The county system has existed since the Warring States Period, and after the First Emperor swept the Eight Wildernesses and Six Integrations to dominate the world, it was the First Emperor who abolished the common feudal states and feudal monarchs of the Warring States for the sake of the central group, and fully used the county system.

When Liu Bang established the Han Empire, although he was called the emperor, he was not the strongest, even Han Xin's military strength at that time was much stronger than him, not to mention some princes and kings such as Peng Yue, so he continued to engage in the feudal system.

Liu Bang used various means to eliminate those princes with different surnames in the late period, and even Han Xin, who had been helping him, finally died at the hands of women, but the Han Empire did not abolish the feudal system, but only engaged in different surnames and not became kings.

The sub-feudal system was curbed in the Liu Che period, but he did not completely abolish the sub-feudal system, but only used the Tui'en Decree to continuously divide the fiefdoms of the princes and princes.

When Liu Xiu re-established the Han Empire, he was very rational and did not wantonly divide the vassals, but engaged in the system of how many household marquis, these princes only had the right to benefit and did not have the right to manage, but the clan surnamed Liu continued to implement the division of the early Han Dynasty. Facts have also proved the usefulness of the clan's separation, how many times is because the prince surnamed Liu is not weak, waiting for the emperor to have no heirs to become a substitute, so that Jiangshan did not change his surname. (The clans of the Eastern Han Dynasty are all heirs to the throne)

Of course, Liu Yan will make his heirs king, and he will also give the fiefdom he deserves, taking into account issues such as the continuation of the Han Empire, but the local people will not choose to divide the land to divide it.

Liu Yan also thought for a long time about whether a king with a different surname should be crowned, and came to the conclusion that there can be no king with a different surname, and it is not all because he is worried that with a king with a different surname, the family will be unstable. Which of those dynasties without a different surname is really eternal? It is not time to perish.

Liu Yan's reason for not planning to divide the king with a different surname is very simple, any country has its own rules, and the founding monarch must be cautious about the maintenance of the national system.

Now there are more than a dozen marquis in the Han Kingdom, but they are all pavilion marquis, at most they enjoy 500 households, and there are only 100 households.

Those pavilions of the Han State were the continuation of the policy of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and there was no right to govern only the right to benefit, not only the Eastern Han Dynasty, but also the subsequent dynasties, and some dynasties gave the right to govern the fiefdoms, but it was rare.

After the old land of the Han family was truly restored, Liu Yan would choose land outside the "basic plate" to give to the princes, and those lands would be given to the princes to govern at that time. Not only the right to govern, but also the right to set taxes, the right to levy soldiers, and the right to build an army, only limited the legislative power and diplomatic power.

The "basic plate" in Liu Yan's eyes is not the old land of the Han family in the Western Han Dynasty or the Eastern Han Dynasty, at least the territory of the Celestial Empire, and even some regions will be counted in the "basic plate", such as the Chao Xian Peninsula, Novosibirsk, all of Vietnam, all of the Japanese Islands, all of Australia, and the Arab region of Central Asia.

Some of the regions that will be counted as "fundamentals" are strategically important, while others are extremely rich in resources, and having those regions is equivalent to controlling the future.

Liu Yan will pay attention to the Indochina Peninsula, because he has already looked at the territory of Asan in later generations, he just wants to use it as the first feast to divide, not only will he let the families go to the joy, and when the Han army enters the Western Regions, he should go south from the Western Regions, and then he can divide the princes by occupying the territory.

The territory of the Han Kingdom will become larger and larger, and how to divide the administrative regions needs to be cautious and cautious, as for the Chinese ancestors who have used the excessive feudal system and the county system so far, and the administrative unit of the state has been added later.

If we look at the division of administrative regions in ancient China, we will find that they are all widespread and rule-based, for example, a state pastor manages millions of square kilometers of land, and there are county guards under the state pastor, each of whom is in charge of hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of land, and a county order has to manage tens of thousands of people.

In ancient times, there were county officials under the county order, and then there were county lieutenants, followed by six Cao, plus the administrative personnel such as Youxi, Youzhi, and Qifu, and there were dozens of civil servants in county-level units, but they were faced with tens of thousands of people.

There are also townships under the county, and the township has set up three elders. There is a li in the countryside, and a li zheng is established. There is a pavilion under the inside, and a pavilion chief is set up.

