Chapter 278: Refining Sulfuric Acid
Zhu Shun packed up and set off to return to Beijing, and Ma Shiying, the first cool official in the capital, happened to come to investigate the construction of Dalinghe Fort, but he happened to be wrong.
Jiao Miao, the second disciple who was far away in the Jingshi University Hall, dragged a wide right coat, and led a group of students from the Beijing Normal University Hall who were also thin and wearing a wide right coat to a small river at the mouth of the Yongding River.
It is a tributary that only flows in Liangxiang County, because the high-grade watered fields of Beizhili were destroyed by the Jurchens, scattering a large amount of lime, causing the land to be completely abandoned.
After a long time, the land on the banks of the river was deserted, and the bureaucrats and gentry could only hire long-term laborers to turn over the silt and fertilize the soil little by little, but there was too much land, and five years had passed, and even five hundred acres of land had not been fertilized.
For the high-quality irrigated fields along the banks of the river, it is not a drop in the bucket.
Jiao Miao brought a group of students from Beijing Normal University to come over, not once or twice, since he began to study the refining of sulfuric acid, it has been a year.
The refining of sulfuric acid is dangerous and polluting.
The location of the simple laboratory used in refining is very important, mainly because the selection of wind direction is very exquisite, and it is generally in the downwind outlet.
In order to find the right wind direction, Jiao Miao ran for more than half a month, and finally found a suitable wind direction location in a tributary of the Yongding River.
Said to be a tributary, this river is not small at all, the river is about three zhang wide, because it is backed by the Yongding River, unless it is a drought year, there is rarely a dry period.
On the bank of the river near a small hill was a simple cement house, with only a main hall and two transepts, plus a large courtyard surrounded by a tall cement wall.
Five disabled Liaodong border soldiers were recruited with silver, carrying doumi-style rifles, and guarded here for a long time, and the silver was deducted from the research funds approved by the Education Department.
A few miles away from this cement house, rows of thatched houses were built, where Jiao Miao and others usually lived.
After breakfast, Jiao Miao took a group of thin geniuses who gathered like things, dragged their wide right clothes, and got on a mule cart to the laboratory.
There are still more than 100 meters away from the laboratory, so I will walk there instead.
Sulfuric acid is corrosive and requires wearing chemical protective clothing, and the current chemical system has not yet been established, let alone chemical protective clothing, which can only be topped with thick cotton clothing.
A group of Mune students walked into the laboratory, in the middle of the laboratory is a small kiln, on which is placed a glass container, the edge of the bottom of the container is connected to the glass conduit, and below the conduit is a beaker.
Jiao Miao walked over with a wooden expression, his movements were stiff like a wooden man, and he stood next to the dry distillation experimental vessel: "Soap alum." ”
In the box in the far corner of a student of Beijing Normal University, he took out a piece of soap alum ore and put it in Jiao Miao's hand.
Saponarum is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, as early as in the "Yellow Emperor's Neijing" there is a record of saponalum, which can be used to treat many diseases such as weak spleen and yellow swelling, red and rotten eyes, and inability to stool.
The color is turquoise-green, and the shape resembles crystals such as crystals.
Jiao Miao's palm, with thick gloves, took the soap alum and put it in the glass container: "Record." ”
"The smell is sour, the surface is cool, and it is non-toxic."
"Start the dry distillation."
The way to refine sulfuric acid is not difficult, that is, to dry distill the sapona.
Although the dry distillation method is simple, as long as the sulfuric acid can be refined, it is of great significance to the chemical system of the Ming Dynasty.
Achieve zero breakthrough!
After receiving the order of the dean, a student of the Beijing Normal University began to burn the fire, and it was not long before the small fire kiln burst into flames.
The temperature in the cement room rises rapidly.
It's summer, and the talented students in thick cotton clothes, covering their noses, and wearing gloves are sweating all over their bodies.
But no one cried out that he was tired.
It's good that the conditions are simple, but in order to find the truth, this hardship is nothing.
It didn't take long for the glass vessel to soften, and the dry distillation failed again.
Only when a certain temperature is reached, can sulfuric acid be distilled, and the glass container does not have a fixed melting point, sometimes high and sometimes low.
In order to refine sulfuric acid, Jiao Miao has softened the glass of more than a thousand taels of silver, but he still has not found a suitable glass container.
This is also the reason why Zhu Shun wanted to build a quartz sand glass factory, the softening temperature of ordinary glass in the Ming Dynasty was about 500 °C, and the softening point of quartz sand glass was 1600 °C.
Glass is used to sell for money on the one hand, and more importantly, it is one of the preconditions for the establishment of a chemical system, and it is also a precondition for pharmaceutical factories.
The dry distillation experiment failed, Jiao Miao didn't know how many times he had seen it, and he took out a glass container with a wooden expression and put it on it, and continued the experiment.
Experiments continued until the evening.
Just as Jiao Miao and the other genius students were about to go back, a thin student who had recorded the changes in the beaker, Mu Ne's expression suddenly turned into fanatic: "Dean, sulfuric acid." ”
Hearing a sentence of sulfuric acid, the thin genius students, who had mechanically repeated the experiment for more than a year and had experienced more than a year of boredom, all dragged their wide right coats and ran over.
A little colorless distillate was seen at the bottom of the beaker.
Sulfuric acid distillation was successful!
Jiao Miao and the genius students, the wooden expressions on their faces were all replaced by a frenzy.
The genius student who first discovered sulfuric acid made a gesture of shaking his hand.
Others definitely didn't understand what this meant, so Jiao nodded a little.
The thin genius students saw the dean nod, and the expressions on their faces became even more fanatical, and a group of people dragged out of the laboratory with wide right coats, and the last one extinguished the kiln fire.
When they came to the courtyard, the thin genius students all stretched out their right hands, and there was an extra string of cannons in their hands, and they took out one of them and took out the fire fold.
The students of the Beijing Normal University Hall gathered around Jiao Miao were all gunpowder fanatics, and the Ming Dynasty Chemical Industry finally achieved a zero breakthrough, and the way to celebrate was not to drink or find prostitutes.
It's about playing with a cannon.
Just when all the thin genius students were about to light the cannon, Jiao Miao shook it, walked into the ear room next to it, and dragged something out of it.
The emaciated genius students were extremely enthusiastic on the spot, like a caravan dying of thirst in the desert, and finally came across a lake.
What Jiao Miao dragged out was nothing else, it was a paper-shell rocket he asked for from his fourth brother Zhao Doumi.
Zhao Doumi didn't want to give it to the third brother, but it wasn't that he was stingy, but this thing was too dangerous.
However, thinking that the third brother had such a hobby, he gave him a batch of special paper-shell rockets, which accounted for more of the propulsion gunpowder and less of the explosive gunpowder.
Jiao Miao took out a total of ten rockets, and the leads were also lengthened by him and twisted together.
The fuse was ignited, and the 'Boom' quickly ignited all the rockets.
Jiao Miao and the thin genius students looked feverishly at the night sky.
The night sky was completely darkened, and ten dazzling sparks exploded.
At this historic moment, Jiao Miao ignited the rocket and celebrated the zero breakthrough of Daming Chemical.
()