Prices in the Song Dynasty were as follows:

Rice (bucket) 40~100 Wen (400 Wen)

Silk (horse) 1000~1500 text

Cloth 150~300 (1360 text)

Salt (catty) 20~70~80~160 Wen

Tea (catty) 15~917 Wen

Koji (catty) 50~250 Wen

For officials below the county level, 9000~3000 yuan per month is a meager income, if the family population is large, then it is necessary to "combine the benefits of agricultural business" to support the family, that is, there must be other laborers in the family, engaged in "agricultural business" and other occupations to supplement the living.

Doctors are also a relatively stable income group among urban residents. Wang Anshi praised a doctor surnamed Du in the "Table of the Tomb of the Priest Zhengjun", the income could have been more, and the monthly income should not be a problem of about 6000~10000 yuan.

Xuzhou recommended Cheng Zen Temple, built with "Tiefutu ten has three levels, one hundred and twenty feet high". Then he built the "Five Hundred Arhats", which cost "five million dollars", and the average cost of each Arhat was 10,000.

In October of the eighth year of Yuanyou, the Dingzhou garrison built four barracks, and the cost of each barracks was roughly 4.63~4.03 yuan.

Drug price: "middle and lower grade medicine" is about 1~5 yuan per dose (one sip). Of course, the price of some precious medicinal materials is usually relatively high. For example, Su Shi once recorded that the traditional Chinese medicine used for health preservation - Atractylodes macrocephalus, 1 tael can be sold for 300~600 yuan.

Wu Daozi once created the "eight versions" painting for the gate of the Tibetan scripture shrine in Chang'an, "Yang is the Bodhisattva, Yin is the king of heaven, where there are six bodies out of ten", and some guests "get two versions of it with 100,000 yuan" and show it to Su Shi, "Shi returns to its straightness, and takes it to dedicate to the ancestors".

"Wang Wenfu is good at buying ancient paintings and calligraphy. Today's self-saying dictionary on both ends of the inkstone and Chen Guisheng seal characters, with 5,000 dollars. Please return to the holy ordinance, hold one or two pieces of paper a day, and only read 300 texts. "Shulingnan Pen" said: "On May 27 of the third year of Shaosheng, I crossed the west of the water and saw the writer who was sold, the shape was thick like a pen, and he exchanged twenty dollars for two branches. "Try Dongye Hui Ink" cloud: "Shiyan Shu cold gold paper is the most suitable for ink, non-also." But this paper is difficult to ink. Try to test the ink on this paper, but Li Tingqi is black. This ink Yanren Dongye Hui made, each piece must be ten thousand, and the letter is also extraordinary than the ratio of ink. ”

In the poem "Eating Pheasants", Shi talked about spending 100 yuan on two pheasants. "Pheasant Eater" cloud: "The male pheasant drags and trims his tail, and flies to the sun. …… Regardless of the noise, who will reply to the net. A pair for 100 dollars, the best time for a new taste. Cooking and frying miscellaneous chickens, the claws are spread between the teeth. ”

Copy a book for cheating, neatly written, and a collection of answers (for the exam), and each volume can make a profit of 30,000~20,000 money; Impersonation for the entrance exam can make a profit of 100,000~200,000 money.

Good wine "silver bottle wine 72 wen dime, lamb wine 81 wen dime", street food about 10 ~ 20 yuan, snacks even used "first-class glass shallow edge bowl". Glass is a kind of low-temperature glass, glazed ware is relatively rare in ancient China, snacks use transparent glass bowls made of glass, in the Northern Song Dynasty should belong to the more high-end tableware. (Table 2) If three meals a day are consumed according to the snack standard, then the minimum dietary consumption of a tourist should be 30~60 yuan per day.

