Chapter 422: Electricity

With the spread of the effect of the rise of the Han State in South America, the international situation is also developing more and more towards a trajectory different from the original history.

The situation in South American countries continues to be turbulent, and some white families living in South America and the surplus population in Europe have abandoned South America in favor of the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and other countries as their destination for immigration.

As a result of this change, colonies such as the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and even South Africa and Rhodesia in Africa also received more white immigrants than at the same time in history.

The number of whites in the United States, Canada, Australia and other regions has increased, and the Western society is stronger than the same period in history in the competition of various ethnic groups in the world.

The closer the time is to the 20 th century, the more mature and complex the development of science and technology becomes, and the role that Li Mingyuan can play in it becomes smaller and smaller.

"The use of DC mode to transport electricity consumes a lot of power and has a high cost, so it is not suitable for widespread promotion.

Although Edison, an American, advocated the use of direct current and tried various methods to expand the power supply range of direct current, it only partially improved the power supply situation in small and medium-sized cities. And for the power supply of large cities, the DC power station improved by Edison is still powerless,

The future of electric transportation is in the way of alternating current power generation.

Although there is a lack of high-quality anthracite coal in the local area, there is no shortage of ordinary thermal coal resources, Jiangdong Sanzhou is rich in thermal coal reserves, which can be used as a raw material for thermal power generation, and the central and northern regions of the local area are rich in hydropower resources, and can try to build large-scale hydroelectric power stations in some river basins with turbulent water flow and large water level differences, so as to make reasonable use of local hydropower resources. ”

Electricity is the driving force for future industrial development, and Li Mingyuan has always maintained great attention to the development of the local power sector.

"Thermal power, hydropower, and even wind power can all generate valuable electricity, and in 1882, when the first medium-sized hydropower station was built in China, the Hung Yen River Hydropower Station (Primero River Hydropower Station) has always had problems such as low power generation efficiency and huge consumption in the transportation process due to imperfect technical reserves.

In recent years, a large number of emerging enterprises have emerged in Chang'an, Songjiang, Huaiyang, Xinjing and other cities, and the demand for electricity is more vigorous, and taking Xing'an Hydropower Station as an example, the generator set used in the first generation of power stations, the single power generation capacity is only twenty or thirty kilowatts, and a power station with a total power generation of about 100 kilowatts can only meet the electricity demand of three or five medium-sized factories, but it cannot undertake the power supply task covering the whole city. ”

Compared with the chemical industry, the technical level and control of the power field are higher.

At the same time, Li Mingyuan, who majored in chemical engineering, can give key guidance in many subdivisions, but in the field of electric power, it is only directional guidance, and the help to electric power researchers is not as effective as in the chemical field.

If the AC method is used to supply the power remotely, the cooperating voltage needs to be increased to reduce the power loss in the transmission line, and then the transformer must be used to step down the voltage before it can be sent to the company and the enterprise.

The DC transformer originally used in Hanguo had a simple structure and easy maintenance, but of course, the effect was not so ideal.

The AC transformer is relatively complex, the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1882 after the Xing'an hydropower station was put into operation, began the study of the AC transformer, but it was not until 1886, the Westinghouse engineer Stanley developed a high-performance AC transformer, the Han side by drawing on Stanley's technical experience, in 1887 to develop a localized AC transformer.

Han is one step behind the Americans in the field of AC transformers,

However, relying on some of the prophetic advantages provided by Li Mingyuan, in the field of generator sets, the Han country has made further achievements.

In the early days, generators were powered by steam engines. In September 1883, the Royal Academy of Sciences used the newly invented mechanical turbine to replace the steam engine, which was directly connected to the generator, and at the same time removed the cloud gear and other devices, which solved the problems of unstable operation and serious wear and tear of the generator set.

In May 1886, the new turbine generated 75 kava and was well run in an experimental hydroelectric power station built on the banks of the ParanΓ‘ River.

After more than two years after 1886, many researchers of the Royal Academy of Sciences tried to make experimental improvements to the performance of the turbine, and in July 1888 developed a second-generation turbine with a speed of 9,000 rpm and a power of 150 kilowatts.