It can be said that in ancient times, a civil servant needed to face thousands of people, and when the legal system was strict and the local arrogance was not serious, government decrees could naturally be issued to the bottom, but the facts also proved that the later power was only at the county level, and the local government was controlled by the squire.

In Liu Yan's memory, it was the Ming generation that had the least power over local management, and it was not that the emperor himself was stupid, but that he was slowly elevated by those so-called scholars, waiting to be taken back and encountering unprecedented resistance.

In the Ming generation, the county level set the amount of tax to be collected, and then the local gentry helped to collect taxes from the people, and the government set the amount of tax, and usually when the squires collected taxes, they had to add several times the tax.

In addition, the Ming generation could enjoy the privilege of not paying taxes and serving as a servant after becoming famous, and the squires imposed heavy taxes on the common people while coercing and inducing the common people to include their land in the name of the squire. And being able to be a squire in the Ariake generation is actually a matter of fame.

By the way, during the Zhu Yuanzhang period, it was necessary to raise talents to be exempt from tax, and the tax exemption was also limited by acres of land, but it was not that if you became a lifter, you did not have to pay taxes at all. Xiucai can be tax-exempt, which is the unspoken rule of that group of scholars themselves, and even the tax-free quota has been lost.

At the beginning, Liu Yan recruited veterans to become civil servants in the countryside, in order to buy the hearts of the military, and later covered the care of disabled soldiers.

In today's Han Kingdom, as long as there is a crowd of people, there must be retired soldiers, who are full of grassroots positions, especially the largest number of your. Due to the fact that there were not many scholars in the Han Kingdom, as long as he had knowledge, there was a high chance that he would be appointed as the county magistrate of a certain county.

Even county officials can be appointed as county officials, let alone official positions such as county officials, which is also the most depressing point for some full-time civil officials.

However, then again, the Han State also did not stipulate that civilian officials could not be transferred to military positions, and only those who did not have confidence in their own battles would be depressed. After all, now is an era when civil and military families are not separated, as long as you have enough ability, you want to get on the horse and get off the horse as a prime minister.

Retired military personnel go to the countryside to become the grassroots level, and these people, who have more national and national concepts than ordinary people, can exert great influence on the people, and at the same time strengthen the state's control over the countryside.

It was always the inspection team that arrived in Xiangguo, and Liu Yan was still thinking about how to determine the division of the administrative region, so he stayed in the palace and immediately summoned the ministers.

"There is a li above the pavilion, there is a township above the inside, and there is a county above the township, which is the basis of the county system." Sang Yu was born in a big family, and he has a very solid cultural foundation, and he must have watched the classics in a high position, and he is certainly no stranger to the county system. ”

In the early days of the Western Han Dynasty, it was to implement the rule of inaction, that is, to allow the county level and below to develop on its own, not to engage in frequent conscription and conscription, and to let the people recuperate and recuperate to the greatest extent. During the reigns of Emperor Xiaowen of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xiaojing of the Han Dynasty, the Han Empire did recover from the decay of the period of the struggle for hegemony, as well as the subsequent purge of the princes and the Lü Rebellion, and the population also increased the fastest during that period.

Until Liu Che began to gather power, the countryside of the Han Empire was basically a happy garden for all kinds of rangers, and the words of the country rangers were much more useful than the official personnel. For a tough emperor like Liu Che, of course, it was not allowed, and it took several "strike hard" against the rangers to regain control of the countryside to the official.

By the way, the administrative unit of "Zhou" was built during Liu Che's reign, and the background was to strengthen the centralization of power. In the fifth year of Yuan Feng (106 B.C.), he pioneered the system of assassination of the ministry, dividing the country into thirteen supervision districts. The name of the supervision district is named the state, and the supreme governor of a state is called the assassin. In addition to the thirteen prefectures, the Sili School Captain Department was also set up in the seven counties of Sanfu (Jingzhao, Youfufeng, and Zuofengyi), Sanhe (Hanoi, Henan, Hedong), and Hongnong. The so-called Sili School Captain Department is at the same level as the prefecture, directly under the jurisdiction of the central government, in charge of the area near the Beijing Division, and together with the thirteen prefectures, it is called the fourteen prefectures.

Although the "state" was created during the Western Han Dynasty, the state of the Western Han Dynasty was only a supervision area, not a real administrative region. The real administrative area is only at the county and county levels, and the county taishou has direct contact with the central power and does not have to go through the state level.

