ate cold pork with Confucius was the famous eunuch, the sworn enemy of the gentlemen of Donglin, Wei Zhongxian and Wei Gonggong.

The most important agenda of the sacrifice of Confucius is the three offerings, the chief priest must first dress and wash his hands before going to the Confucius incense table to bow on the incense, when bowing the man should be left hand in front, right hand in the back, female right hand in front, left hand in back. The so-called three offerings are divided into initial offerings, sub-offerings and final offerings.

The first offering of the silk jue, the silk is yellow silk, the jue refers to the antique wine glass, by the official will be enshrined to the incense case, the chief priest reads and offers the sacrificial text, and then all the participants bow to the statue of Confucius, and recite the "Confucius praise" together. Both the sub-offering and the final offering are incense offerings and wine, and the sub-dedication officials and the final offering officials respectively offer incense and wine on the incense table, and the procedure is equivalent to the initial offering.

According to the procedure agreed in advance, the main dedication officer in charge of the first dedication was the first assistant of the current dynasty, Master Ma Shi Yingma. He solemnly held the sacrificial text approved by the Hongguang Emperor Zhu Yousong, and stood in front of the portrait of Confucius and recited it aloud. However, before he finished reading this sacrificial text carefully concocted by the Hanlin Academy, there was a noise outside the Confucian Temple of Chaotian Palace.

The noisy crying sound came from far and near, and gradually stopped outside the Confucian Temple of Chaotian Palace.

This sudden situation suddenly annoyed Grandpa Xu, who was about to come forward as a sub-sacrifice official to offer incense and wine.

"Check it out! Look what kind of Diao people came to this Chaotian Palace Confucian Temple to make trouble! Disturb the sacrificial ceremony! ”

Nanjing people know that there are a total of four Confucius temples in Nanjing, and the most famous one is naturally the one by the Qinhuai River. However, if you want to say that the highest level has to be the Chaotian Palace Confucian Temple in front of you. Don't say anything else, but when it comes to people's building regulations, red walls and yellow tiles, it is completely on the same level as royal buildings. This is because it is a place for the imperial court designated by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, to practice etiquette before the grand ceremony, and a place for the children of bureaucrats to learn the etiquette of meeting the Son of Heaven before the seal. Covering an area of hundreds of acres, there are hundreds of halls and houses, and the Temple of Literature is only the most important part of it.

The high regulations on the architecture are only one side, and they are not enough to show the special features of this Temple of Literature. Nanjing, as a city with a very detached political status, has activities to worship the Ming Tomb every year. According to the rules and regulations that have been handed down, every time the front foot is sacrificed to the filial piety tomb, the back foot immediately rushes to the Chaotian Palace to worship the Temple of Literature.

So much so that there is such a record in the notes of the late Qing Dynasty: Zeng Guofan restored and rebuilt Nanjing after conquering Nanjing. As a result, when rebuilding the Chaotian Palace Confucian Temple, I was surprised to find the entrance of Zhu Yuanzhang's mausoleum, and then I suddenly realized why I had to rush back to the city to worship the Confucian Temple every time I sacrificed the Ming Tomb. So, the timid and fearful Zeng Wenzhenggong quietly reclosed the entrance of the tomb. This is just a wild history and legend, and naturally it can't be true. However, being able to make people have such imagination and speculation is enough to prove the particularity of the Chaotian Palace Confucian Temple. This is a bit like speculating whether Fukangan is a pearl in the sea that Hongli sprinkled in someone else's field. If it weren't for the various special treatments of Fukangan, all kinds of extraordinary favors, promotions, and rewards, how could there be such a legend?

Liu Kongzhao, who was very modest by Li Shouhan and gave up the position of the final dedication officer, was also angry, it was originally his own beautiful moment, but he was disturbed by a group of wild dogs that came out of nowhere.

