Half a month later, the dust finally settled. Cheng Jiao was surrounded by Wang Jian and knew that he could not escape and killed himself. Fan Yuzhi escaped alone and disappeared! The soldiers who participated in the rebellion moved to Jiuquan and became the people of Jiao's fiefdom to Shu! Tens of thousands of people who were convicted were stunned for a while.

Wei Zhe returned to the court, and because of his merits, he won the position of national captain, and he can often accompany the king to give advice! Liu Ji is still Wei Zhe's follower, and under Wei Zhe's strict supervision, he holds the book and reads hard!

The courtiers were all happy, but Yingzheng was in distress.

Life seems to have returned to the way it used to be, Lü Buwei still controls the government, and the Queen Mother has not returned the jade seal.

"What do they want to do?"

"Do you want the widow to be the clay puppet King Qin for the rest of his life?"

Ying Zheng roared and galloped twice, and behind him, Li Xin and Xin Sheng silently followed. It wasn't until he was tired of running that Ying Zheng jumped off the horse, and his mood was much calmer.

"Actually, what does the widow want to do! He wants to be Zhou Gong! But I thought no! ”

Li Xin asked, "Why not?" ”

Ying Zheng said: "Without him, it varies from time to time!" ”

Li Xin experienced it carefully, and couldn't help but recall the matter of Zhou Gong!

The Duke of Zhou assisted King Wu to set the Zhou Dynasty, and he made countless achievements in his life, which can be called a legend!

His life's exploits are summarized in the "Shangshu Great Biography" as: "One year to save the chaos, two years to conquer Yin, three years to practice the dying, four years to build the Hou Wei, five years to camp into the Zhou, six years to make the ritual music, seven years to become the king."

Salvation refers to the events of King Wen of Zhou. At the beginning, Ji Chang won the trust of Emperor Xin, the king of Shang, and King Yin gave Ji Chang a bow and axe, and had the right to conquer. Ji Chang died in seven years, Ji Fa ascended the throne, and Ji Chang ordered Jiang Shang to be the national teacher, with Zhou Gongdan as the auxiliary minister. At that time, the Zhou people were fighting against the declining Great Shang Dynasty, and after the death of King Wen, the two were ordered to assist King Wu to stabilize the situation, in order to save the chaos!

King Wu ascended the throne, Meng Jin watched the army, and the princes of the world were assembled. This is a general exercise before the offensive, and it is also a kind of temptation. In December of the second year after observing the army, King Wu, with the help of Zhou Gong and others, led 300 chariots, 3,000 tigers, and 45,000 armor soldiers to cross Mengjin. In the early morning of February 1027 BC, King Wu gathered people in Muye on the outskirts of Shang to swear an oath, and the oath was the "Pastoral Oath" in the "Book of Shang".

The king sent troops to resist, but the army turned the spearhead and rushed back to kill, and the army was defeated. The king ascended the deer platform and set himself on fire and died. The next day, the Duke of Zhou took the big Yue and summoned the Duke to take the small Yue, around King Wu, announced the crime of King Zhou to Heaven and Yin Min, officially announced the destruction of the Yin Dynasty, and the Zhou Dynasty replaced him, and King Wu was the Son of Heaven. At this time, the status of the Duke of Zhou was second only to King Wu, and the Da Yue of the Duke of Zhou was a symbol of power.

After the destruction of the Yin Shang, on the question of how to deal with the remnants of the Yin Shang and the upper nobles, King Wu divided the place directly ruled by the Shang Dynasty into three parts, and Shao was in charge of Wu Genglu, the son of the king of Zhou. Wei is in charge of Cai Shudu, and Yong is in charge of Guan Shuxian, known as the "Three Eunuchs" in history (some say that Uncle Guan, Uncle Cai, and Uncle Huo are called the "Three Eunuchs"). But Uncle Huo is one of the "three eunuchs", and "Historical Records" and "Book of Han" are not included). Uncle Guan's fief is in Guan, and Uncle Cai's fief is in Cai. Feng Zhougong's son Bo Yu is dying. Feng Taigong looked at the camp hill. Summoned to the public to be honored by Yan.

