I once saw a play. "Wind and Snow Cold Plum Li Sanniang"

Conceived in October and delivered in one day. Late one night, Li Sanniang, who was grinding in the mill, suddenly had unbearable abdominal pain, Li Sanniang was afraid that her brother and sister-in-law would harm Jiao'er, so she bit the umbilical cord with her mouth, known as "biting the umbilical cord", called her hometown, and sent her to Fenzhou overnight to find her father. Later, after being killed by Guo Wei's usurpation, he was buried in Yingling (in Xuzhuang Village, Huashi Township, Yuzhou City). Liu Zhiyuan had a good martial arts, besides, he also practiced good kung fu in training horses at Li Sanniang's house, he took a leap, rode on the back of the monster, and ran back and forth eighteen times, until he was so tired that the monster was sweating all over, and it was all blood. This place was later called "Horse Walk". It turns out that this is the famous sweat and blood BMW . After the BMW was trained by Liu Zhiyuan, he was instructed by the immortals to dig three feet in the melon field, and obtained three treasures: golden helmet, gold armor, silver gun, and bronze sword. Liu Zhiyuan did it, and it really got a treasure. So, at the southern foot of Jishan, he tied the horse Guhuai, cried goodbye to Li Sanniang and cried at night, got on the horse and went straight to Fenzhou. So far, there is still a thousand-year-old acacia in Jishan, which is said to be Liu Zhiyuan's tethered horse locust.

Li Sanniang (c. 913-954): Yuciming Li Ren. The empress of Liu Zhiyuan, the ancestor of the Later Han Dynasty.

Li was born as a peasant daughter, and her marriage to Liu Zhiyuan is legendary. When Liu Zhiyuan was young, his family was poor and served as a horse slave, and he met the Li family in Jinyang Horse Husbandry, and then fell in love. Liu Zhiyuan asked someone to ask Li's father for marriage, but Li's father refused because of Liu's poverty.

Liu Zhiyuan invited a few friends to go to Li's house at night to rob relatives, and gave birth to a son Liu Chengyou (later Emperor Yin) in 930, when Li was about 18 years old and Liu Zhiyuan was 38 years old. After marriage, Liu Zhiyuan was promoted to the envoy of Hedong Jiedu with military merits, crowned the king of Beiping, and named Li as the wife of Wei. In 947, Liu Zhiyuan raised an army in Taiyuan, because the military salary was insufficient, and he had to levy heavy taxes on the people.

Li Shi admonished: "Fang Jin's incident, called a volunteer soldier, the people do not know the benefits and take their wealth first, and it is not the new son of heaven, so the intention of saving the people is also." In the future, the palace will have it, please know it, although it is insufficient, the scholar will not complain. ("History of the New Five Dynasties", Volume 18, "Queen Li") Liu Zhiyuan accepted the advice, and really won the hearts of the people. In February of the same year, Liu Zhiyuan proclaimed himself emperor and made Li Sanniang the queen. The following year, Gaozu died, and Liu Chengyou succeeded to the throne as Emperor Yin, honoring Li as the empress dowager.

Liu Zhiyuan, Emperor Gaozu of the Later Han Dynasty, was very poor when he was young, and later joined the army, when he was herding horses in Jinyang, he happened to meet Li Sanniang, and suddenly fell in love, Li Sanniang also had the intention of the girl, Liu Zhiyuan asked someone to ask the Li family for marriage, because Li's father hated the poor and loved the rich, and rejected Liu Zhiyuan, who had no money and no permanent property, Liu Zhiyuan was not Li Sanniang who did not marry, in order to get her, he called a few buddies, went to Li's house at night to rob his relatives, and robbed Li Sanniang, and the two became husband and wife. This is the plot in the ancient drama "The Story of Liu Zhiyuan and the White Rabbit", and Li Sanniang has become a well-known beauty in history.

There is also a play of "Milling Property" in history, saying that after Li Sanniang and Liu Zhiyuan got married, they became pregnant soon after, because Liu Zhiyuan was ordered to go on an expedition, he had to leave his pregnant wife, and because Liu Zhiyuan's own family background was not good enough, Li Sanniang was diligent and virtuous, so after Liu Zhiyuan went on the expedition, she still dragged her pregnant body and worked hard in the mill, even before giving birth, she was still working hard in the mill, and later gave birth to her own son in the mill.

However, whether it is "Liu Zhiyuan's White Rabbit" or "Mozi", they are just the words of a dramatic novelist, and tracing history, whether it is Liu Zhiyuan or Li Sanniang, they are far from the descriptions in the play. In historical records, Liu Zhiyuan is not a Han Chinese, he is a Turkic Shatuo tribe. Liu Zhiyuan was originally the old department of the Later Jin Dynasty Gaozu Shi Jingjiao, and later served as the envoy of the Hedong Festival, and the Later Jin Dynasty later turned against the Liao State that had helped him, the Liao State invaded, destroyed the Later Jin Dynasty, and when the Central Plains was ownerless, Liu Zhiyuan established himself as the emperor and established the Later Han Dynasty.

When Liu Zhiyuan was in his twenties, he was a military academy under Shi Jingjiao, and it was at this time that Liu Zhiyuan and Li Sanniang became husband and wife, and becoming a husband and wife was indeed as said in the play. "The History of the New Five Dynasties: The Biography of Empress Li of the Han Dynasty" said: "Empress Gaozu Li, a native of Jinyang, and her father was a farmer. Gaozu was a soldier, herded horses in Jinyang, and entered his house at night to rob him. ”

It can be seen from this that Li Sanniang is a native of Jinyang, and her family is a farmer, and she is also from a poor family. The five dynasties were troubled times, warlords were fighting, soldiers were like bandits, and it seemed to be a common thing in that era for soldiers to rob a people's daughter, however, a later emperor robbed the daughter of a peasant, and after becoming an emperor, this matter became a legend, so the world knows it.

Li Sanniang and Liu Zhiyuan are deeply in love with each other; was tormented by his brother and sister-in-law, and his husband was separated; After 16 years of hardships and unswerving, the peak finally turned around, and the hardships were sweet. Among them, "biting the umbilical cord and giving birth", "returning to the book by mistake" and "meeting at the mill" are all classic excerpts that have been performed for a long time, and Li Sanniang has become a well-known tenacious and unyielding woman model among the Chinese people, which has been passed down to this day. This is exactly: "Wind and snow cold plum Li Sanniang, proud frost and snow spit fragrance; Biting the umbilicus and giving birth to a child feels the world, and the true love in the world is like the ocean. "

In 930, Liu Zhiyuan and Li Sanniang gave birth to their son Liu Chengyou, and soon, Liu Zhiyuan was crowned the king of Beiping with merit, and Li Sanniang was named the wife of Wei. In 947, Liu Zhiyuan was proclaimed emperor, and Li Sanniang successfully became the empress. In 948, Liu Zhiyuan died of illness, and Liu Chengyou succeeded him as emperor, known as Emperor Yin in history, and respected Li Sanniang as the empress dowager.

In 950, Liu Chengyou, instigated by his favorite minister Guo Yunming, prepared to kill the privy envoy Guo Wei, but Li Sanniang disagreed, but Liu Chengyou still made a move, forcing Guo Wei to rebel against the Han and attack the capital Kaifeng, and the Later Han perished. In 951, Guo Wei established himself as the emperor and established the Later Zhou Dynasty, and Li Sanniang was respected by Guo Wei as his mother and named the queen mother because of her opposition to Emperor Yin killing Guo Wei at that time. In 954, Li Sanniang died of illness at the age of about 42.