Iron ware, worth about 80 yuan per catty. During the Tianxi period, "the (iron) money cast by Jia and Qiong two states is twenty-five catties and eight taels, and the copper money is used as a small iron coin for ten times." After the weight of iron, more theft and melting as a vessel, every twenty-five catties of straight two thousand. (History of the Song Dynasty - Food and Goods - Coins)

Bronze ware, 1 tael is worth about 50~100 money. During the Xining period, "one tael of refined copper was obtained from ten coins of melting, and the profit was five times that of the maker." ("History of the Song Dynasty - Food and Goods-Coins") "Continuation of Capital and Governance Tongjian Long Edition" (Volume 283) recorded Shen Kuoyun: "The copper ban is opened, and the person who sells the money as a tool is ten times more profitable, so the person who is in the money is not a tool?" The minister said that copper is forbidden, and the money is exhausted, not only consumed. ”

War horse, 1 horse is worth about 30,000~25,000 money. In the first year of Yuanfeng, Guangnan West Road passed through the division of "begging to elect Liangjiang Wuyong Ding, forming a horse club, people bought wild horses, and each official gave 30,000 yuan. If he dies, he will buy and fill it, and the horse owner will prepare one-third, and the rest will be out of the company." ("Continuation of the Governance of Tongjian" volume 288) in the sixth year of Yuanfeng, "Raise the proposal of Wang Chongzheng, the Baojia of Hedong Road,...... According to the price of Linfu Road and the city, the official gave 25,000 yuan for each horse, and ordered to buy a passing horse, and buy enough for five years". ("Renewal of Capital and Governance", Volume 339)

Agarwood, 1 tael is worth about 700~1000 money. "Agarwood costs one hundred and thirty yuan for each two. It is not allowed to buy, that is, it is matched with incense households with the same materials, down to monks, musicians, painters, etc., all of them. The officials were urging the purchase urgently, and the price of incense became expensive. Every two more is consistent, and the lower one is seven or eight hundred. "("Continuation of the Zhitongjian Long Edition" volume 300) white paper and persimmon oil banana leaf fans, each worth more than 10 yuan." Taishi Wenyan Bo said: "The northern envoy is seen in the Zichen Palace, the banquet is hung in the arch hall, and the left and right attendants use white paper and persimmon oil banana leaf fans, and the rate is not straight more than ten dollars. ("Continuation of the Governance of the Tongjian", vol. 403)

In a high-end restaurant, a meal can cost more than 10,000 yuan.

"Cai Yuanchang is the prime minister, and hundreds of officials are given excellent and the cost is not cheap. One day, the meeting of the bureaucrats was ordered to make crab roe steamed buns because of the drink. After drinking, the officials roughly calculated the cost, and the steamed buns were more than 1,300 yuan. ”

In Tokyo's catering industry, most of the tableware used to hold food is made of silver, and even a table of silver tableware can weigh up to 100~500 taels.

As can be seen from Table 2, all fresh agricultural and sideline products are relatively valuable. For example, the fish produced in the Yellow River in winter can be close to 100 yuan per catty, which is higher than the price of each bucket of rice. "Coarse and fine fruits are not as good as those in the market store", indicating that the average fruit is worth about 10 yuan per catty. Freshly listed "eggplant gourds and the like" can be sold for 3000~5000 yuan per pair; Water chestnut is wrapped in lotus leaves, and "one wrap" can be sold for 10 yuan. Handmade products are also more valuable, and "long buckets" can be sold for 1,500 yuan each. If you need to hire a saddle horse when you go out to run errands, the labor cost is close to 100 yuan per day. Ouyang Xiu specially introduced a precious peony in Luoyang - Yao Huang in "Customs and Customs", which needed to be "bought by deed" in the autumn of the previous year, and according to the contract in the spring of the next year, he would deliver the goods with one hand and pay the money with the other. Yao Huang varieties are not spread, rich people try to buy Yao Huang's "joint", Luoyang people are "dipped in the soup to kill it", can be sold for 5000 ~ 1000 yuan.

The pork in Bianliang, Tokyo is not cheap, dozens of dollars a catty. It was also this Su Dongpo who joked with an obese colleague that he looked like a butcher, and said that it would cost 120 yuan to buy 4 taels of meat for 30 yuan, and it would cost 120 yuan to calculate 16 taels for 1 catty---- but this should refer to cooked food.