King Wu died two years after destroying Shang, and King Cheng was young and still in infancy. The Duke of Zhou was afraid that the people of the world would betray the court when they heard about the death of King Wu, so he ascended the throne to handle government affairs on behalf of King Cheng and presided over the power of the country. Uncle Guan and his younger brothers spread rumors in the country, saying, "The Duke of Zhou will be unfavorable to King Cheng." The Duke of Zhou told Taigong Wang and Zhao Gong 奭 (shì, style) and said: "King Wu died early, and King Cheng was young, and I only did this in order to complete the great cause of stabilizing the Zhou Dynasty." In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou assisted the Son of Heaven Zhou Chengwang to conquer the Eastern Expedition to destroy the Xianguo with Wu Geng's rebellion, and divided the eldest son of the Duke of Zhou Bo Yu in the homeland of the Xianguo Kingdom, and established the Lu State with the title of "Lu" in the fief of the early Zhou Dynasty, with the capital of Qufu and the territory south of Mount Tai, now the south of Shandong Province.

At that time, the Western Zhou Dynasty was very unstable, and Zhou Gongdan and Zhao Gongzheng decided to divide and rule. "Shaanxi" is the area of Sanmenxia today, "Shuijing Note" says that it is the area of the old Shaanzhou City (Shaanxi Mo), and "Gudi Zhi" says that it refers to Shaanxi Yuan (now Sanmenxia Shaanxi County Zhang Bianyuan). In that year, Zhou and Zhao Ergong agreed to chisel a stone pillar with a height of 3.5 meters and planted it at the boundary point, which was called "the pillar is the boundary". The Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Zhao took "Shaanxi" as the dividing line, and divided the rule of the Zhou Dynasty into two administrative regions, the east of Shaanxi, and the Duke of Zhao managed the west of Shaanxi (the name of Shaanxi, that is, the origin of this). This stone pillar, planted at the boundary point that year, is the earliest boundary stone in China.

After Zhou Zhao divided Shaanxi, Zhou Gongdan could devote his main energy to preventing the rebellion of the remnants of the Yin Shang and stabilizing the newly expanded territory in the east; The responsibility of Zhao Gongxiu is to further develop agricultural production in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, establish a consolidated economic rear, and relieve the worries of the Zhou Dynasty to further expand its territory.

Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai colluded with Wu Geng, the son of King Zhou, and united with the Dongyi tribe to rebel against the Zhou Dynasty. Zhou Gongnai was ordered by King Cheng to raise troops to the east and wrote the "Great Message". Duke Zhou successfully quelled the rebellion of the three eunuchs, beheaded Uncle Guan, killed Wu Geng, and exiled Uncle Cai. Ambush the remnants of Yin, seal Uncle Kang in Wei, seal Weizi in Song, and let him perform Yin's sacrifice. After the Duke of Zhou fought against Cai, he took advantage of the victory to march to the east, destroyed more than 50 countries including Xian (now Qufu, Shandong), and drove Fei Lian to the sea to kill him. From this week, the power extended to the seaside. The pacification of Huaiyi and other areas in the east was completed in two years. The princes were all Shun Zhou Dynasty.

King Wu conquered Shang only to strike at the core of the Shang Dynasty, and it was not until the Eastern Expedition of the Duke of Zhou that it cleared its peripheral forces. Although there were about 50 countries destroyed during the three-year crusade, the consolidation and expansion of the occupied territories was still after the division of the same surname. After the Eastern Crusade, the Zhou people were no longer the "small state Zhou" in the west, but became a great country with the sea in the east, the Huai River valley in the south, and Liaodong in the north. The Zhou Gongdong sign swept the lower reaches of the river in a torrential manner, stirring up the pattern of the original ethnic tribes. Part of the state of Xu fled to Jiangnan (present-day Jiangxi); A part of the Dongyi was driven to the Huai River valley; The surname Ying moved westward; The state of Chu fled to the Danshui Valley. This led to the great migration and integration of ethnic groups. The battle of the Eastern Crusade was cruel and fierce, and the soldiers followed the Zhou Gong Eastern Expedition, and the axes cut out the gaps, even though they suffered from the battle, they were still very lucky to be alive. The soldiers of the Eastern Crusade missed their hometown, and once they returned to the field, their hearts were filled with all kinds of reveries. It is no longer a situation of internal and external difficulties, and the situation of "being shaken by the wind and rain, and being only sounded" before the battle.

