After sending off the fee, everyone sat down in the order of sitting!

"As you see ......"

Li Mu looked around at the people in the hall and asked loudly with a smile on his face: "As an official, is morality first, or talent?" ”

Hearing what his lord said, everyone's hearts were shocked and they became worried.

"Lord!"

After a while, Jiang Wan seemed to have thoughts, and said loudly: "As Jiang Wan sees...... With both ability and political integrity, it is naturally the best! If you can't have both, you should put morality first! ”

"What Gong Yan said is reasonable!"

Zhuge Liang first affirmed a sentence, and then said what he thought in his heart, "It's just ...... Now, in the midst of troubled times, those who win the hearts of the people win the world; Only those who have won talents can strengthen their strength as quickly as possible and end the troubled times as soon as possible. What I see in the light...... The lord should measure people, and only use them! Of course...... The moral conduct of those who are officials should not be ignored! ”

"What Gongyan and Kong Ming said makes sense!"

Li Mu nodded, looked around at the people in the hall, and said in a solemn voice: "With both ability and political integrity, how easy is it to talk about?" Virtuous and talentless, it is a mediocre person; Talented but not virtuous, but also a mediocre person! These two kinds of people have their pros and cons! Only those who have both ability and political integrity are the sages of the world! ”

Everyone thought about it for a while and nodded yes!

Li Mu looked at the people in the hall and asked with a smile, "Right now...... The election system of the Han Dynasty...... What are the ways to do it? ”

Although everyone knows in their hearts, their own lord must be clear...... The Han Dynasty's election system, for a while, still failed to understand why his own lord asked this question.

"Lord!"

Jiang Wan replied loudly: "Strictly speaking...... The election system of the Han Dynasty only has the 'probation system'...... This way! ”

Li Mu still said loudly with a smile on his face: "Gongyan, let's talk about it in detail!" ”

Jiang Wan nodded and spoke eloquently......

According to Jiang Wan's detailed explanation, the 'probationary system' can be summarized as:

The probation system, that is, election, is a bottom-up system that selects talents as officials.

In the Han Dynasty, there were roughly four criteria for selecting officials, namely...... First, the virtue is subtle, and the ambition is innocent; second, to learn the general practice, the doctor of classics; Third, the laws and regulations are enough to resolve doubts, and they can be re-questioned according to the chapters, and the imperial history in the text; Fourth, resolute and strategic, not confused, clear enough to decide, only to serve as three auxiliary orders, all have filial piety and honesty!

It is known as the "Four Disciplines"!

The four branches of scholars originated in the Western Han Dynasty, and in the Eastern Han Dynasty, this system of electing officials was still continued.

When the probation system selects officials, sometimes, only one or two of them are used; Sometimes, it's all four. In any case, there will be temporary provisions of the edict.

The standard of probation, or rather, the major subjects of the probationary system for the selection of officials, is only four subjects; However, there are many specific subjects for the selection of officials. There are mainly special subjects such as filial piety, Maocai, virtuous and square, literature (usually referring to scriptures), as well as special subjects temporarily stipulated in the Ming Classics, Ming Laws, Youyi, Drama, Art of War, Yin and Yang Disasters, etc.

Like "filial piety" and "Maocai", these are all fame! With fame, you can live an official position!

In fact, these probationary subjects are divided into "annual examinations" and "special examinations". The annual promotion is a common system, and the special promotion is temporarily stipulated by the imperial decree, but both are systems for selecting talents from the bottom up.

The election of officials in the Han Dynasty is based on the "election of the township", which reflects the respect for the authority of the public opinion in the township to judge the morality and ability of the scholars.

However, the drawbacks of this seemingly "democratic" system of electing officials are obvious.

This is because although the system of selecting officials is a system with systematic regulations, this system of selecting officials is a system of "mainly selecting officials", not a system of "taking the law as the standard"! This kind of system is very easy to be monopolized by families and nobles!

The promotion of Confucianism throughout the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty, especially the implementation of Dong Zhongshu's "deposing a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", provided the ideological conditions for the formation of a social atmosphere that attaches importance to virtue.

Subsequently, the "filial piety and honesty system" became a stable system for entering the office, which provided institutional conditions for the formation of a social atmosphere that valued virtue.

If you want to become an official, you must be recommended by someone else, and the prerequisites for being recommended are...... in order to

personal virtue represented by filial piety; Secondly, it is to examine a person's true talent and learning!

In a word, the inspection system is based on morality first, and quantity is the last!

It took a quarter of an hour for Jiang Wan to explain the system of "inspecting and electing officials" clearly.

"Looking at the ...... today"

Li Mu stood up, looked around at everyone, and asked in a deep voice, "What you have seen and heard...... How many of those who are officials are ...... There is a real talent and practical learning, and the ...... is applied by the world Real talent? ”

Everyone's hearts fell, and the look on their faces was immediately a little dignified!

Jiang Wan coughed lightly and replied solemnly: "There are few!" ”

"In the initial period, the probation system was indeed the social ...... of the world Useful talents have been selected. However, at this time, the power to inspect and elect officials has long been controlled by the family and the aristocracy! ”

"To give a very simple example, the reason why the Yuan family, known as the 'Fourth World and Three Princes', can have such a prominent century-old foundation is because of ...... The Yuan family controls the public opinion of the election of officials! The Yuan family is like this, a family in the world...... And so it is! ”

"Dahan can come this far, the family is the biggest bane!"

Li Mu stepped down from the main seat, came to the center of the hall, paced around the crowd, and said in a deep voice.

The expressions on everyone's faces were a little solemn again!

"Looking at the world, how many talents are buried in the countryside and hidden under the wings of the family, and it is difficult to get ahead!

Looking at the world, how many children from poor families will not be able to read a word all their lives, and it will be difficult to get ahead in their lives, even if it is ...... He has innate abilities! ”

Li Mu paced the hall and said in a solemn voice: "There are wise people who eat wisdom, and strong people who work hard; There are wise people who govern people, and powerful people rule people! Because ...... The powerful family manipulates and monopolizes the world's public opinion and official channels, and the children of the poor family have no way to get ahead! Over time, the family became more and more powerful, and the poor family had to be driven by it! ”

Everyone nodded solemnly and said yes!

"Looking at the world, except for Kong Ming, there is ...... alone"

Li Mu looked at Zhuge Liang's direction, and said in a deep voice with a respectful face: "Among you, in my Liangzhou army, in the whole world, there are countless Confucian scholars who are proficient, but those who are proficient in the hundred schools of thought are ...... I'm afraid there are very few! And I, Li Mu...... I don't even know much about the most basic Confucian classics! ”

Zhuge Liang stood up, and said loudly with respect on his face: "Although the lord does not know the Confucian classics, he is proficient in the royal way and domineering!" ”

"I just know a little bit about the skin!"

Li Mu shook his head and said with a smile, and then said in a deep voice: "From now on, restart the hundred schools of thought and reproduce the grand occasion of the hundred schools of thought!" ”

In addition to a few generals of Dian Wei, Zhuge Liang, Jiang Wan, Zhang Ji, Zhuge Jun, Pang Shanmin and other ministers, their hearts were stunned, and they all looked at their own lords!