King of the Southern Tang Dynasty and Second Emperor Li Jing (I)
Li Jing, whose name is Boyu, was originally named Li Jingtong, a native of Xuzhou (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), the eldest son of Li Yu, the ancestor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the mother of the Empress Yuanjing of the Song family. Li Jing's father, Li Yu, was originally the adopted son of Xu Wen, a powerful minister of Southern Wu. Li Jing first served as the driving department, and later was promoted to the general of Zhuwei. After Xu Wen's death, Li Yu was the dictatorship, with Li Jing as the secretary of the military department and the governor of the political affairs. In the first year of Tianzuo (935), Li Yu was named the king of Qi and made Li Jing the crown prince. In the second year of Tianzuo (936), Li Yu guarded Jinling (now Nanjing), leaving Li Jing as Situ and Tongping Zhangshi, and Song Qiqiu and Wang Lingmou in Guangling, jointly assisting Yang Pu, Emperor Rui of Southern Wu. When Li Yu wanted to usurp the throne, he summoned Li Jing back to Jinling as the deputy capital. In the first year of Shengyuan (937), Li Yu deposed Yang Pu, established himself as emperor, established the Southern Tang Dynasty, named Li Jing as the king of Wu, and later named the king of Qi. In August of the fourth year of his reign (940), he was made the crown prince.
In the seventh year of Shengyuan (943), Li Yu died, and Li Jing succeeded to the throne and changed the era name to Baoda. Respect her mother Song as the queen mother, and concubine Zhong as the queen. Li Jingsui, the king of Shou, was the king of Yan, and Li Jingda, the king of Xuancheng, was the king of E. In the autumn of the same year, Li Jingsui was renamed the King of Qi, the Marshal of the Soldiers and Horses of Zhudao, the Tai Lieutenant, and the Zhongshu Order, and Li Jingda was the King of Yan and the Deputy Marshal. Feng his son Li Hongji was the king of Nanchang and the capital of Jiang.
In October of the first year of Baoda (943), he defeated Zhang Yuxian, a demon thief in Qianzhou. Zhang Yuxian is a minor official in Boluo County, Xunzhou. According to the "History of the New Five Dynasties", at the beginning, a god descended to a common people's house in Boluo County, predicting blessings and misfortunes for others. Zhang Yuxian prayed to God, and God said, "Zhang Yuxian is an Arhat, you can stay and serve me." At this time, the Southern Han Emperor Liu Yan died, his son Liu Juegang succeeded to the throne, Lingnan thieves uprising, there were more than 1,000 people, there was no commander, asked God, who should be the master, God said Zhang Yuxian can, so they recommended Zhang Yuxian as the commander. Zhang Yuxian called himself the eighth king of Zhongtian, changed the Yuan Yongle, set up official subordinates, and the subordinates all wore red clothes, attacked the outside of the ridge, and asked God where he should go, and God said: "You should cross the ridge to capture Qianzhou." So he attacked Nankang, and Jia Hao couldn't resist. Zhang Yuxian occupied Baiyun Cave and built a palace, with more than 100,000 people, and captured various counties one after another. Li Jing sent the Hongzhou battalion to wait for Yan Si and the general secretary to lead the army to attack. Zhang Yuxian asked God, God stopped talking, and the people were afraid, so Zhang Yuxian was captured and surrendered.
Li Jing took Feng Yansi and Chang Mengxi as Hanlin scholars, Feng Yanlu as Zhongshu Sheren, Chen Jue as privy envoys, and Wei Cen and Cha Wenhui as deputy envoys. Chang Mengxi was on duty in the Xuanzheng Palace, specializing in the secret order, while Feng Yansi and others were all treacherous and dictatorial, and the Southern Tang Dynasty called them the "Five Ghosts". Chang Mengxi repeatedly said that these five people could not be used, but Li Jing did not accept it. In December, Li Jing ordered the Chinese and foreign ministers to be entrusted to Li Jingsui, the king of Qi, to participate in the decision, and only Chen Jue and Cha Wenhui could perform the matter, and those who were not summoned were not allowed to enter. gave Xiao Yan a blunt advice in the matter, and was not reported. The guards waited for Jia Chong to go to the inner room to see Li Jing, and said: "The ministers have served the first emperor for thirty years, and they know that the reason why the first emperor has achieved great deeds is that they all use the advice of the sages, so they are connected and estranged, and they have not been blocked, but there are still things that cannot be reached." Now that Your Majesty has just ascended the throne, who is it that you trust? Why was he immediately cut off from his subordinates? A hundred years old is dying, I'm afraid I won't be able to see you again. So he wept and wept, and Li Jing was moved by it, led him to sit with him, gave him food and comfort, and stopped the command.
