"Your Excellency, there are two international students outside who want to meet you."

The assistant walked into the office and reported to Hu Jingde.

"What's the matter?"

"International students want to do internships and gain experience in German factories, but most companies reject their applications, so they want to seek help from the consulate."

"It's a good thing to do an internship in a factory, you go and invite those two international students in, and I want to hear their thoughts in person."

In the past ten years, more than 7,000 government and private self-financed students have traveled from China to study abroad, including 2,000 who have returned to China after completing their studies, and more than 5,000 students are studying in Europe.

Among the more than 5,000 international students, more than half of them are students in Germany, about 3,000 of them, the second largest number of students are Austria-Hungary students, about 1,000 students, and the remaining more than 1,000 students are scattered in the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Switzerland and other countries.

Sending international students is the most effective way to absorb and learn modern Western science and technology, and the benefits of sending a large number of international students are self-evident.

However, this does not mean that the local government can send all the selected students to study in Europe according to their own wishes.

There are three main reasons for this:

First, the number of native Han students was limited, and the number of young students who were between the ages and had basic cultural and learning abilities was insufficient, that is, from 1880 onwards, with the gradual increase in the number of local new generations who reached the lower age limit for studying abroad, this restriction was slowly changed.

Second, because of the early small-scale military conflicts, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy have reservations about accepting Han students, and the governments of the three countries will review the Chinese students who stay in their countries every year, and then determine the specific amount of Chinese students in the next year according to the results of the analysis and audit data of the three governments.

Britain, France, and Italy were reluctant to accept a large number of Chinese students, so the local students could only go to Germany and Austria-Hungary, where the economy was relatively close and there was no strategic conflict between the two sides.

Germany and Austria-Hungary also did not allow Chinese students to enter the mainland of the two countries, in the years, the number of Han students was only more than 3,000, in addition to the limit on the number of school-age students, the German and Austria-Hungary governments gave the upper limit of 500 international students each year is also an important factor.

After 1879, the Han State successfully annexed Argentina and Uruguay, and became a country that played an important role in the male America in terms of territory and population, and coupled with the good personal relationship established with Prince Valmad and the family of Crown Prince Frederick, the governments of Germany and Austria-Hungary further relaxed the restrictions on the number of Chinese students, raising the upper limit of official Chinese students to 1,200 per year, and the upper limit of private self-financed students to 700.

Third, there are restrictions on the cost of studying abroad, and each government-sent international student can receive four years of university education overseas, and most of them will receive seven or eight or even ten years of education.

During the period of studying abroad, each international student spends an average of 200 won per year, and more than 5,000 students studying abroad spend more than 1 million won a year.

Due to various factors, the number of Chinese students studying abroad has not been able to achieve the leap and bounds that the local government expects.

It is difficult for the foreign policy of the British, French and Italian governments to change in the short term, and Germany and Austria-Hungary have just raised the upper limit of Chinese students.

Therefore, in front of Hu Jingde, the effective measures that can be made at present are, on the one hand, to apply for international student funding, on the other hand, to rationally allocate the funds for studying abroad, and on the premise of ensuring the quality of students' learning and life, try to put the limited financial expenses on more students.

Hu Jingde has been doing things to fight for a share of the funds for studying abroad, and the two international students who came to see him today gave him a good idea to save money for studying abroad.

"According to the principle of personal voluntariness, government-sent international students can choose whether to use the vacation time to intern in the factory and earn a part of the living expenses, and for private self-financed students, it doesn't matter if the family conditions are in the middle, but those students with excellent academic performance and average family conditions can be led by the legation to introduce them to the factory internship work of their major, and use the vacation time to work and study, which is not a good way to save expenses and allow more students with average family economic conditions to get the opportunity to study abroad."

Analyzing the benefits of work-study, Hu Jingde made a preliminary plan in his heart, and then asked his assistant to invite two international students into the office.

"You can think of entering a factory for internship, earning funds for daily life through the professional knowledge you have learned, and saving money for studying abroad for the country, which is a good idea and has the potential to be promoted."

Hu Jingde smiled and said gently: "The number of international students sent by the local government has not yet reached the upper limit required by the German government, and if the work-study method is adopted, more students can get the opportunity to study abroad."

In my opinion, there is no problem with your proposal, and the Legation will be responsible for helping international students find suitable internship factories, and I will send someone to the University of Berlin to inform you when the matter is ready. ”

"Thank you, Your Excellency! We will certainly live up to the expectations of the country and His Excellency the Minister, conscientiously study scientific and technological knowledge, and strive to return to our homeland to serve the country as soon as possible! ”

Tan Yaoxun and Pan Mingzhong said happily.

"The prosperity of the country requires the efforts of all the people, so you should go back to the school first, and then report the list of all the students, so that the legation can contact different factories according to the majors and skills of each student."

"Thank you so much, Your Excellency."

The two saluted Hu Jingde, said words of gratitude again, and left the legation excitedly later.

"Counselor Zhao, send a telegram to the legations of the three countries in Britain, France, and Italy, asking if the economies of the three countries are in the same degree of recession as in Germany?"

