Lianyu Pingkou, also known as borrowing Pingkou, refers to the policy of the Hongguang regime of the Southern Ming Dynasty, which adopted the policy of uniting Manchu forces to eliminate the peasant armies of Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong in the Central Plains.

Of course, this is the explanation on Baidu in later generations, although Baidu's knowledge is not necessarily all right, but it must have been recognized by the mainstream people if it can be written on it in public. In fact, most of the historians of later generations used class contradictions to interpret history, and the main contradiction within the Ming Dynasty when the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs was the class contradiction between the landless peasants and the landlord class.

However, after the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the main contradiction changed from an internal contradiction to a national * contradiction that was unanimous with the outside world, and at this time, Ma Shiying and other Southern Ming bureaucrats did not conform to the general trend of history, and united with the Liukou to unite with the outside world, but wanted to go against the grain and unite with the Manchu Qing to exterminate Li Zicheng and other peasant rebels.

In addition, the history of the Ming Dynasty in later generations was written by Huang Zongxi, the big pen of the Donglin Party, and it is strange to say that Ma Shiying is good, and the wrong history books and wrong historical views will discredit the original history of the Southern Ming Dynasty.

Ma Cheng was the product of later generations of exam-oriented education, and naturally studied the kind of history that was smeared, so he was furious when he heard Ma Shiying admit that the imperial court was preparing to unite with the Manchu Qing.

"Dad, you guys. . . Don't you know that the Manchus were wolf ambitions? Can they be willing to leave when they enter the Central Plains Flower World? Now you still want peace talks, and you still want to cut the land, can you be right for your ancestors and ancestors? ”

Ma Cheng was angry, these words were a little heavy, Ma Shiying heard Ma Cheng scold after speaking: "What? Are the princes of the court not as good as you? ”

At noon, Hou Fangyu scolded Ma Chengqiuba, and now Ma Shiying scolded Ma Chengqiuba again, but Ma Chengyu didn't dare to ridicule each other, so he had no choice but to sit on the side and sulk.

Ma Shiying sighed when she saw Ma Cheng like this: "Cheng'er, I have served as the principal, imperial history, prefect, and governor for my father, and I have been the first assistant until now, and I have been in the officialdom for more than 20 years, are you not as good as a hairy boy?" Even if it is not good to be a father, but are Zhang Shenyan, Gao Hongtu, Shi Kefa and others all fools? Can't they see what the Manchus really wanted? ”

Hearing Ma Shiying say this, Ma Cheng suddenly thought of a fact, a fact that he had ignored before, that is, the United Capture was agreed by all the ministers of the DPRK and China. If Ma Shiying can't see through it, can't the other ministers of the DPRK and China see through it? Ma Shiying also said just now, he has been up and down in the sea for more than 20 years, can't he still see the true intentions of the Manchu Qing Dynasty?

Ma Cheng heard Ma Shiying say this and hurriedly asked: "Dad, since you know what the Manchus want to do, why do you want to negotiate peace with the Manchus?" ”

"Hey, this is all unacceptable! The princes of the court and the central government also saw the difficulties, so they agreed to the old man's proposal! Ma Shiying stood up and said the current difficulties of the imperial court, Ma Cheng was stunned after hearing it, he didn't expect that Nanming was in danger now, and only Lianyu Pingyan was the only way out.

In history, the black cauldron of Lianyu Pingyan was deducted on Ma Shiying's head, but fortunately, although the Manchu Qing Dynasty burned the books of the Ming Dynasty, there were still some that were not burned. At that time, it was Ma Shiying who was the first to write a letter proposing to unite the people, but Shi Kefa, Zhang Shenyan and other Donglin parties did not oppose it, but all agreed with it. What does this mean, it shows that there was a big problem in Nanming at that time.

The first problem is the legitimacy of Zhu Yousong, originally this emperor was not Zhu Yousong, but was Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen, and according to the normal procedure, Zhu Youzhen died and his son was also his son. It's only now that Zhu Youzhen was forced by Li Zicheng to hang himself on the coal mountain, and it was Zhu Yousong's turn to be the emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

The first thing Zhu Yousong did when he ascended the throne of the emperor was to prove his legitimacy, how to prove this? Of course, it is necessary to hold high the banner to avenge the first emperor, so there is absolutely no possibility of reconciliation between Zhu Yousong and Li Zicheng and other rogues. Not only is there no possibility of reconciliation, but the first thing Zhu Yousong did after ascending the throne was to announce that the world would avenge the first emperor, so as to prove that he was orthodox, and at the same time set a goal for everyone when the country was panicking, which could also play a role in stabilizing people's hearts.

The second point is the financial problem, since the first year of Chongzhen, the country has been fighting for 17 years, and the north has been in ruins. Although the southern provinces were fine, the money and food for the war were all transported from the southern provinces. Although the northern provinces are now in the hands of the rogues and do not care, there are still 780,000 troops along the Yangtze River waiting to eat and lead the army's salary, and this money still has to be collected from the common people in the southern provinces.

The country needs money, but the scholars of the Ming Dynasty do not have to pay taxes, and the literary style here in Nanzhili is prosperous, and a large amount of land is occupied by the family, so how to get more silver has become the second problem in front of Ma Shiying and other cabinet ministers. Collecting taxes according to the rules offended the originally small number of homesteaders, and collecting taxes according to the land offended the literati in the south of Zhili, and the four towns in Jiangbei in the north did not collect taxes. Therefore, Ma Shiying needs time to slowly resolve all kinds of contradictions between the DPRK and China, in order to gain time, he must choose an alliance between Li Zicheng and the Manchu Qing Dynasty, Li Zicheng said above that it is impossible to form an alliance, and the only thing left is the Manchu Qing.