In February of the second year of Baoda (944), Zhu Wenjin killed his king Yanxi, and Zhu Wenjin established himself as king. At this time, Wang Yanxi's younger brother Wang Yanzheng also established himself in Jianzhou, and the country was called Yin. The Wang brothers fought against each other and used troops for many years, which led to the chaos of Fujian, and Li Jing took advantage of the chaos to send Zha Wenhui and Zang Xun to attack Jianzhou. When Wang Yanzheng heard that the Southern Tang Dynasty was going to attack, he sent someone to deceive the Fuzhou guard and said, "Nan** will help me to conquer the traitors." The people of Fuzhou guarded his words, and in the third year of Baoda (945), they jointly killed Zhu Wenjin and others and surrendered to Wang Yanzheng, Wang Yanzheng restored the country name as "Da Min", and sent his nephew Wang Jichang to guard Fuzhou. Cha Wenhui stationed troops in Jianyang, Fuzhou guard general Li Renda killed Wang Jichang and claimed to stay behind, Quanzhou guard general stayed in the army and assassinated Shi Huang Shaopo, and sent money and goods to Cha Wenhui.
In August of the fourth year of Baoda (946), Cha Wenhui took advantage of the victory to conquer the four prefectures of Jian, Ting, Quan, and Zhang, Wang Yanzheng was defeated, and the Fujian State was destroyed. Li Jing divided the three counties of Yanping, Jianpu and Fusha, set up Jianzhou, and moved the Yanzheng family to Jinling. Wang Yanzheng was the envoy of the Raozhou Festival, Li Renda was the envoy of the Fuzhou Festival, and Liucongxiao was the envoy of the Qingyuan Army.
Although the Southern Tang Dynasty destroyed the Fujian Kingdom, it did not completely rule the Fujian land, and the remnants of the forces were still there. Li Jing wanted to withdraw his troops after destroying the Fujian Kingdom, but Cha Wenhui, Chen Jue, and others all said: "Li Renda and the rest of the sins are still there, so it is better to take advantage of the victory to capture them all." Chen Jue himself said that he could recruit Li Renda and others without a single soldier. Li Jing took Chen Jue as a proclamatory envoy and summoned Li Ren to Jinling to meet him, but Li Renda did not obey his orders. Chen Jue was very ashamed, returned to Jianzhou, and pretended to be ordered by Li Jing to send Ting, Jian, Xin, and Fuzhou troops to attack Li Renda. At that time, Wei Cen pacified Zhang and Quanzhou, and when he heard that Chen Jue had raised troops, he also sent troops to meet Chen Jue without authorization. Li Jing was furious, and Feng Yansi and others said: "The army has already moved and cannot be stopped." So with Wang Chongwen as the envoy and Wang Jianfeng as the deputy envoy, the troops were increased to meet Chen Jue and Wei Cen, and Feng Yanlu, Wei Cen, and Chen Jue were the supervising envoys. Li Renda sent money and goods to Wu Yue, and Wu Yue responded to Li Renda with 30,000 soldiers. Chen Jue and others fought for merit, and the advance and retreat did not echo each other, Feng Yanlu and Wu Yue's army fought first, and fled in defeat, and all the armies were defeated and returned. Li Jing was very angry and sent envoys to lock Chen Jue and Feng Yanlu to Jinling. And Feng Yansi was the prime minister, and Song Qiqiu was summoned as a prince from Jiuhua Mountain, and they all interceded for them, so they exiled Chen Jue to Qizhou and Feng Yanlu to Shuzhou. Han Xizai wrote a book and bluntly admonished Chen Jue and others, Song Qiqiu hated it very much, and belittled Han Xizai as Sima of Hezhou. In the same year, the Khitan captured the Beijing Division, and the Central Plains had no owner, and Li Jing was tired of Chen Jue and other troops in the southeast, so he had no time to look north. In the imperial history, Cheng Jiang Wenwei impeached the prime minister Feng Yansi and the counselor Wei Cen for disorderly government, and Chen Jue was not deposed for the same crime, and his words were very sincere and straightforward. Li Jing was furious, and he replied to Jiang Wenwei's reciprocal note, degrading him to join the army as a Jiangzhou sergeant, and Feng Yansi as a young master and Wei Cen as the prince's horse.
In the fifth year of Baoda (947), Li Jing took his younger brother Li Jingsui as the emperor's younger brother, Li Jingda as the marshal, and crowned the king of Qi; With Li Hongji, the king of Nanchang, as the deputy marshal, he was crowned the king of Yan. When the Khitan sent an envoy to visit, he returned to visit Jia Tan, the secretary of the military department.
In the sixth year of Baoda (948), Li Shouzhen of the Later Han Dynasty rebelled in the river and sent his guest general Zhu Yuan to ask for help. At that time, Liu Chengyou, the Yin Emperor of the Later Han Dynasty, was young, the Central Plains was weak, and most of the Huaibei thieves sent money and goods to Li Jing, and Li Jing sent Huang Fuhui to the sea and Si Prefectures to recruit them.