Books in the Song Dynasty were very expensive, with 4 texts per leaf of paper. Think about the fact that 100 pages of books are only about 1 yuan, although the Sprinkle family feels that the price of books is now underestimated; However, I am not in favor of making a 1-to-1 exchange rate with Song Shu. Song Shu needs to find someone to be rigid, and the price of craftsmen is also very high. If you don't want to find an engraver, you can also ask others to borrow this board and pay for the ink yourself, so the gross profit margin of the 4 dollars is only 20% or 30%. A book is always worth hundreds of dollars. In this way, everyone should pay Ouyang Xiu for claiming to be a 61 layman, and one of them actually has a collection of 10,000 volumes.

It's not cheap to wear, and felt hats and official boots are all priced. Do you remember the joke? When the two prime ministers met, one asked how much the other had boots, and the other man lifted his feet and said consistently. As a result, the questioner felt that he had lost money, and scolded his subordinates, saying why he was ineffective and twice as expensive as others. As a result, when the other party waited for him to finish scolding, he raised his other foot and said: This is also the same.

There is one in the three words and two beats, talking about the official boots made by the official boot shop in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty, which is indeed the price of several times.

Song Ren's liquor is a liquor monopoly. Therefore, the price is also very high, a bottle is only about three or four taels, called a combination. It's worth 70 or 100 yuan, which is a lot of money. However, the quality control of wine production seems to be worse than it is now, and its preservation is also a problem, so it is easy to encounter "bad wine". So people who often drink alcohol have home remedies, 10 bottles at a time, and then open each one to smell it, and finally the bartender will return the one that has not been drunk (what a good bartender), according to their experience, only about half of the wine will be good wine.

It's not too expensive to buy a handmaid, hundreds of thousands are now hundreds of thousands. Married women are less expensive. However, it is not allowed to be sold out of the country. There are still a few years of contracts, not all at once, but only two or three years. Human trafficking can be risky, often these women collude with intermediaries, and when the time comes, they will abscond with money while they are unprepared.

Hundreds of thousands of dollars can buy a small house in the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, the toilet and kitchen were not in the suite, and a room was actually a small square house under the beams. It may be that there is only one room, or it may be larger, so you can come out of the next hall. The most rudimentary are the thatched huts. According to the novel, such a room is often a small building, with people living upstairs and customers downstairs or renting out as shops. Such a room generally accommodates a family in the Northern Song Dynasty.

During the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty, some houses were demolished for defensive purposes, and the compensation for demolition was about 170 yuan per room. That's 170,000 rooms. This is the lot on the edge of the city wall.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were three or five people per household. However, the family with a more developed career will have a larger population, and a humble room will not be able to accommodate it. There will be mansions. For example, the mansion of the government dignitaries and the purchase of the mansion for the kings of the ten kingdoms who returned to Shun in the early Song Dynasty cost 10,000 taels of silver. That's about 10 million. These homes should also continue to appreciate in value.

Prime Minister Xiang Minzhong once bought the mansion of former Prime Minister Xue Juzheng at a low price of 5 million, which was said to be a cheap trade. This Xue Juzheng is also the author of the history of the old five dynasties. Lu Duan, who is not confused about big things, does not buy property (it will definitely be said by the current financial experts to be confused about big things), and later his children and grandchildren mortgaged the house when they were short of money. The imperial court sent 5 million to help redeem it. In other words, the prime minister-level mansion is generally 5 million.

The prime minister's income is 300,000 yuan (300 guan) per month, and the population of the mansion is hundreds, so according to the average there should be about 20 such mansions. The prime minister's monthly expenses should not be small, and a mansion is only equivalent to two years' income.

The above-mentioned Su Dongpo, his younger brother is actually an older official than him. When he was demoted and left Kaifeng, he sold his mansion and bought 9 million. It has been 150 years since Song Liguo was founded. Demoted to Guangdong, he bought 10 private houses, and only used 50 yuan, 50,000 yuan, 5,000 each. Su Dongpo went to Changzhou and bought a century-old house for 500,000 yuan. It is estimated that he also hangs 150 dollars a day there.

A little earlier、It was also Gangnam。 Shen Kuo spent 300,000 yuan to buy a villa in Zhenjiang, which was later known as Mengxi. The value of the property purchased by the Sprinkle family in 01 is about the same, but the price of housing in Shanghai has soared much faster than in the Song Dynasty.