At the same time, the Manchu Qing Dynasty also has a big weakness, that is, the population problem, the current Manchu Dynasty is less than a million people, the Jin Dynasty in the Northern Song Dynasty is much stronger than the current Manchu Dynasty, doesn't it just occupy the north and stop the Yangtze River? Therefore, the ministers of the court and the central government calculated in detail, the Manchu Qing only had 200,000 troops, let them fight with Li Zicheng's millions of rogues, and finally wait until the Southern Ming restored their strength and used the advantage of population and financial resources to wipe them out in one fell swoop.

The third point is that at that time, Wu Sangui and the Manchu Qing defeated Li Zicheng, which was a good thing for Hongguang Junchen. Since Li Zicheng defeated Sun Chuanting in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, his strength and prestige have increased greatly, and until the attack on Beijing in March of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, he was the most important threat to the Ming Dynasty.

Judging from the scholars in Jiangnan, and after the birth of a new dynasty in history, they will definitely send elite soldiers to dominate the country. Therefore, they take it for granted that after Li Zicheng pacified the north, he would naturally not let go of Nanming.

In particular, Li Zicheng deployed 70,000 troops in the Jingxiang area, which not only gave Zuo Liangyu a headache, but also made the Ming officials in Nanjing deeply feel the threat from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Now that the thieves have been defeated, Li Zicheng is too busy to take care of himself, which really makes Hongguang Junchen breathe a sigh of relief. Many Ming officials believed that Li Zicheng and the Manchus would find themselves in a state of long-term standoff in the north, and that they would eventually lose both.

Therefore, Hongguang Junchen is very happy to sit on the mountain and watch the tiger fight, hoping to collect the profits of the fishermen in the future. Historically, this was also right, both in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, the north was in turmoil and had no time to look south, thus giving those who fled to the south a chance to breathe.

And Ma Shiying and the Donglin Party are not fools, these three issues are not selected at all, they can only unite with the Manchus to deal with Li Zicheng.

Ma Cheng was just a courier in later generations, and he was only a cloud of people about history, and he never considered problems from the height of the country. Now listening to Ma Shiying's question, Ma Cheng was immediately dumbfounded, the problem is here, what do you say?

Of course, what Ma Shiying said was based on the premise that Li Zicheng could resist the Manchu Qing Dynasty, but Ma Cheng knew that Li Zicheng couldn't resist it for half a year. After Li Zicheng was defeated from Shanhaiguan, he fled all the way, and the dangerous Tongguan did not hold out for a few days, and finally could only retreat to the Huguang area.

Zhang Xianzhong was even more miserable, retreating step by step under Haoge's blow, and finally Zhang Xianzhong died under the arrow, and his four godsons could only retreat to the barren Yungui area.

Ma Cheng knows history, but Ma Shiying doesn't know, Ma Shiying still has the idea of using the Liukou to contain the Manchus, and he never imagined that the Liukou, who had been making trouble in the Central Plains for more than ten years, would be beaten by the Manchus within a year.

Ma Cheng knew that this peace talks would definitely fail, and the Manchu army would go south in half a year, but what could he do? and Ma Shiying directly said that he was from the afterlife? Let's not talk about whether Ma Shiying believes it or not, that is, when he learns that his son has become another person, can Ma Shiying let go of Ma Cheng, who took his son's body? There is no human rights law in this world to protect Ma Cheng's human rights.

Ma Shiying saw Ma Cheng stunned and sighed, what he and Ma Cheng revealed just now was only the surface, and there were deep-seated problems Ma Shiying did not say. Although this joint capture was proposed by Ma Shiying, it was unanimously agreed by both inside and outside the court, and this was the first time that Ma Shiying's proposal as the first assistant was passed, and Ma Shiying also wanted to use this incident to ease relations with the Donglin Party.

Ma Shiying even thought about the candidate for the envoy for the peace talks, so he used Zuo Maodi, the governor of Yingtianxun, this guy is the backbone of the Donglin Party, and gave him the official title of a squire in the military department to let him go to Beijing for peace talks, which is just right to befriend the Donglin Party.

"Father, although you are right to think so, but you must know that the four towns in Jiangbei are not reliable, what if the Manchu Qing Dynasty goes south and they join the enemy?" Ma Cheng saw that he couldn't convince Ma Shiying, so he talked about the fate of the four towns in Jiangbei in history a little bit of leakage.

Ma Shiying snorted when she heard Ma Cheng say this: "Hmph, what virtues do you think are in the four towns, and you don't know what kind of virtue is your father?" In the four towns, Gao Jie is domineering, Liu Zeqing is sleek, Liu Liangzuo is sophisticated, and only Huang Degong has some ability. As a father, he was afraid that they would have some repetitions, so he let Shi Kefa supervise Yangzhou, and with Shi Xianzhi sitting in Yangzhou, these four towns should be more honest. Yangzhou is a strong city in the world, these four towns can't fight in the field, can't they defend the city? ”

Ma Cheng didn't expect that Ma Shiying knew the four towns very well, and analyzed the character of the four towns very thoroughly, Gao Jie finally died in the hands of Xu Dingguo because of his dominance and light enemy, and Liu Zeqing and Liu Liangzuo surrendered to the Manchu Qing without fighting. Among the four towns, only Huang Degong fought for the Ming Dynasty to the last moment.

Ma Cheng listened to Ma Shiying's words and said that there was no way to do this, and he didn't dare to say the real historical result, so Ma Cheng had no choice but to get up and retire.