Today, let's talk about the household registration system of the Ming Dynasty, take it easy, and see how powerful the most diligent emperor in history, Comrade Lao Zhu.

In the era of Zhu Yuanzhang, the household registration management was quite strict, because it was closely related to the country's taxation and the long-term peace and stability of the Ming Dynasty.

In the third year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered a nationwide census of the population, and the people must have a household register, which is equivalent to the current household registration book.

Let's give an example of a chestnut to show the household post of Comrade Wang Dongjie's family:

Name: Dongjie Wang; Age: 28 years old; Origin: Changshu County, Suzhou Prefecture, South Zhili; Current nationality: Longdun Village, Changshu County, Suzhou Prefecture, Nanzhili;

Family members: Zhang; Age: 26 years old; Relationship with the head of household: husband and wife; 1 child, still young;

Family property: three main houses, two auxiliary houses, 30 acres of medium cultivated land, half an acre of flower beds; One cow, one cart ......"

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a must in the household registration book, and the family property must be registered, which is also the society's recognition of your property ownership, and it is also an important basis for measuring your tax payment.

Our current household registration book does not have this function, whether you are from someone's ID card or household registration book, it is difficult to find out his real assets! This is a big difference from the Ming Dynasty, management is relatively lacking, should we learn from Comrade Zhu!

Household post, after being stamped by the county government, kept by the people themselves, there is a bound book, called the household registration book, after being copied in quadruplicate, it is reported to the household department and the province, the government and the county respectively, and one of the books of the household department, because the cover is made of yellow paper, so everyone calls it "yellow book".

One day, if Lao Zhu wants to know about the family property of young farmers, such as Wang Dongjie's family, he can notify the Nanjing household department to draw the book of Changshu County from the household register, and he only needs to check it casually, and it can be seen at a glance.

The national newspaper came up, it was more than 10,000 volumes, a lot of them, hidden in the east and west two libraries of Nanjing Houhu, and when they encountered sacrifices and other occasions, they had to be taken out to worship, so as to show that "the whole world is not the king's land, and the shore of the land is not the king's minister."

Due to the large number of yellow books, in order to facilitate taxation and compilation, the household department specially made a white book. At the end of each year, 1 person in the household department, 2 people in the imperial history, and 4 people in charge of the household department, a total of 7 people, carrying an abacus, crackling, checking errors, this is very critical, equivalent to today's tax inspectors, if something is found, there will be people below who will lose their heads.

By the way, this household department is a unique official position in the Ming Dynasty, compared with the six departments of officials, rites, households, soldiers, criminals, and workers, there are six departments to give things, which directly belong to the emperor, and the thirteen supervision of the imperial history are collectively referred to as "science and technology", which belongs to the category of speech officials, which is equivalent to the inspector of the committee in the later century + spokesman + Lu Xun + Li Ao + hooligans, such a complex, specializing in scolding and satirizing people.

Therefore, although the grade in the matter is low, there are only seven grades, but no one dares to provoke him, because he is a speech official, he can scold whoever he wants, Shoufu and the emperor scold, and it doesn't matter whether it is reasonable or unreasonable, because this is the task given to him by Lao Zhu, he can hear about it, suspect the crime, and scold without evidence, it is his right.

How is it, Lao Zhu is not quite ...... sometimes? Too young, too simple?

In addition, many imperial histories also do this work, so the court of the Ming Dynasty scolds people every day and quarrels every day......

Therefore, some people say that the Ming Dynasty was actually scolded!

……

In the fourteenth year of Hongwu, in order to facilitate the implementation of the yellow book system and improve the local institutions, Lao Zhu reformed it again and introduced the Li and A systems, don't underestimate these, this is more strict than today's neighborhood committees and villager groups!

Every 100 households are divided into one mile, and ten households with more labor and more grain are selected as the chiefs, and the other 100 households are divided into 10 households, and each of the 10 households is divided into 10 households, and the head of the household is called the head of the household.

One hundred and ten households per mile can be compiled into a volume, illustrated and illustrated, revised every ten years, among which those who live in the city, the address is called a certain square, the one not far from the city is called a certain box, and the countryside is a certain lane, and the three can be distinguished from the different degrees of urbanization.

Every year, when you need to go out of conscription, this is the time to send a chief, with ten leaders, a total of eleven people to bear the tolerance, ten A per mile, each A is responsible for one year, everyone is in a row, called "row year", a cycle every ten years, just in time for a new round of census.

In this way, ninety percent of the people every year no longer need to be disturbed, and the normal order of agricultural production and life in the countryside is protected.

In addition, widows and lonely families, belonging to families with special difficulties, and unable to afford forced labor, can be exempted, but they must be registered, and under the control of 100 households, which is called "abnormal zero".

Then I'm a monk of Kofukuji Temple, I have no dispute with the world, and I also have a practice license, so it should be fine, right? No, do you have any arable land? Yes, it's still a few thousand acres, I'm sorry, I have to be registered too!

Only monks who have no arable land can be exempted from forced labor, but they must also be recorded, also called "abnormal zero".

Some friends are very fond of a life of free migration, living in Beijing, unhappy, going to Shanghai; Living in Shanghai, not happy, go to Guangzhou...... This kind of person had a saying in the Ming Dynasty called "wanderers"!

If there are too many "displaced people", it is a sign of prosperity in modern times, but at that time, it was a shame for officials!

Because Lao Zhu wanted to investigate, "Why did they have a bad time with you and quietly moved away?" In this case, the good days of the parents are estimated to come to an end!

Therefore, once the hukou is registered, you cannot move freely, this is your place of origin, where are you? Be clear!

Keeping people in one place is often difficult for modern friends to understand, why is this happening? It's so inhumane.

In fact, Lao Zhu's reason is very simple, you register a company in Beijing, and the tax has not been paid, can you move to Shanghai? You think beautifully!

In this way, it is not difficult for us to understand why the Ming Dynasty set such rules, as soon as the hukou and state obligations are combined, of course, you are not allowed to move at will, otherwise, everything will be messed up.

Another example is conscription, it is only your turn once in ten years, it has not been your turn for nine years, and it is about to be your turn in the tenth year, but you pat your ass and shout, "Dude, bye, I moved to another place!" Without waiting for the magistrate to come forward, it is estimated that the neighbor's spit star will drown you! Do you still have morals?

……

In addition, Daming household registration is also divided into three categories, civilian, military, and craftsman; In fact, there is another category, which I am embarrassed to write in, that is, Lehu.

Nationality, that is, belonging to agriculture or business, self-financing, self-organized production and business activities; The military and the craftsman are different, the military refers to the professional soldiers, and the craftsman refers to the skilled workers, and the country has to pay wages for the work, which belongs to the "public meal"!

Civilian, military, and artisan statuses are equal, but you are not allowed to change back and forth, and the government needs to be stable, which is equivalent to agricultural households and urban households cannot change back and forth.

Of course, if your child is good at studying well, whether it is a civilian, a military, or a craftsman, he can take the exam to become an official, or even enter the central government, which will not be affected.

Thanks: "The Other Side of the Heart", "The Secret Promise of the Heart", "The End of the Heart", "Azure and Other Smoke and Rain", "Can't Think of It" Reward! Thank you!

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(End of chapter)