Chapter 14: The Difficult Beginning of the American Colonies

In July, after more than two months of arduous sailing, several ships bound for Cape Breton Island and the North American twin island colonies arrived at their destinations. The only way to www.biquge.info is to Grenada, because the distance is longer and it is still on the sea.

After arriving at the colony, everyone realized that the colony was not as good as they imagined. At least, at first, it wasn't so rosy.

Thankfully, they arrived in the colony during the summer months. If it is changed to winter, not to mention anything else, the branch on Cape Breton Island will definitely be frozen into dogs. Because, Cape Breton Island can also be cold to more than ten degrees below zero in winter. Even in the twin islands of North America, several degrees below zero is not a problem. If you emigrate in winter, because you don't have a house, you will definitely freeze to death.

But even in summer, there are a lot of troubles. First, immigrants don't have homes. So, the first thing people who arrive at Cape Breton Island and the North American twin islands is to go to logging en masse after disembarking. Then, the construction of houses was organized by those of the immigrants who knew how to work as carpenters and masons.

It's just that Marin had long anticipated these situations and specially sent a few craftsmen from Texel Island to direct everyone to build adobe houses.

The adobe house is simple to build and saves money. Moreover, the time is also fast. What's more, Marin "designed" an adobe house with an earthen kang inside. It's summer, and I can't see it yet. By the time winter comes, the advantages of such an adobe house will become apparent.

However, even if you want to build an adobe house, you have to cut down the trees first. Because, whether it is Cape Breton Island or the twin islands of North America, there are towering trees dozens of meters high everywhere, and they are primeval forests throughout. If you want to build a house on the island, you have to make a vacant lot first, right?

Therefore, the first thing the immigrants who have just arrived on Cape Breton Island and the two islands of North America (South Docket) is to cut down the big trees that are in the way......

Cutting down a tree is a very heavy physical task. In fact, the process of cutting down the big tree is not troublesome. The real trouble is to move the downed tree to the designated location, and to dig out the roots after cutting down the tree......

Among them, the most painful is digging up the roots of trees. This is not a small tree a few meters high, but a towering tree tens of meters high. Their roots, intertwined, can occupy an area of several tens of square meters. Digging out such roots and digging them clean is a big job.

In these years, there are no excavators, let alone Lanxiang technicians. Therefore, when we dig the roots of trees, we can only dig them with human power with shovels and pickaxes......

However, digging out the roots of trees covering an area of dozens of square meters from the deep buried ground is simply exhausting. Fortunately, these immigrants are all young people, otherwise, it would not have been possible.

In this way, 200 immigrants from Cape Bretton and 200 immigrants from America Island wasted their time digging tree roots in the first few days after arriving on the island.

Their boats were all parked in the Tamsui River, not near the Sydney mines of North Sydney, north of Sydney Bay, as Marlin had envisioned.

This is so for one reason - ship maggots......

The ship maggot is a very hateful animal, and their existence is simply the sworn enemy of the Great Voyage. Because these ship maggots will attach to the bottom of the sailboat, like termites, feed on wood and eat away at the hull of the ship. When the maggots of the ship are corrupted to a certain extent, the bottom of the ship will be moth-pierced. Then, the bottom of the ship will enter the water, leading to the sinking of the ship.

The famous Anglo-Spanish naval battle, the Spanish Armada, in fact, did not lose much under the blows of the British army, but because of the ship maggots, there were many silent in the Atlantic, and the silent dozen warships, most of them were because the ship maggots damaged the hull, and in the naval battle, under the dual effect of the British artillery blow and the wind and waves at sea, it caused the water to leak and be silent, not sunk by the artillery on the British ship. The blow of the British artillery actually killed many of the sailors on the deck of the Spanish battleship, but directly sank many Spanish battleships. After all, the Spanish battleship was also a professional battleship with a lot of wood thickened broadside, and it was not so easy to penetrate the sideboard. However, the erosion of maggots on the seabed is very difficult to control.

In ancient Greek times, people noticed the dangers of ship maggots. At that time, people used bitumen and tar to paint the bottom of the ship, and it was really effective in a short time. But when asphalt and tar are soaked in seawater, the toxicity will slowly dilute. When the toxicity is gone, the maggots will attach to it again and continue to gnaw on the bottom of the ship......

This dilemma, in fact, was not solved by the British Royal Navy until the 18th century. That is to wrap a layer of copper skin around the bottom of the ship. The copper boat maggot does not move, and the copper skin is corrosion-resistant, and it is difficult to break when soaked in water. If you wrap the iron sheet, it will rust quickly.