In the eighth year of Baoda (950), Fuzhou spread rumors that "the defenders of Wuyue rebelled, killed Li Renda and fled." Sent someone to ask Jianzhou Jiedu to envoy Cha Wenhui, and Cha Wenhui and Jianzhou Thorn Shi Chen Yu took a boat from the Min River to deal with it. Fuzhou greeted him with soldiers. Chen Xue said: "The Fujian people are too deceitful and untrustworthy, so they should garrison troops on the riverbank and plot slowly." Cha Wenhui said: "After a long time, things will change, so take advantage of the fact that they have not yet settled down, and hurry up to attack them." Leaving Chen Zhi stationed at the mouth of the Tunjiang River, he entered the west gate by himself, and the ambush suddenly occurred, and Cha Wenhui was captured. Chen Zhi fought against the Yue, defeated them, and captured the general Ma Xianjian. Li Jing returned Ma Xian to Yue, and Yue also returned Cha Wenhui to Li Jing. In the same year, Ma Xiguang, the monarch of Southern Chu, killed his younger brother Ma Xicao, and Ma Xicao became self-reliant.
In the autumn of the ninth year of Baoda (951), the Chu people imprisoned Ma Xicao in Hengshan, set up his younger brother Ma Xichong, attached to Li Jing, and Southern Chu was in turmoil. Li Jing sent Xinzhou to assassinate Shi Bian Ho to attack Southern Chu and break through Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan), the capital of Southern Chu, and Southern Chu perished. All the Ma family moved to Jinling, and Li Jing took Ma Xicao as the envoy of the Hongzhou Festival, Ma Xichong as the envoy of the Shuzhou Festival, and Bian Hao as the envoy of the Hunan Festival.
In the tenth year of Baoda (952), the four counties of Gao'an, Qingjiang, Wanzai and Shanggao in Hongzhou were divided and Yunzhou was set up. With Feng Yansi and Sun Ji as the left and right servants, shoot Tongping Zhangshi. Emperor Liu Sheng of the Southern Han Dynasty took advantage of the rebellion of Southern Chu to capture Guiguan, and Li Jing sent the general Zhang Luan to fight for it, but he did not conquer it. Chu land is new, the treasury is empty, the prime minister Feng Yansi to conquer Southern Chu for the merit, did not want to charge fees to the Southern Tang Dynasty, so the people of Southern Chu increased the burden of the people of Southern Chu to feed the army, the Chu people were resentful and rebelled, Chu General Liu Yan attacked the side pickaxe, the side pickaxe could not be defended, and fled to the Southern Tang Dynasty.
In November of the thirteenth year of Baoda (955), the Hou Zhou army marched south, and the edict said: "Huaidi is a fool, he dares to resist the big state, steal one side, and overstep the throne and claim the emperor." In the Jin and Han eras, the country was not at peace, and you recruited rebels to help the rebels. When Li Jinquan occupied An Chong, and Li Shouzhen rebelled against Hezhong, you raised an army and went to support. The oppression and invasion of Minyue, Tutanxiang, and Tan, as for the dealings with the Khitan, the invasion of the Xu Department, and the battle of Shuyang, the straight and straight can be known. Colluding with the Khitan, entering the Central Plains and becoming a border trouble, and joining forces is really our feud. Evil is difficult to point out, and people and gods are angry. So Bai Li Gu was deployed for the camp, starting from the attack on Shouzhou. At this time, Song Qiqiu was the envoy of the Hongzhou Festival, and Li Jing summoned Song Qiqiu back to Jinling, with Liu Yanzhen as the Shenwu commander and Liu Renzhen as the envoy of the Qinghuai Army to resist the Zhou army. Li Gu said: "We don't have the equipment for water warfare, and if we let the Huai army break the Zhengyang pontoon bridge, then we will suffer from the enemy on our backs." So he burned the grain and grass and retired to Zhengyang. At this time, after Zhou Shizong Chai Rong personally marched, walked to the besieged town, heard that Li Gu had retreated, and said: "Our army retreats, and the south must pursue." Sent Li Chongjin to rush to Zhengyang, saying: "Nan** is coming, you should attack quickly." When Liu Yanzhen and the others heard that Li Gu had withdrawn from the army, they really thought they were scared and hurriedly chased after them. When the chase reached Zhengyang, and Li Chongjin arrived first, the army did not have time to eat and fight, and Liu Yanzhen was tantamount to defeat. Liu Yanzhen's troops set up sharp blades to repel horses and tied them with iron cables; He also carved trees as beasts, called "Jiema brand", and scattered them on the ground with leather bags and iron as obstacles. When Zhou Jun saw this, he knew that the other party was