After Zhou Gongdan put down the rebellion, in order to strengthen his control over the east, he officially suggested that King Cheng of Zhou move the capital to Luoyi (now Luoyang) in Chengzhou. At the same time, a large number of Shang Dynasty nobles captured in the war, namely the "Yin Stubborn People", were relocated to Luo

Luoyang Zhou Gong Temple murals: Zhou Gong sealed

Luoyang Zhou Gong Temple murals: Zhou Gong sealed

Yi, sent Zhaogong to garrison the Eighth Division in Luoyi to strengthen supervision over them. How to rule the conquered areas is a big problem after the victory of the war, the Yin people destroyed the Xia, the Zhou people destroyed the Yin, all of which were caused by the destruction of the surrounding feudal states of the Gongwei capital, such as Wei, Gu, and Kunwu at the end of the summer were all princes with different surnames, "Wei, Gu Jihua, Kunwu Xiaji". At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Li, Yu, Chong, etc. were the defenders of the western Shang Dynasty, and after King Wen of Zhou was destroyed, King Wu could drive straight into the Muye near the Shang capital to exterminate the Emperor. The rebellion of Wu Geng, Xianguo and Huaiyi showed that the old clan leaders could no longer be used in important areas, and the most reliable members of the Zhou clan must be divided into the periphery of the national capital to defend the royal capital, which is essentially different from the division of the Wuwang period.

After the establishment of the capital Luoyi, Zhou Gongdan began to implement the policy of feudal statehood. He successively established 71 feudal states, and sent 15 brothers and 16 meritorious heroes of King Wu to the feudal kingdom to be princes, as a screen vassal to defend the royal family. In addition, the well-field system was widely implemented in the feudal country, and the land was planned in a unified manner, which consolidated and strengthened the economic foundation of the Zhou Dynasty.

Zhou Gongdan appointed his younger brother Uncle Kang as the monarch and ordered him to garrison the old Shang market to manage the remnants of the Shang Dynasty there. It was given to him the seven clans of the Yin people: the Tao clan, the Shi clan, the Fan clan, the Fan clan, the Hunger clan, and the Zhongkui clan, most of which were clans with some kind of handicraft expertise. Uncle Kang's fief was not only large, but also had eight divisions to prevent Yin Min's rebellion again. Jiang Taigong was originally named the Marquis of Qi, and Duyingqiu (now Linzibei, Shandong). The land that the Duke of Zhou asked Zhao Gong to give to the Taigong was "east to the sea, west to the river, south to Muling, and north to Wudi." At the same time, it also has the privilege of expropriating and exclusively, "Five marquis and nine uncles, and they can really be levied." "There are many small countries near Yingqiu, and when the Taigong was sealed, the Dongyi Lai people fought with him for land. The state of Qi successively destroyed these small states and became a large country in the east. Zhou's surname Zhao Gong was sealed to Yan, and the eldest son of Zhao Gong was sealed after the rebellion, and the capital was built in Ji (now Beijing). Yan was the barrier to the northeast of the Zhou Dynasty. Its establishment can cut off the connection between the old Yin Shang clan and his northern Guzhu country with the same surname, and it can also get close to the Sushen tribe in the Songhua River, Heilongjiang River, and Liaohe River. Su Shen was originally a distant vassal state of Zhou. Many Shang and Zhou bronzes have been found in Beijing and southern Liaoning. It was confirmed that Yan at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty indeed ruled over the vast territory of the north.

In the rebellion of the three prisons, Weizi did not participate. After Zhou Pingping's rebellion, he ordered him to represent the descendants of the Yin people, enshrine the ancestors of Yin, and establish the state in the Song (now Shangqiu, Henan), and later the Song became a famous power. To the west of the Song Dynasty there was the surname Qi Guo (a descendant of Xia Yu, now Qi County, Henan), in the southwest there was Chen (a descendant of Yu Shun, now Huaiyang, Henan), and there were some small states in the north. The Song was surrounded by various countries.

In addition to the above-mentioned countries, the Duke of Zhou also divided a large number of countries with the same surname and countries with different surnames. According to the record of "Xunzi Confucianism", the Duke of Zhou "established seventy-one countries, and the surname Ji lived alone fifty-three people. In the twenty-fourth year of the reign of Duke Zhou, Fu Liang said, "The second uncle of the second uncle of the Duke of Zhou is not salty, so the feudal relatives are the feudal relatives of Zhou." Guan, Cai, Cheng, Huo, Lu, Wei, Mao, Dan, Gao, Yong, Cao, Teng, Bi, Yuan, Xu, Xun, Wen Zhizhao. Han, Jin, Ying, Han, Wu Zhimu also. Fan, Jiang, Xing, Mao, Xuan, sacrifice, Zhou Gong's Yin. It can be seen that there are many large and small countries that are divided into Zhou centimeters.