It's just that this idea, at this time in 1501, should not be thought of. Because, the price of copper is too expensive. The silver-copper exchange ratio is 1 to 15. Wrapping the bottom of the ship with copper skin can only be done by the fighters of the local tyrants, the local tyrants of the Middle East, who come through with money exchanged for gold and silver......

Of course, ship maggots have another weakness, that is, they cannot survive in fresh water. This is because maggots are marine creatures and cannot survive long in fresh water. Therefore, in the ancient era of wooden boats, the port was generally chosen at the mouth of the river. Such a location is conducive to going to sea, and because the boat is parked at the mouth of the freshwater river, it will allow the boat maggots to escape on their own.

As a result, the immigrants sent by Marin to Cape Breton and Amerigo chose to dock their ships at the mouth of the Tamsui River instead of the harbor that Marin had envisioned.

Because, the ships of later generations are steel or aluminum alloy hulls, and they are naturally not afraid of ship maggots. Therefore, the ports of later generations went directly into the sea. But the ports of this era were often at the mouth of large rivers. London, for example, is on the banks of the River Thames. Ocean vessels, coming to London, must first enter the River Thames and then dock on the banks of the River Thames.

Emden, the largest port in East Friesian Lamber, occupied by Marin, is also on the banks of the Ames River. Only in the ports of the Tamsui estuary or Hanoi, ships can dock for a long time. Otherwise, the ship will not be able to prevent the long-term erosion of ship maggots.

At present, the ships arriving at Cape Breton and Amerigo Island have sailed into the mouth of the Tamsui River to catch maggots. Immigrants also chose the Tamsui River estuary to establish settlements.

However, the location of the mouth of the Tamsui River, because it is a fertile delta, grows towering trees dozens of meters high, and it is extremely difficult to cut down.

But in any case, Marin is right about one thing - this is an undeveloped virgin land with fertile soil......

So, despite the difficulty of moving the fallen trees and digging up the roots, the migrants chose to persevere. Because, as long as the difficulties in the early stage are overcome, a better life will be ushered in later.

While the immigrants cut down large trees and dug up roots, the fishermen who came with the fleet began to try to go out to sea to catch fish in small fishing boats.

Because they had just arrived in a new place, the fishermen were unfamiliar with the geography and the distribution of underwater reefs. So, at the beginning, the fishermen who came to the new place were very careful and drove slowly. As a result, the number of fish caught is limited. In addition, they catch many species of American fish that have not been seen in Europe. When encountering this new variety, they did not dare to eat it casually, for fear of being poisonous. Therefore, these fish should be put aside first and not eaten by everyone. Wait until you catch live prey in the future, feed the prey for testing, and eat it if it is not poisonous......

So, in the beginning, these fishermen were unable to fully supply the food supply of the colonial settlers. But fortunately, Marin's migrant ship also brought a lot of food, but he was not afraid of starving to death. After a while, the fishermen are familiar with their surroundings and can catch large quantities of fish to meet the food needs of the migrants......

Because it is summer when it comes, it is time to miss the spring ploughing. As a result, even if arable land is cleared, only a small amount of crops suitable for autumn planting can be grown.

However, before clearing the wasteland, it is also necessary to cut down the towering trees that "occupy" the fertile soil and dig out the roots. This is a much more onerous task than building settlements.

This is because the area of settlements is limited, and the area required for arable land is very large. This also means that there are many more large trees that need to be cut down, and the number of roots that need to be dug up is also very staggering, even very scary......

Garland, the governor in charge of leading the colonization of Cape Breton Island, and Tara, the governor in charge of colonizing the twin islands of North America (both of whom had been Marin's knightly squire, but were not talented enough, so they were arranged by Marin to be governors in the colonies) were deeply aware that they would not want to farm in the second half of this year. For the rest of the year, they will probably spend cutting down trees and digging up roots. Only in the spring of the next year can they plant the seeds of the crop in the spring and wait for the autumn harvest......

However, they remembered that Marin wanted them to come to the Americas to colonize the Americas in order to pay attention to obtaining enough timber for shipbuilding. For example, the cut oak wood must be dried and preserved for future shipbuilding. As for the settlers, who built their houses and cooked on fires, they used wood that was not oak. That's a lot anyway. Therefore, Garland and Tara ordered that the felled oak trees should be lifted whole to shelter from the rain and wait for them to dry. As for other timbers such as pine and birch, because they were not needed for shipbuilding or were not much needed, they were directly ordered to be divided into several sections. In this way, the wood is divided into several sections and can be easily lifted. Otherwise, it is too difficult to lift a log tens of meters long......