Su Song served as the surveyor of the Chengguan Pavilion of Dali Temple, with a monthly salary of 17 yuan, and the house and horses accounted for one-third. At that time, a horse cost 1,800 yuan per month (please compare the car you raised), so the house was about 4,000 yuan. Xining stipulated in the third year that officials who did not have their own homes (廨) would be given a monthly subsidy of 5 yuan. So the lease fee of 5000 per month should allow them to rent a more decent house in Kaifeng so-so.

I thought about it this morning, and the 170,000 houses on the edge of Kaifeng City in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty were rented out for only 1.5 yuan a month, and it was only 50 wen a day.

To light an oil lamp, the cost of a lamp is 300 wen a month.

According to Cheng Minsheng's information, the price of oil is between 30 and 100 wen per catty. It only takes a little more than one or two oils to light the lamp every night. There is no difference between cooking oil and lamp oil. The reason is also that the Song people do not eat fried or fried food.

During the Gaozong period, the world was in turmoil, and prices were expensive. Transcribe a 32-year renewal of Shaoxing's capital governance:

Fan Luo commanded Liu Quan, Li Bao, and Wei Jin, gathered the people of the state, and carried out his fellow acquaintance, Zhongjing doctor Guo Qi. The people of the state all greeted the Song army with fragrant flowers, and there were snotty people. The officials of the Daning River Village held on to the gold, and the people split their corpses and sacrificed their heads. The generals have the city, and the party compiles the treasury, and everyone shows off their merits and is not able to do so, or they say that they should temporarily reward the army, and pay more than ten dollars for each person. When the food was expensive, the cooking cake was worth dozens of dollars, and the soldiers were given, and they criticized it and said: We are waiting to donate our lives to Hezhou, and now our lives are cheap, and they are not worth a cooking cake! ”

Song Bing used the price of cooking cakes to measure the purchasing power of the bounty.

During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, there was a Taishou who specially asked a veteran to buy flour and make his own cooking cakes, and after calculating the price, he went to the door to sell cooking cakes. Tell him: I've tried, and the raw materials for making a cooking cake are only 6 yuan, and now you sell 20 yuan for a huge profit. Go back and you modify the price and sell it for 10 wen, the profit is enough. As a result, the price of the cookcake boss would rather die than reduce the price, and the price of the entire city's cookcake still did not drop。。。。。 The Song Dynasty did not look up to annexation, which is also one of the few examples I know of where the government directly issued orders to intervene in market prices. It happens to be a cookcake again.

A gorgeous dress turned out to be 10,000 yuan, and now the high-end kimono customized in Japan is tens of millions of yen, and the custom clothing of the top luxury brands in Europe is also hundreds of thousands of dollars, but if it is calculated according to purchasing power parity, it still can't catch up with this set of clothes in the Song Dynasty.

This set of clothes was used by envoys, and the price was indeed very high. The Sprinkle family is still inclined not to accept it.

The price of mutton in the Song Dynasty was several times that of other meats, which shows its popularity, but shabu was not the most popular way to eat it at that time.

Reference:

According to the statistics of 1808, the food consumption of a member of a family member of a medium-sized peasant household was about 5 shillings per week. These consumption included 2 pounds of cured meats, vegetables, half a gram of brown bread, 213 gallons of skim milk, 1 pound of cheese, 1015 pints of light beer. Yoman, who was in better financial conditions, could spend up to 7 shillings and 315 pence per person per week, and in addition to the above, it included 7 pints of light beer, half a pound each of butter and sugar, and 1 English tael of tea (3). Of course, from a modern point of view, this kind of living consumption is far from being rich, especially the living expenses of the lower class peasant households are still relatively poor. Even low-income farmers have been able to maintain their health for a period of time, and their average meals are nutritious (4). It is also worth mentioning that after the 15th century, English peasants added certain rituals to their meals, not only to fill their stomachs, but also to require a certain atmosphere and comfort of the meal. The dining table was covered with linen or coarse canvas, and there were many rules for eating, with the only chair being the man of the house, and the others sitting on benches or stools. In wealthier households, wash hands before meals and use metal basins and linen towels. As was the custom of the peasants of continental Europe, women often stood by and waited on the men and the whole family, and were called "mothers at the table". Even in poorer families, decorative clay vases are placed on the dining table. They believe that eating keeps family members in harmony, just as Whitsunday beer in church strengthens the public's sense of community (5).