According to He Zun's inscription, after King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang, because the capital was westerly, he could not control the eastern region where the old Yin Shang clan was widely distributed, so he proposed it in the world

The layout of the Zhou Wangcheng in the "Three Rites Map".

The layout of the Zhou Wangcheng in the "Three Rites Map".

The idea of building a capital in the center, King Wu also couldn't sleep at night for this, and sighed to Zhou Gong: "I haven't decided on the heavens, why don't I sleep!". In order to consolidate the new regime, King Wu of Zhou once inspected the "residence of Xia" in the area of Yi and Luo Ershui, and prepared to build a new capital here, but he died and left before it could be fully implemented. After the second reign of the Duke of Zhou, the development of the vast territory in the east urgently required the eastward shift of the center of gravity of the rule. Zhou Gong adhering to the will of King Wu, built Luoyi, after the Eastern Expedition to quell the rebellion, this matter is more urgent, call the Duke to go to the Xiangdi Bu Mansion first, "Zhou Gong Fu Bu Shen Shi, pawn camp building, live in Jiudingyan." Said: In this world, the Quartet pays tribute, and the Tao is even. “

Luoyi is located in the center of the Yiluo Basin where Yishui and Luoshui flow, the terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, looking at Longmen Mountain in the south, leaning on the Pishan Mountain in the north, surrounded by mountains, and the terrain is dangerous. The four rivers of Yi, Luo, Xiao and Jian converge in the meantime. According to the choke point of the east-west traffic. Descend the river to reach the hometown of the Yin people. Shunluo water, up to Qi, Lu. There are Ru and Yinger water in the south, and you can reach Xuyi and Huaiyi. The Yiluo Basin is indeed a good place to build a capital.

In the fifth year of the reign of the Duke of Zhou, the large-scale construction of Zhou Luoyi officially began. On the fifth day of the first month of March, Zhao Gong first came to Luoyi, and after divination, the city site was determined at the intersection of Jianshui and Luoshui, and then planned the specific location of the city outline, Zongmiao, Chao and City, and the planning was successful on May 11. The next day, Zhou Gong came to Luoyi, inspected the Xinyi plan comprehensively, re-divined, and showed that the west of the river and the east of the Jianshui, the construction of the new capital on the shore of Luoshui. There is also a concise description of the process of Zhou Gongying building Luoyi in the "Book of Shang": according to the "Book of Calling": one day in February 1039 BC, King Cheng of Zhou sent the Taibao Zhaogong to Luoyi to survey the base of the capital, which was called "Xiangzhai". On March 5, Zhao Gong arrived in Luoyi, and officially laid the foundation stone after receiving the auspicious omen through the "Bu Zhai". On March 12 of the same year, Duke Zhou came to Luoyi. On the 21st, after a grand sacrificial ceremony, he issued an order to the nobles of Yin Shang and the leaders of the vassal states to build Luoyi. Since then, the prelude to the large-scale construction of the "Dayi Week" has been unveiled.

Luoyi, which was built under the auspices of the Duke of Zhou, was called "Chengzhou" or "Xinyi", etc., and was a large-scale capital. "Zuo Interpretation" describes: "Horifang is 1,702 zhang, and Yingfang is 77 li. I thought that the world was a big deal", "set up Qiu Zhao in the southern suburbs, and built a large shrine in the middle of the country". The main buildings in the city are the Taimiao, Zongmiao (Wenwang Temple), Kao Palace (Wuwang Temple), Lu Bed, Mingtang and other "five palaces". The architectural structures of these palaces and temples are all "four A, anti-kun, heavy Kang, Chonglang, and Chang."

Luoyang Zhou Gong Temple Zhou Gong built Luoyi murals

Luoyang Zhou Gong Temple Zhou Gong built Luoyi murals

tired, complex, algae tax, set up, travel, painting brigade" and other styles, there are also different passages in the city, such as "inner steps, Xuan steps, embankments, Yingmen, Kutai, Xuanqian" and so on. It took about a year to build. Therefore, the original Hubei is in the place, and there is Jiashan in the north, so it is also called "Jiajia". The new capital is the residence of the king of Zhou, and it is also called "Wangcheng". In the eastern suburbs of Xinyi, the residence of Yin people east of Xiaoshui is called "Chengzhou".

