Chapter 256 Talking about righteousness in his life, the two surnames are kings
As early as the first year of Chongde (1636), Gushi Khan sent a mission to establish contact with the Manchu regime and was received by Huang Taiji.
At that time, he was also the leader of the Oirat Mongols, and the Oirat Mongols were not only not dealing with the Kazakhs in the west, nor with the Tsarist Russia in the north, but also against the Khalkha Mongols in the east.
Because of long-distance and close-range attacks.
Huang Taiji had already dealt with Lin Dan Khan at that time, that is, he had dealt with southern Mongolia, and wouldn't it be a threat to Khalkha Mongolia in northern Mobei.
In the second year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1645), Gushi Khan at that time had entered the Qinghai Sea in the west, and then marched into Tibet, defeated Zangba Khan, sat in Tibet for more than three years, and established the vast Heshute Khanate.
Gushi Khan's grandfather, Bobemir We, his father, Hanino Yan Honggol, and his eldest brother Baibhagasi (and his eldest son, Ozirtu Khan) were the lords of the Oirat League for generations—not the Khan. The leader of the alliance had the right to convene the various ministries, and the king of the Khan had the right to centralize the leadership of his own ministry. Therefore, the leader of the Oirat alliance cannot be called Oirat Khan, but the leader of the Heshute tribe was the Heshute Khan or the Dzungar Khan of the Dzungar tribe when he established his power. After the eldest brother Baibagas was killed, he succeeded him as the leader of the alliance because of his bravery and good fighting, and made his eldest nephew Ozirtu Khan the leader of the alliance before going to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
After coming to Qinghai, Gushi Khan launched a series of wars against the Khalkha Mongol tribe Chotu Khan, who occupied Qinghai at this time and was the enemy of the Yellow Sect, and beheaded Tu Khan and his 40,000 people in three years. Then he marched into Tibet, destroyed the Zangba Khan, who was the enemy of the Yellow Sect, seized the local power in Tibet, and supported the Yellow Sect.
By last year, that is, the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty and the eighteenth year of Ming Chongzhen, another three years had passed. During these more than three years, he vigorously supported the Yellow Sect, and donated the tax revenue of the former and Houzang to the fifth Shida as the temple expenses. In addition to the day-to-day government affairs of his friend, the regent of the Yellow Sect, and the cuisine of Diba Sonam Raodan, the high-ranking officials of Tibet were appointed by him, and the "Thirteen Laws" were formulated, and new official posts such as Kalun Daben were added, so as to improve the local administrative organs of Tibet, directly control the Tibetan army, firmly grasp the local power of Qinghai and Tibet, and regard himself as the protector of the Yellow Sect.
He also divided the territory of Qinghai into two wings, left and right, starting from the East Keer Temple in the west of Xining (in present-day Huangyuan County, Qinghai), along the upper reaches of the present-day Huangshui, Qinghai Lake, Buha River, Bulongji River and Ejina River as the eastern and northern wings as the left wing, and the western and southern wings as the right wing. The left flank included present-day Haibei, northwestern Qaidam, western Gansu and the Ejina River basin, and the right flank included the southern part of present-day Yellow River, Hainan, Yushu Guoluo and southeastern Qaidam Basin. His eight sons led their troops to the herds, and they became the base of the Mongols of Heshute. It was stipulated that all taxes in Qinghai and western Sichuan should be paid by the Heshuo Special Department of Qinghai.
It can be said that the Gushi Khan, who is now firmly established, seems to occupy half of China, and the entire western region, Qinghai-Tibet, and the Western Regions are all in his sphere of influence.
Of course, Gu Shi Khan, who occupies such a vast territory, is not very powerful. There are only more than 200,000 people in the Heshuo Special Department, and the real Ding Zhuang is only 50,000 or 60,000. After all, the Heshute tribe was only one of the four major tribes of the Oirat Mongols, while the other Dzungar, Turghut and Dulbert Mongols each had their own leaders. At the same time, in the hometown of the Heshute Ministry, his nephew Ozirtu Khan also had many clansmen. There are more than 200,000 Heshute people, and it is good that there are more than 100,000 people who can follow Gushi Khan.
The Oirat Mongol Quadruple Alliance has been around for a long time, but it has always been a loose tribal alliance.
However, Gushi Khan, who was over 60 years old, after consolidating the land of Qinghai-Tibet, was not satisfied, but sent his sixth son, Dorzidase Batur, to Yanjing to express to the Manchu Qing the willingness of Heshute Mongolia to submit to Emperor Shunzhi/Dolgon. The reason is simple, he wants Xining.
Although Li Zicheng and Shuote Mongolia implemented a policy of well water and no river water.
But there is such a saying, people do not hurt the tiger, and the tiger harms people's hearts.
Gu Shi Khan, who occupies most of the Qinghai area, feels that Xining Wei is awkward no matter how you look at it.
In addition, Li Zicheng is a Han Chinese, Gushi Khan does not believe him congenitally, compared with the Han people, or the Manchu Qing have more common language.
In this case, Dorzida Sebatur's tribute was warmly welcomed by the Manchu high-level. Dorgon went out of the city to greet him.
Hei Bingtai didn't hear too much about the interior, only knew that Dorzida Sebatur had received a very high favor in Yanjing City, which made Zheng Zhilong have to think of the possibility of Gushi Khan joining forces with the Manchu Qing Dynasty and giving Li Zicheng a knife in the back. And if that's the case......
"Master Hou is afraid that there will be big changes in the north?" Chen Ding's face also changed suddenly after reading the information.
"Time is not waiting for me......" Zheng Zhilong's words have too many meanings.