It was not until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty that the prefecture was truly changed from a supervision area to an administrative region, and became a first-level administrative division above the county level, forming a three-level system of prefecture, county and county. The country is still thirteen states. This system lasted for about 400 years.

Cai You's use of the territory map to find Liu Yan was a matter of discussion with his colleagues, and he had done a lot of historical research before, let alone communicated, and it was impossible not to know what historical background the state had become a real administrative region.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the reason why the state became a real administrative region was that after the Yellow Turban Rebellion, the authority of the central government fell to the bottom of history. The state became an administrative region in the true sense of the word, which was precisely the main reason for the juxtaposition of the princes in the future.

"The minister thought that the territory of the state could be narrowed down and divided into more states." Sangyu's suggestion is based on the premise of avoiding the emergence of a state that is too strong. Seeing that Liu Yan was still listening attentively, he continued: "Maybe two or three counties can set up a state? ”

Liu Yan was very satisfied with the attitude of the ministers, in order to avoid the local strength being too inflated, the administrative area must not be too large, and should be reduced as much as possible under reasonable conditions.

In fact, the scope of the state has been decreasing until the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and of course the central government is worried that the scope of the state is too large and the state will become unstable, and when the Song (Liu Yu) and Wei (Northern Wei) faced off against each other, the total number of states in the north and south increased to nearly 60 at that time. By the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the number of states reached more than 300, and in fact, the land of a state at this time was not as large as that of a county in the Han Dynasty.

"Or do you want to abolish the state?" Xu Zheng saw everyone looking over, and said with a big grin: "Directly restore the two-level system of counties and counties in the Qin period, or you will have it." ”

At that moment, Cai You and Sang Yu directly covered their foreheads with their hands, Yu Yi and the others looked at each other, and Liu Yan was still expressionless.

Not to mention, during the reign of Yang Guang in the Great Sui, the state was really abolished, and it was restored to the two-tier system of counties and counties of the Qin Empire.

"See what I'm doing?" Xu Zheng said as a matter of course: "At the end of the Han Dynasty, a state was established, and a state pastor was engaged in self-respect, so that there was a division of princes and chaotic wars in the back. Killing and killing, in the end, the Central Plains became the pasture of Hulu, and if it is not abandoned, it will be kept to reproduce the situation of the princes' chaotic war! ”

At this moment, no one can say how much they say, the jurisdiction of the state is too large, and it is really a real hidden danger.

Liu Yan thought of a solution, that is, the separation of the military and the government, but in fact it was still a symptom rather than a root cause. He even knew that no matter how the administrative districts were divided, as long as the rulers made the heavens angry and resentful, no matter how they were divided, they could not avoid the ambitions from strengthening themselves, and the system was just to prevent that situation from happening to the greatest extent.

Now engage in the separation of military and political affairs? That's really engaging in the separation of civil and military, in the future, Congwen will only be Congwen, and the military will fall headlong on the military, and then there will be peace for a long time, it is bound to be the status of the military generals will be repeatedly reduced, and it will inevitably be the situation of the two Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, the civil officials wantonly climb on the heads of the generals to and pee, then don't blame the generals for not working hard, and even the national war is rushed to surrender to the enemy country.

If you want to centralize power to the maximum, you really don't need the administrative unit of "state", and it is indeed a good choice to restore the two-tier system of counties and counties in the Qin Empire in a real sense, provided that there are enough administrators.

Looking at the dynasties and generations, it is really the Qin Empire that has the highest control over the grassroots level of the country, but it is limited to enough administrators who are loyal to the central government, and then destroy the Six Kingdoms, and a large number of personnel from the Six Nations are officials.

Therefore, what kind of administrative region system should Liu Yan choose can minimize the risk, but in fact, the most important thing is that the officials and the people are not in harmony with the center.

[Later dynasties have successively narrowed the scope of the state, and even abolished the state level, which must make sense] Liu Yan looked at Xu Zheng with one-to-many mutual hatred, and thought: [Since it makes sense to abolish the administrative level of the state, then abolish it. 】

In fact, Liu Yan is still more accustomed to the modern division of administrative regions, but he knows that each era has a system that applies to itself, and he can only use the losses suffered by countless ancestors as a lesson.

Later, the controversy of the ministers came to a conclusion, that is, to abolish the administrative level of the state, but it fell into the debate over whether the two-tier system of counties and counties should be restored in the Qin Empire.