According to "Shangshu Luohe": "In December of that year, Luoyi was initially completed. The Zhou Dynasty held a grand celebration ceremony. The Duke of Zhou led the hundred officials to familiarize them with the etiquette in the old capital, and then followed the king to Xinyi. King Zhou Cheng began to receive the princes with Yin rites in Xinyi, and sacrificed to King Wen in Luoyi, the new capital, and these rituals were very grand and orderly.

After the completion of Luoyi in Zhou, the Duke of Zhou summoned the princes of the world to hold a grand celebration. It was here that the princes of the world were officially canonized, and various rules and regulations were announced to plan the long-term stability of the Zhou Dynasty.

According to "Shangshu Dachuan Kang Hao": "Zhou Gong lived for three years, made ceremonies for music, Zhou Gong will make ceremonial music, and you can't do it for three years, and the gentleman is ashamed of his words and does not follow, and he is ashamed of his deeds and does not follow." will be a masterpiece, I am afraid that the world will not know anything. Will be small, I am afraid that I will not be able to promote the merits of my father and ancestors, and then camp Luo, in order to observe the heart of the world, so the princes of the Quartet led their groups of parties, each attacking their courts. Zhou Gong said: 'Show it with force, and still come, and guide it with etiquette?', and then dare to make ceremonial music. “

During the regency of the Duke of Zhou, on the basis of inheriting the "Wan" dance, he presided over the production of the martial dance "Xiang", which praised the martial arts of King Wu, and the cultural dance "Drink", which expressed the division of duties and rule of Zhou Gong and Zhaogong, which were collectively known as "Dawu"; In the seventh year of Luoyi, in order to worship King Wen, Zhou Gong presided over the traditional "Elephant" dance with new poems, and produced the "Elephant" dance that showed King Wen's martial arts.

"Li" emphasizes "don't", that is, the so-called "respect"; The function of "music" is "harmony", that is, the so-called "kissing". Differences and harmony are the two aspects of consolidating the unity within the Zhou people. The central issue to be solved by the rites is the distinction between the noble and the low, that is, the patriarchal system, and further the establishment of the inheritance system. Due to the lack of a strict inheritance system, although the Duke of Zhou can be called the "King of Xian", Guan and Cai can also betray the royal family because of the struggle for the throne. Xiaobang Zhou can't help but consider the lessons of Dabangyin, not to mention that Duke Zhou knows Xia Yin's history well. Judging from the limited number of ancestors and brothers, the Yin Dynasty was divided into concubines, and the sons were valued by the mother. Yin is the coexistence of the younger brother and the younger son, which led to the "Ninth Rebellion". After all, the younger brother must pass on the son, which is originally the law of biology. There is a contradiction between passing on the son and the younger brother, passing on the young and passing on the virtuous. There is a contradiction between the son of the younger brother and the son of the younger brother. The existence of these contradictions often leads to royal disputes, which in turn lead to the decline of royal power, and the state will not be long in coming. After the Yin Dynasty from Kangding, after Wuyi, Wending, Diyi, and Dixin, the system of passing on the younger brother was obviously abolished and the system of passing on the son was established. From the patriarchal system, it is inevitable to deduce the strict etiquette law of maintaining the hierarchy of the father's respect for the son, the brother's respect for the brother, the respect for the Son of Heaven, and the humility of the princes. This ritual is the externalization of subordination. In turn, it played a role in consolidating the patriarchal system, and its purpose was to maintain the patriarchal system and maintain the rule of Zhou Tianzi. If Zhou Tianzi can grant the people and the territory, it must be based on the premise that the land is owned by the state. "Under the world, it is not the king's land, and the shore of the land is not the king's minister." ("The Book of Songs, Xiaoya, Beishan") is not fiction in the era when Zhou Gongwen's martial arts were at their peak. This leads to the "no suffocation in the field"; Land is not allowed to be bought and sold, and I am afraid it is also from Zhou Gong. The Duke of Zhou was able to grant Jiang Taigong the privilege of exclusivity, so the "Lile Conquest from the Son of Heaven" was probably established in the era of the Duke of Zhou or earlier and was enshrined by the Duke of Zhou. In order to strengthen the central dynasty's rule over the localities, the systems of canonization, hunting, pilgrimage, and tribute were also likely determined by the Duke of Zhou on the basis of summarizing the experience of the previous generations.