Zeng Ying was born as a military attache in the military household, and has always served in the Sichuan army, although he went to Nanjing to attend cram school, but he did not pay attention to the new official system of the Ming Dynasty, so when he heard Ruan Dacheng say this, he didn't know if it was right or not, so he had to use his eyes to ask his old superior, Ma Shiying, for a solution.

Ma Shiying said: "Yanhou, you don't know, now the imperial court implements the integration of officials. The career of civil officials usually starts from the state and county officials of Jiupin, and the ways to enter the official are recommendation, as well as the imperial examination, and the imperial examination is the mainstay. Those who take the imperial examination are the first examination of the state government and the re-examination of the ministry. If you pass the two tests, you will have an official license, and if you re-test in the ministry, you will be assigned to the yamen of the imperial court to be a small official with a sesame seed. If the re-examination is in the court (province), then the local officials, a few in the province and the government directly under the yamen to be officials, most of them sent to the county government or the state government, starting from the smallest officials. Once a year, once a year, once every three years, there are also inspections of various prefectures (Zhili Prefecture) behind the imperial history to find trouble at any time...... According to His Majesty's assumption, in the future, the parents of a county (prefecture) will be promoted by the county officials through layers of assessment. Counties (prefectures) and above, unless there is a special purpose, must be appointed outside.

The local administration is based on the county (subordinate prefecture), with the prefecture (Zhili Prefecture) supervising the county (subordinate prefecture) and the provincial governor's office (Zhili Prefecture), so that the supervision at all levels, the level of assessment, and then the establishment of the quota of promotion and retrenchment, so that the upper and lower mobility, so that the capable officials can be promoted, and the incompetent officials can be demoted. At the same time, the imperial history system was used to supervise the corruption and investigate corruption, and the Jinyi Wei Nanya was used to arrest the unministers.

That is to say, now that I am the official of the Ming Dynasty, it is easy to get an official, it is difficult to be promoted, and it is also difficult to protect an official......"

Ruan Dacheng compensated: "If you can learn from Zhongtai, it will be easier, after three years of study, you can directly enter the Hanlin Academy, and you can also serve as a scholar."

In addition, those who were born in the Beijing School can also serve as the counterpart of the trick officer, and there are many trick officers in the Ministry of Industry, the Criminal Department, the Metropolitan Procuratorate, the Dali Temple, the Household Department, etc. However, it is difficult for scholars and tricks to be appointed to other positions, unless there is a special order of the Son of Heaven. ”

After nearly ten years of reform and adjustment, the official system and imperial examination system of the Ming Dynasty have been changed beyond recognition by Emperor Zhu. The imperial examination system can even be said to exist in name only! Because the Taixue exam is extremely difficult, and after being admitted to Taixue, you have to study in Taixue for three or four years before you can be awarded an official position. But the chances of Dian Hanlin are very slim, and most of them will be sent to serve as scholars, although there are many grades and salaries, but it is difficult for him to take up other positions. It can't be compared with the original Jinshi background at all.

And those who are born in "lifting people", that is, those who are born in "two examinations in ministries and courts", although the way out is wider, they all start from the lowest level of officials, and they are actually the original officials. Because of the large number of officials, so the door to enter the office is relatively large, but it is difficult to be promoted, and there is a fatal "elimination quota" staring, if you fail the assessment for three consecutive years, then you will face demotion or elimination - whether it is demoted or eliminated depends on the size of the official position, and the small officials cannot be demoted, then they will be directly eliminated!

Of course, this kind of system of promotion, demotion, and elimination also has advantages and disadvantages for officials...... After all, the officials above can't be demoted, and the people below are not easy to be promoted!

And if the officials can't be eliminated, then there will be fewer opportunities for newcomers to join the ranks every year?

In addition, the heroes who overcome difficulties cannot pass the assessment and are eliminated, and a guarantor will be given according to the size of the merit. That is, if you really fail the exam, you will arrange an idle errand to raise. If the credit is great, the guarantor will be great, and if the credit is small, the guarantor will be small.

In short, Emperor Zhu's court wanted to kick out unqualified officials as much as possible and promote officials who could do things. Most of those high-ranking officials who can rise from a large number of small officials to the county magistrates, and then stand out from a large number of county officials or county-level officials, and rank in the state capital, have a few brushes, and their ethics are also passable...... At least you can't let those family raiders grab the handle!