afraid, and defeated them in one go. Zhou Shizong camped on the north side of the river and moved the pontoon bridge to Xia Cai. Li Jing sent Lin Renzhao and others to fight, but they didn't get it, and the Zhou army captured Chuzhou. Li Jing was afraid, so he sent Wang Zhilang, the general of Sizhou, to Xuzhou, saying that the Tang Emperor had sent a letter and was willing to pay tribute and serve as a brother, but Zhou Shizong did not answer. Li Jing's deputy guards in the eastern capital left behind Feng Yanlu, Zhang Shao, the assassin of Guangzhou, Zhou Zuo, and Fang Ne, the assassin of Taizhou, all abandoned the city and left; Feng Yanlu cut his hair and became a monk and was captured by Zhou Bing. Li Jing was even more afraid, and changed his name to Li Jing after avoiding Zhou Xinzu (Guo Jing), and sent Zhong Mo, a bachelor of Hanlin, and Li Deming, a bachelor of arts and sciences, to be called ministers, and offered 500 cattle, 2,000 stones, 2,000 stones, and thousands of gold and silver Luo Qi to reward the Zhou army, and asked to cede the six prefectures of Shou, Hao, Si, Chu, Guang, and Hai to Zhou, so as to request the withdrawal of troops. Zhou Shizong did not reply, and divided his troops to attack and capture Yangzhou and Taizhou. Li Jing sent a letter to the Khitan to ask for help, but was captured by the border guards. Gwangju Thorn Shi Zhang Han descended to Zhou
In March of the fourteenth year of Baoda (956), Li Jing sent Sikong Sun Sheng and the Ministry of Rites Shangshu Wang Chongzhi to present the table, and the words were more humble and tame, but Zhou Shizong still did not answer, and Zhong Mo and others sent before, as well as Sun Sheng and Wang Chongzhen, were all doing it. And Zhong Mo and others asked to go back to get Li Jing's watch and dedicate all the Jiangbei region, Zhou Shizong agreed, and sent Wang Chongzhi, Li Deming and others back, so he gave Li Jing a book. After Li Deming waited for his return, he vigorously praised Zhou Shizong's heroism, and Li Jing was unhappy. Song Qiqiu, Chen Jue and others all thought that there was no benefit in cutting the land, and said that Li Deming betrayed the country for profit. Li Jing was angry and beheaded Li Deming. Send Marshal Qi King Li Jingda and Chen Jue, Bian Hao, and Xu Wenzhen to lead troops to Shouchun, and Li Jingda's subordinate Zhu Yuan and others got Shu, Qi, and Tai Prefectures. In the summer of the same year, it rained heavily, and the Later Zhou armies in Yang, Chu, and Sanzhou all retreated, and the Later Tang generals requested to attack the Zhou army with a dangerous waist. Song Qiqiu said: "Attacking them deepens resentment, it is better to let them go and become a kindness." The generals were warned to close the camp and not to fight, so the Zhou army gathered in Shouzhou. Zhou Shizong was stationed in Tunwukou, and wanted to go to Yangzhou to attack Shouchun together, so he blocked the treasury and delivered it to the supervisor, and sent Li Jing's old general to patrol the city.
In the fifteenth year of Baoda (957), Li Jingda sent Zhu Yuan and others to Purple Mountain to build a road to transport grain and grass to Shouzhou. In February, Zhou Shizong marched south again, moved down the Cai pontoon bridge to the vortex, set up a town Huai army, and built two cities to flank the Huai. The Zhou army broke through the Zijin villages. Although Li Jingda was a marshal, the military decisions were made by Chen Jue. Chen Jue and Zhu Yuan have always had a grudge, thinking that Zhu Yuan was Li Shouzhen's guest general, and it was repeatedly difficult to believe, Li Jing sent the general Yang Shouzhong to replace Zhu Yuan, and recalled Zhu Yuan. Zhu Yuan was furious and surrendered to Zhou, all the armies were defeated, Xu Wenzhen and Bian Hao were captured, and Li Jingda returned to Jinling with a sailor. Liu Renzhen was sick and dying, and his deputy envoy Sun Yu and others surrendered to Zhou with Shouzhou. Master Zhou Shizong. Li Jing sent people to burn Yangzhou and deceive Yangzhou Shishu. In October, Zhou Shizong marched south again, so he besieged Haozhou, and Guo Ting, the assassin of Haozhou, told Zhou: "The minister cannot defend a state to resist the king's division, but he hopes to ask for his life in the Southern Tang Dynasty and then surrender." Zhou Shizong therefore delayed the attack, Guo Tingwei sent someone to ask Li Jing for his life, Li Jing agreed to their surrender, so Guo Tingwei surrendered. Captured Sizhou again, the Zhou army rode tens of thousands, advancing by land and water, and the sergeant sang the song "Tanlai", and the sound spread to dozens of miles away. In December, it was stationed at the north gate of Chuzhou.