"Check it out! Who the hell is making a fuss here? Where is the Five Cities Terracotta Division!? Why don't you drive them away?! ”

Hearing Liu Kongzhao's order to prepare to order the soldiers and horses of the five cities, Lu Daqi, Zhao Zhilong and others standing in the civil official team couldn't help but tremble slightly. Otherwise, there would not be a showman who rebelled for ten years, and this ballad would not have been successful.

Qian Qianyi, who was behind them, coughed lightly, signaling them to be restless. He also conveyed a message to several colleagues around him with confident eyes: "Don't worry! Those Qiu Ba definitely didn't dare to do it! ”

However, Liu Zongzhou, the imperial history of the left capital, was a little breathless, and under the pretext that he was the general constitution, there were "all ministers who are treacherous, villains who form the party, and who are powerful and disruptive will be impeached." Anyone who is obscene and corrupt in official discipline shall be impeached. Those who are not academically correct, who have written and made statements into a constitution, and who wish to use them, will be impeached. In case of Hajj and inspection, the same officials and the Ministry of Ministers were deposed. The heavy prisoners of the big prison will be in the outer court, and the punishment department and Dali Temple will be leveled. It is in the hinterland, following the field, each acting exclusively in its own way, "picketing impeachment", lifting the robe and clothing in small steps towards the "moral match world" archway.

Outside the archway, a group of scribes dressed in shabby shirts and crowns were reprimanding the guards and horses, "Do you know what Chenguang is today?!" Sacrifice to the saints! As disciples of the saints, why don't we be allowed to enter and worship?! ”

If other idle people come here to stir up trouble, these soldiers of the Five Cities Soldiers and Horses Division will not hesitate to follow the orders of the commander to teach these guys who don't know whether they are alive or dead. Today, however, the officer leading the team was also a little hesitant.

The reason is simple. These literati who came to make trouble each held a wooden tablet with flat gold characters on it, "The Holy Master Confucius!" ”

If this scene was seen by Li Huabao, he would not hesitate to order these soldiers of the Five Cities Soldiers and Horses Division to take down this group of troublemakers and scare anyone with a tattered brand?! However, the one who is good at dying and not dying is Liu Zongzhou, the imperial history of the left capital, who came out of the Confucian Temple.

"Get on your knees! Get on your knees! A wooden tablet one foot and two inches long made this court official kneel on both knees, not only kneeling himself, but also ordering those soldiers to kneel together.

Taking advantage of this moment, the literati holding the tablet of Confucius rushed in.

The chaotic procession rushed in, and at the originally solemn sacrificial ceremony, people suddenly felt a sense of surprise.

These people knelt down in front of the Dacheng Hall and began to cry loudly in front of the seven-bay building with corridors on the top of the heavy eaves resting on the mountain.

"Master! You have been educating and promoting the royal way all your life, but you don't know that now your disciples are desperate! ”

"Master! Your life's work is ignored by people and trampled under your feet! ”

"Master! No one will read your writings in the future, no one will use them, what is the use of staying in this filthy and unclean world, where everyone smells of copper! It's better to burn it down and send it to Heaven to accompany your old man! ”

This group of talents and children cried with snot and tears to worship Confucius, but they were not idle in their hands, blowing incense, and after the flames were rising, they took out the books such as the Four Books and the Five Classics that they carried with them, lit them and burned them.

For a moment, the flames danced with the smoke, crying and shouting.

At such a grand court ceremony as the winter solstice sacrifice to Confucius, there was a sudden occurrence of scholars holding Confucius tablets, crying at the scene, and burning books, which immediately made the officials present who did not know the inside story dumbfounded and shocked.

And the behind-the-scenes organizers of this incident, Lu Daqi, Qian Qianyi and others, are even more excited. looked at Li Shouhan, Liu Kongzhao, Grandpa Xu, Grandpa Chang and others in the team of martial ministers and nobles next door with smug eyes, and even stared at Ma Shiying, a scholar of Shoufu University, with eyes containing poisonous juice. Watch his every move.