Ruan Dacheng said: "This set of examiners, promotions, and layoffs will not be implemented in the land of Xinfu, at present, it is most of the four rivers and two lakes, Fujian and Guangdong, plus a large part of Guangxi, and most of Shandong." ”

"What about other places?" Zeng Ying asked, "For example, how did the newly restored Henan do it?" ”

"Of course, it is mainly the promotion of the county," Ruan Dacheng said, "it is the exiled Henan nobles, officials, and gentry who are recruited from among the exiled Henan scholars, some of whom are promoted and some who are admitted."

And the governors, governors, admirals and other ministers have great power in personnel...... One is guaranteed, and the other two have no objections, and the county magistrate has it!

As for the prefect and the prefecture (Zhili Prefecture), they were appointed by the imperial court. Governor Zeng, you have the right not to use it, and it will be invalid if it expires! ”

At the same time, Zhu Cihong was summoning the incoming Henan governor Li Yan, Hebei governor Lu Zhenfei, Shanxi governor Li Jiantai, Shaanxi governor Zhang Tongchang and others in Laoshan Palace.

Except for Zhang Juzheng's grandson Zhang Tongchang, who was a Hubei national, he became an official governor in Shaanxi, the other three governors were all local officials - such an arrangement is not the norm above the state capital, let alone the governor level.

The reason why Zhu Cihong let Li Yan, Lu Zhenfei, and Li Jiantai serve as governors of this province is to let these three people take the lead and pull up the bureaucratic contingent in Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi.

Those who can go to these three fallen provinces to serve as officials, of course, are all "returning to their hometowns"!

"Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi have been under siege for many years, and Dongyu has enclosed land and Juntian, so all the relationships between the original and local areas are not very clear, and I don't want to figure it out...... Do you understand? ”

Zhu Cihong is still talking about the land issue!

Henan, Hebei, and Shanxi are not Sichuan, the country of abundance, after all, and Emperor Zhu is ready to bear long-term losses!

However, the silver of the Ming Dynasty cannot be "burned" in vain, and the three provinces of Henan, Hebei and Shanxi must be "burned" into a territory that the Ming court can firmly control.

To achieve this goal, there is only one key, that is, to properly handle the land contradiction...... Because of years of turmoil in these three provinces and the Qing Dynasty's enclosure of land, the land conflict has actually eased. Now that the Ming Dynasty is going to take over, we can't let this contradiction arise again in the short term.

Of course, land annexation is irrepressible in the long run – as long as there is market competition in agriculture, there will be people who succeed and people who will fail. There is no business where everybody can succeed...... This can't be done! Therefore, the only way to truly curb mergers is to suppress commercial activities with strict policies, as in Dashun.

That is, not to make people rich!

But capitalism in the southeast of the Ming Dynasty has begun to run wildly, and Emperor Zhu has no way to turn back......

What he can do now is not to let the fruits of the Qing Dynasty's land reform be lost immediately.

"The minister understands His Majesty's painstaking efforts!" Li Yan understands Emperor Zhu's thoughts best, otherwise he would not have changed from a military advisor to the governor of Henan, "As long as the ministers are in Henan for a day, they will not let those small people who have all been in the fields lose their fields again." ”

"But they can't be allowed to get land for free," Zhu said, "and the land that goes out cannot be registered as private land, but only public land, and it must be banned from circulation...... As for the land encircled by the banner people, it cannot be returned to the original owner, and it is first controlled by the Tuntian Division and used to reward meritorious service. When the customs are completely settled, they will all be rewarded, and I will not leave a single acre. ”

"Your Majesty," Li Jiantai asked with a frown, "what about the gentry who have lost their land and have no merit?" Some people can hold the land deed issued by the imperial court, and they can't help but admit it! ”

"We can refer to Hubei's approach." Zhu Cihong paused, and said, "If you have a land deed, the court will make up for them, and if you don't have it, forget it." As for Hebei...... It was originally Beizhili, and there were many noble granges and road governors, and these lands had to be firmly controlled and awaited the unified distribution of the imperial court. All the nobles who followed the court to the south, I still have to give them an explanation, so I will compensate them with 20 million mu, no more. ”