"But......" Chen Ding hesitated for a moment, and finally decided to ask. Your Majesty must know that the gentry are the foundation of the country, and the monarchs of all dynasties have ruled the world with the scholars. ”
Zheng Zhilong's current behavior is to push all the gentry in the world to Li Shun in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, what will he do in the future?
Is it just those students who are trained by the masters?
He did not believe.
Those individuals are not even as good as students in Chen Ding's eyes, they are just some small officials. Be able to write and read, or basic arithmetic, and then follow the rules and regulations.
How can such a group of people achieve great things?
"Of course I know Wen Yanbo's words: The Son of Heaven and the scholars rule the world, not the people. It's a pity that Dr. Bishi is no longer the husband of the Han and Tang Dynasties. ”
When Zheng Zhilong said this, he couldn't help but think of a poem, a poem written by Qianlong's prodigal son: "Talking about righteousness in his life, the two surnames are kings; There is no basis for advancing and retreating, and there is light in the article. It's really a wine urn, I often see a sachet, and I run away from Zen at the end, it was Meng Balang. ”
Qianlong had a very bad impression of Qian Qianyi, so he wrote more than 40,000 poems in his lifetime, and Zheng Zhilong remembered this one very clearly.
Is it sarcastic or not?
Chen Ding's face was red, after all, he was also a scholar and made a name for himself. "What Master Hou said, Chen is embarrassed."
"Those officials and gentry who are shameless and greedy for life and afraid of death, are they really loyal to the Ming Dynasty or the Han family? Neither. They are faithful to their own interests. If he really wants to be loyal to me, how can Benhou refuse it? ”
"When you go back to Quanzhou, you will preside over an exam. It is not a county test, a government test, or a township test. It's a pen test I asked you to organize. The people who took it were all civil servants, that is, local officials. Make it clear to them. The area of Luzon is vast, and the Hou remediates the place, and there are many knives and pens needed, so they come to take the test. ”
"Only those under the age of 40 can take the exam, regardless of their status. It doesn't matter if you are a beggar on the street or a turtle in the Qinglou, as long as you have the ability to get the test questions right, you will be on the list. ”
"Although the status of the person taken by this post test is very low, Luzon is not the Central Plains, but the officials are connected."
Zheng Zhilong is speeding up his own progress, using force as a foundation, and forcefully implementing policies that are incompatible with the will of the 'Great Tomorrow'.
Chen Ding's expression changed when he heard this, and his own lord was really able to toss.
Since the establishment of the nine-grade Zhongzheng system in the Wei and Jin dynasties, officials distinguish Confucian officials in addition to rank, and the power is in the center, emphasizing the inside and ignoring the outside, and the differentiation trend of official products is clear, and the officials have become more and more humble, and it has been more than 1,000 years. Although in the Song and Ming dynasties, it was already a major trend for Xu officials to be extremely lowly and powerful.
The scribes were mostly native-borns. They have served in the Yamen government for a long time or even for generations, controlling all the rooms of the Yamen, and the so-called 'officials have been transferred, but the officials have not changed'. The officials and officials of the government are all locals. Over time, these officials colluded closely with local forces. Staying in his post for a long time, doing his job for a long time, coupled with the intertwined local connections, has created a professional monopoly on the office of the officials, so that the officials actually hold the real power of local administration in their respective lines and to a certain extent.
It is not impossible to get power up and down one by one, and it is not impossible to put together the main hall officials. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, there was a huge difference between the amount of "registered land" reported by local towns and towns and the "actual land requisitioned" actually controlled by the county order yamen. And most of the truth and falsehood of this information are in the hands of the officials who have lived in their positions for a long time.
Scribes and servants at all levels below the county level play an important role in land measurement, fiscal clearance, and tax assessment, and are in an important position in both profit-making and protection-oriented brokers. This situation has not really changed in the original time and space, and even in the Republic of China period.
Zheng Zhilong's tolerance for these corrupt officials is exactly the same as that of the corrupt officials, not to mention that it is impossible to completely isolate them. But you can't know what's wrong, just turn a blind eye just because it's easy to save trouble and effort.
It is not uncommon for the officials of the main court to join forces to erect and restrain the interests of their subordinates because of the infringement of the interests of the officials in the main hall, and the officials and scribes of the past dynasties have also been criticized everywhere. But no one wants to change it.
If a scholar has a lord, his name is more important than profit; If there is no honor, the profit is more important than the name.
Zheng Zhilong can't tolerate it.
But in Chen Ding's opinion, Zheng Zhilong is obviously good for the officials, look, I have broken through the barriers between you and the officials, but in fact, I am harvesting the real power of the officials, which is really to offend the gentry and tyrants together.
The social status of those officials is not high, but the family behind them is usually a local snake with intricate branches, and Song Heizi on the Water Margin is the most obvious example.
Zheng Zhilong seems to have given the officials an upward channel, but he may not be cursed by many people behind his back.
It's just that Chen Ding's worries were not taken to heart by Zheng Zhilong.
As long as his strength is strong enough, then all opposition parties are paper tigers, and all those who stand up against him are also violating the torrent of history and acting as a car with a mantis arm that does not measure their own strength.
"When you return to Quanzhou, do as I tell you. Those who are willing to follow me Zheng Zhilong, will they be given the opportunity? Look at who is jumping, see who is dishonest, and they are the first to migrate. Zheng Zhilong then said.
After Chen Ding retreated, Zheng Zhilong sent two more letters to Jinling, which were from Wei Guogong and Jiang Dejing, when would his duke title be finalized. He has changed the name of Manila to Xinjing, isn't this obvious?
Didn't Emperor Chongzhen want to kick him out. Don't be stingy with the title, give it quickly, it's better if you really want to be crowned king.
Then he sent a letter to Ruan Dayue, asking him to write a letter and send it to the General Affairs Department, and the right to congratulate Xi Chongzhen (Zuo Liangyu died of illness).