In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the price of rice per stone was generally between 100 and 300 wen, and the price of pigu was between 50 and 150 wen per stone. From the late Renzong period to the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the price of grain has been rising steadily, with the price of stone rice always around 400 to 1,000 wen and 1,500 wen, and the price of pigu is between 200 wen and 700 wen per stone. In the early Southern Song Dynasty, the price of stone rice rose to more than 1,000 wen to more than 2,000 wen, and the price of pigu stone was 500 wen to more than 1,000 wen. In the later period of the Southern Song Dynasty, the price of stone rice continued to rise to more than 2,000 wen and 3,000 wen, while the price of Pigu was more than 1,000 wen and 1,500 wen per stone.

Officers of all levels stationed in the army are paid according to their ranks. After the thirteenth year of Shaoxing (1143), "supply money" was issued to officers at all levels. That is, military post salary (post allowance). Specifically, there are 7 types: 200 yuan per month for the commander of the garrison army, 180 yuan for the deputy commander of the capital for the month, 150 yuan for the commander and deputy commander, 100 for the commander, 50 for the main general and the same general, 40 for the deputy general, and 30 for the preparation general

After the 15th century, English peasants added certain rituals to their meals, not only to fill their stomachs, but also to require a certain atmosphere and comfort of the meal. The dining table was covered with linen or coarse canvas, and there were many rules for eating, with the only chair being the man of the house, and the others sitting on benches or stools. In wealthier households, wash hands before meals and use metal basins and linen towels. As was the custom of the peasants of continental Europe, women often stood by and waited on the men and the whole family, and were called "mothers at the table". Even in poorer families, decorative clay vases are placed on the dining table. They believe that eating keeps family members in harmony, just as Whitsunday beer in church strengthens the public's sense of community (5).

In the 13th century, the houses of the villagers were rectangular and generally twice as long as they were wide: 12-15 feet wide and 25-30 feet long. Many homes are a bit longer, typically ranging from 35 to 45 feet. Most of the peasants of the 13th century lived in such longhouses, where people and livestock lived under the same roof, at opposite ends of the house. Although this type of house remained only on the edge of the highlands after the 16th century, it was widely distributed in the 13th century. These mixed dwellings are often flanked by barns or other outbuildings such as bakeries, which are often enclosed into separate houses. At one end of the longhouse, i.e., the dwelling quarter, it is generally divided into two rooms, one is a living room with a stove (i.e. hall) and the other is a bedroom, which may also double as a kitchen or storage room. The doors open opposite each other on either side of the longhouse. The house had almost no windows, for example the house described in a 1281 document had only 2 windows, and the doors and windows were small and had no glass to protect against the cold. The construction and materials of the house vary from region to region. Where timber is abundant, wooden structures are the main ones, and walls are built on both sides of the wooden structure with materials such as fences, straws, and clay. The roof is paved with thatch. In some highland areas, such as in Koteswood, houses are mainly made of stone. Poorer peasant families had only one stone house and another simple wooden house. Some of the poorest peasants lived in round-shaped huts with adobe walls. Peasant houses do not have kitchens, so when cooking or heating, an open stove is placed in the living room, and since there is no chimney, a tiled ventilation hole is often reserved on the thatched roof opposite the stove to escape smoke and dissipate heat. Obviously, the smoke exhaust effect is not too good, and the smell of smoke is always in the house all year round. The ground was made of earth, and sometimes it was covered with sand and rushes. From wills before the 16th century, the furniture was very simple, with a very crude table, a cabinet and a few benches being the basic furnishings. The most valuable are utensils such as copper kettles and pots, which are often mentioned in wills. The mats on the bed are filled with straw and vegetable velvet. Livestock and poultry come and go in and out of the house, and the stench of manure and the soot of burning fires fill the air (1). The foundations of the 15th century are no different from those of the earlier period, but the level of carpentry in above-ground buildings has improved, such as the wood-framed tradition in the south-east, where there are about 1,000 species in Kent alone. The emergence of distinctive "luxury" buildings in Essex, Kent, Surrey and Sussex suggests that the upper class peasants had adopted a more majestic architectural style. In the middle is the hall, flanked by double-storey rooms, so that the peasant has five rooms, whereas in the past there were usually only two or three; The hall is also decorated with a modern roof. century, throughout the east and southeast of England, double-storey buildings were everywhere. 15 In the west, from Darwin to Warwickshire, double-storey buildings are replacing old-style peasant housing. The open hall is heated by a hearth, and the roof is equipped with smoke holes or shutters to exhaust smoke. More efficient heating and smoke extraction facilities were available in the farmers' houses, and in some cases there were smoke hoods hanging above the hearths. The roof began to use slate tiles, even ceramic tiles, and a stronger wooden structure supported it, so that the cost of the house also increased. A farmer's 3-spaced dwelling would cost £2-3, which is often their annual income. Farmers' housing areas appear to be relatively spacious, and it is estimated that it is not uncommon for the average living space per capita to exceed 200 square feet; It is more common for the average household to have an average living area of 70-90 square feet (approximately 8-11 square meters) per person. According to Dyer, such a per capita living area is larger than in medieval southern Europe and more than some modern Third World countries (1). On the whole, the housing conditions during this period were still in a transitional period. The floor of the house is always damp, and although the drainage pipes that pass through the ground can occasionally be found, they are of poor quality and the ground is often overflowing. The heating and smoke extraction of the house is still not very effective, and the doors and windows are still cramped, which makes the house dark and stuffy. Open-air toilets are located in vegetable gardens and are often at risk of contaminating drinking water. However, the minor improvements to peasant housing in 1350-1520 prepared for major alterations in 1570-1640.