Although the small turbine with a power generation of 150 kilowatts is insignificant compared with the turbines of later generations, which can easily reach millions of kilowatts, in the current era, only Britain, the United States, France, and Germany can reach similar standards in the current era.

In the AC hydropower station was the first to take the lead, although it was one step slower than the Americans because of technical reserves, but it took five or six years for Han to make progress in the core field of electric power, and once again stood on the same running line in the electric power field with the United States and Germany, which means that the power station construction project that has come to a standstill will usher in a new explosive period.

While carrying out the construction of the second-generation power station, the technical difficulties of the third- and fourth-generation power stations are tackled.

Li Mingyuan sat at the top and gave a clear goal to the officials of the Electric Power Department of the Ministry of Industry: "By 1900, the research target of 1,000 kilowatt turbines will be completed, and by 1910, the power generation capacity of turbines will be increased to 10,000 kilowatts." ”

According to the R&D progress of Western countries in the field of emerging science and technology, Li Mingyuan's R&D goals set by officials and relevant researchers of the Royal Academy of Sciences are not whimsical, after all, in the original history, Western countries have also completed the technical research problems of power generation within a similar time frame.

"Your Majesty, the power generation project involves many fields, and the minister requests that more scientific researchers be allocated to assist the Electric Power Department of the Ministry of Industry in carrying out its work."

Shen Xian, the general director of the Ministry of Industry, first took over the task and immediately put forward conditions.

"Physics graduates from local colleges and universities are given priority for you to choose, and researchers related to electricity in the Royal Academy of Sciences are also given priority to cooperate with your work."

Li Mingyuan said magnanimously: "You can use these people first, and in another two or three months, when the power researchers hired by the government from Western countries arrive in the mainland, the difficulty of your task will be reduced a lot." ”

"Thank you, Your Majesty."

The chief of the Ministry of Industry bowed slightly, and then asked cautiously: "There are twelve German power researchers in the Royal Academy of Sciences, and most of the power researchers hired this time are also Germans?" ”

"About half of the Germans were left, and the rest were Austro-Hungarians, French, and an American."

Li Mingyuan recalled the list of high-paying hires this time, and said with a smile: "I remember a wrong person, Tesla is not naturalized in the United States, and he should be a Serb-born Austro-Crarian now, strictly speaking." ”

In his last life, as a science and engineering man, it is impossible not to have heard of Tesla's name.

In the period from the late 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, Tesla was arguably one of the most accomplished scientists.

Throughout his life, he built the largest alternating current hydroelectric power station in the United States, and successively invented radio remote control technology, X-ray (X-Ray) photography technology, radio, radar, fax machine, vacuum tube, neon tube, missile navigation and other hundreds of far-reaching scientific and technological technologies, and obtained about 1,000 patented inventions, but these did not make him have a lot of money, but often fell into the dilemma of financial constraints.

As early as 1880, the Han side sent personnel to contact Tesla, but due to the malicious smear of the Han government by Western public opinion, and Tesla's own obsession with scientific research and development technology, the persuasion action has not made progress.

In 1880, Tesla was still a little-known person, and it was not difficult to forcibly tie him to South America with the methods of the Han side, but a Tesla who was forcibly tied up and unwilling to cooperate could not help the scientific and technological research and development of the Han Kingdom, so according to the instructions of the local government, the persuasion of Tesla has been carried out in a gentle way.

In 1888, the long-term deployment of Tesla was finally successful, and under the covert provocation and influence of the Han side, Tesla's relationship with its American counterparts came to the brink of rupture.

In February 1888, Edison bribed certain government officials to take Tesla to jail on suspicion of illegal competition.

In April 1888, Tesla Electric Company was shut down, and although Tesla himself was released, he also lost all his assets in the United States.

In January, after being completely disappointed by the despicable behavior of his American counterparts, especially his former employer Edison, Tesla, who was penniless and ostracized, reluctantly agreed to the invitation of the Han side and agreed to engage in scientific research in South America.

Although the means are a bit unbright, as long as the tasks assigned by the local government can be completed, not to mention just using some small means secretly, it is some more drastic methods, and those intelligence personnel stationed in the United States will also try.