Seeing off the two students, Hu Jingde relied on the sensitivity of a diplomat to issue an order to the diplomats in the legation as soon as possible. …………

Since the beginning of modern industrial society, European countries have erupted more than ten economic crises of varying scales.

The most recent one was the twelfth, year of the economic crisis,

In 1873, the Vienna Stock Exchange experienced a financial crisis. The crisis quickly spread to financial cities such as London, Paris, Frankfurt, and New York.

There was a panic in the financial markets, and railway stocks fell.

In September 1873, the Jay-Cook Financial Company, one of the most reliable banks in the United States, went bankrupt due to railroad speculation, and the New York stock market plummeted, with 5,000 commercial companies and 57 securities trading companies collapsing.

This crisis is mainly a crisis of heavy industry, and the light textile industry is relatively less affected, as is the case in all countries. The expansion of investment during a crisis can only mean further excess production capacity, and thus a larger crisis. It's just that this crisis has lasted a long time, prices have fallen sharply, and the process of moving towards monopoly has become more conscious. Forms of monopoly organization such as cartels, trusts, and syndicates developed during this period.

In response to the 12th economic crisis, the United States and Germany successively adopted trade protectionist policies and used the method of strengthening infrastructure to transform the economic crisis into economic construction, and then got out of the predicament of the economic crisis earlier than Britain and France.

In the United States, for example, nearly 53,000 kilometers of railways have been built in the United States, accounting for about 50% of the world's railway construction during the same period, and the output of major products of heavy industry has doubled.

In 1882, the overcapacity of iron and steel enterprises, the ebb of railroad construction in the United States, and the stocks of heavy industrial enterprises such as steel and coal fell one after another, which led to the thirteenth economic crisis in the history of the world economy.

Banks and investors dumped railroad stocks and bonds. Investment in railways has shrunk sharply. From the previous year, the wholesale price index fell by 24.1%. The depression lasted for four years.

During the same period, the British economy began to decline as early as 1881, and the crisis deepened after the ebb of the American railroads. During the crisis, steel production fell for the first time, reaching 15.9 percent, cotton consumption shrank by 19.7 percent, and the shipbuilding sector fell the most, at 62.8 percent. The unemployment rate was 2.3 per cent in 1882, 8.1 per cent in 1884 and 10.2 per cent in 1886.

France is second only to the United States in severity. In 1882, the collapse of the Union General Bank, the Bank of Lyon and the Rohr shocked the country. In the same year, there were more than 7,000 business failures. From year to year, the number of bankruptcies and the number of unemployed people have increased further.

Since the beginning of the year, imports and exports have declined for several consecutive years, with exports falling by 13.6% and imports falling by 15.2%. The output of coal and iron, and the consumption of cotton have all dropped significantly.

The consequences of the 13th economic crisis were initially revealed, and when the embassies in various European countries successively sent back the collected economic information back to their homeland, even if he had not heard of the New Year's economy, Li Mingyuan began to smell the breath of another economic crisis by virtue of the impression that the economic crisis broke out in Western countries every seven or eight years or ten years.

"You can all take a look at the signs of recession in major European countries, and the shipbuilding industry is particularly affected."

Li Mingyuan distributed the telegram to the public, adding: "Originally, I was curious how the German government suddenly changed its attitude, not only agreed to the request to build two armored cruisers on the mainland, but also agreed to license us the construction technology related to armored cruisers.

Now it seems that it is not the Germans who have become more generous, but the outbreak of the economic crisis in Europe, and the life of the Volkeng shipyard is not easy, so it is relieved on the issue of warship technology transfer. ”

"Will the economic crisis in Europe affect the local economy?"

Liu Pu said worriedly.

"There is still some impact, but it is not a big problem."

Li Mingyuan turned his gaze to the head of the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Agriculture, and said: "What is the data of the local economy and agricultural exports in the last six months? ”

"Your Majesty, the ten-year development strategy has been steadily promoted, and the production capacity of local steel, machinery, chemical and other industries has continued to expand at a growth rate of more than 14% per year, and there is no sign of the European economic crisis in various industrial fields for the time being."

"In the second half of 1882, the total export volume of agricultural products fell by about two percent, but because of the reduction in the manufacturing costs of fur and food processing enterprises, it is expected that this year's export earnings from agricultural products will be slightly higher than the level of the same period last year, and there will be no losses and reductions in profits."

The Minister General of Industry and the Minister of Agriculture reported one after another.

"The overall level of industrialization is still in its infancy, and the economic crisis in Europe will not affect South America for the time being."

After listening to the reports of the two, Li Mingyuan arranged: "However, the outbreak of the economic crisis in Europe is good news for the local area, which can just take advantage of the opportunity of the European economic recession in recent years to vigorously introduce new technologies in the field of traditional heavy industries such as steel and machinery to make up for the shortcomings of local industrial development."

Liu Pu, this matter is left to you to do, led by the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Agriculture and other departments, after careful discussion, come up with a suitable plan as soon as possible, and then report to the approval and quickly implement. ”

"Yes, Your Majesty." ………………

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