Between 1570 and 1640, the standard and comfort of rural housing in England improved on a larger scale. The most striking

The changes are an increase in the number of buildings and the rebuilding of the houses of the croppers who are in a better economic position. The new housing has a new structure and design, providing more living rooms. Upstairs is the living room, and the stairwell cabin is also indispensable in use. The traditional large room is now divided into smaller rooms with partitions, which are given special purposes, such as bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens, pantries and servants' bedrooms. Chimneys were built, and the rich men put glass on the windows, and the rooms became brighter. By the middle of the 17th century, a typical farmhouse had 3-6 rooms, some reaching 10. Many buildings from this period have been preserved. For example, stone farmhouses near the Yorkshire Dales often have the date of construction engraved in capital letters on the front lintel. The farmhouse halls of Kent and Sussex in the south were modernised by the Elizabethan era. Farmhouses in the West Midlands are known for their black and white wooden structures. The wills of this period also show that the number and variety of furniture, bedding and some other household utensils and tools have increased considerably, as well as their value. In the village of Wigston in Leicestershire, for example, between 1529 and 1560, the average farmer's household furnishings accounted for 10 to 15 per cent of his total personal property, and after the middle of the 16th century this figure rose to between 20 and 40 per cent (2). At the same time, the practice of hot and cold baths has spread in the countryside, and baths are often found in rural households and public baths in villages. Preventive measures against traditional diseases have been taken through the establishment of many isolation hospitals for infectious diseases. Medicine and surgery were also extended to rural towns. It can also be seen from the housing that the differentiation of peasant society is accelerating. The poorest peasants were mostly landless vagrants whose huts were built in the wilderness or jungle. The structure of such huts is so simple that they can often be built overnight. It was customary that if a hut built on wasteland was built overnight, the owner of the hut was entitled to be exempt from all kinds of taxes. The huts were mainly made of stone and earth, and in 1602 a writer wrote of the Cornwall huts: "mud walls and low thatched roofs, with almost no partitions, no floors, no glass windows, and no chimneys, and the so-called smoke extraction equipment is nothing more than a small hole dug in the wall...... "The rural hired workers were better dwelled, often with at least two rooms, and a room for food." Storage room and sometimes a milk/room or cheese room. But there is no separate kitchen, but cooking in the living room (3).

The income and expenditure of a medium-sized peasant household in a normal year and a famine year (1) must be typical because it is deliberately compared with the situation in the famine year. The results of this comparison are as follows: income in a common year: 61 shillings 4 pence in a famine year: 42 shillings 5 pence in expenditure