The occurrence of such a bad thing undoubtedly gave Ma Shiying and Li Shouhan a slap in the face out of thin air. Qian Qianyi saw Li Huabao standing in the middle of the Wuchen team very sharply, clenching his fists, ready to come out of the team.

"Come out of here! Come out quickly, pull out your sword, mobilize your soldiers, and arrest these scholars who are crying and worshiping Confucius, and even rectify the Fa on the spot. That's great! Qian Qianyi kept urging Li Huabao in his heart. He and his colleagues hope more than anyone else that Li Shouhan and Ma Shiying, the ** party elites, will fight against these scholars and severely suppress them!

In this way, they have a reason to fan the flames and make a big fuss. Even more shameless things, they have a reason to do them.

"You don't respect the saints, you don't respect Confucianism. Massacre of scholars in front of the saints. ”

Li Huabao, who was in the ranks of the military ministers, was indeed a little unable to hold back the anger in his chest. He almost jumped out of the queue in one step, and loudly summoned the troops of the Nanyue Army who were on guard inside and outside the Chaotian Palace, and suppressed these poor and sour people who were making trouble inside and outside the Confucian Temple.

However, a big strong hand next to him grabbed his wrist tightly.

"Don't move! As soon as you make a move, they will detain the basin on the head of the father! A voice with a Hokkien accent whispered in his ear.

Li Huabao turned his head, and it was his eldest brother-in-law Shi Lang who stopped him from speaking!

"Then let them mess around here? Isn't it the same to smear your father's face? ”

"Don't worry! I have a way! The affairs of the literati have to be handled by the literati! ”

Shi Lang winked at his brother-in-law rather urgently, signaling him to be calm. Then, he reached out and made a few incomprehensible gestures to some of the people in the civil service team opposite.

"Let's wait to see the show!"

There was a commotion in the ranks of civil officials, and more than 40 officials dressed in six- and seven-grade official uniforms also hid their faces and wept bitterly, staggering out of the ranks. The actions of these people amazed Qian Qianyi, Lu Daqi, Zhao Zhilong, Wang Duo and others.

"What's going on with these officials? Do we arrange for serving officials to come out and weep? Or are these people inspired by righteousness and come out to denounce the traitors?! ”

Neither.

These people were a group of people from the Qin Law School that Shi Lang brought back from Shandong not long ago. Because I have not completed my studies, there are too many subjects missing, and it is not easy to come in handy for a while. After Wu Xing and Lu Mahong discussed, they asked Shi Lang to bring these people back to Nanzhong, re-train them in the academy, and then send them back to Shandong to take up jobs.

Originally, after these people arrived in Nanjing, Li Shouhan asked Ma Shiying for them to obtain an official position, which was regarded as a formal court official position.

Today, these people are required to participate in this ceremony of worshiping Confucius as officials above the seventh rank in the city, but they don't want to be of great use.

The sudden appearance of so many responders in the ranks of civil servants was a surprise to Mr. Qian. Their instinctive understanding is that these people must have been inspired by the great righteousness, and they rose up to rebuke the traitors for the country.

However, the ensuing cries and outpouring made them pale for it.

"Master, you have been diligent and simple all your life, advocating education without class, and you have only earned more than 40,000 catties of dried beef after accepting 3,000 students. It's barely enough to fit more than 100 cars! ”

"Master, you are benevolent and kind, Shao Zhengmao didn't scold you, so you sent him to see the king of Hades."

"Master, you despise the thief, so you must persuade the thief to change his ways, and say that he can be a prince."

"Master! Fan Chi just asked you about Nongsang, and you reprimanded him for being a villain! He didn't know that he had to eat if he was a human being! ”

One sentence after another, it pierced into the hearts of Qian Qianyi and others like a steel knife.

In these cries, the things about Confucius were dug up one by one. Dry it in broad daylight. (To be continued.) )