Chapter XVII. Movable Type Printing
After Yan Gui finished telling the story to his senior sister, he didn't sleep directly with his eyes closed, but was thinking about other things, which referred to printing.
The world in which Yan Gui lives has printing, but it is engraving printing, so he is thinking, should he put movable type printing into action and let the people of the world use it?
Clearly, movable type printing is a printing method that uses movable blocks of metal or clay to replace traditional copying, or printing plates that cannot be reused.
The approximate method of movable type printing is to first make a copy of the single word in Yang, and then select the words according to the manuscript, arrange them in the word plate, print them with ink, and then remove the word mold after printing, and leave it for use again in the next typesetting.
As for engraving printing, it is pasted on a smooth wooden board of a certain thickness, and the manuscript is copied neatly, and the front of the thin and almost transparent manuscript paper is attached to the wooden board, and the characters become reversed, and the strokes are clearly legible.
The engraver uses a carving knife to cut off the part of the layout without handwriting, which becomes the yang script with the font convex, which is completely different from the stele yin script with the font recessed. When printing, ink is applied to the raised font, and then the paper is covered on top of it, and the back of the paper is gently wiped so that the handwriting is left on the paper.
Although it has been used for so many years, engraving printing has played a significant role in the spread of culture, but there are also obvious shortcomings. First, engraving is time-consuming, labor-intensive, second, a large number of book plates are inconvenient to store, and third, there are typos that are not easy to correct.
And movable type printing is different, it is made of cement to make a blank with the same specifications, engraved on one end of the anti-body single word, the height of the protrusion of the word is like the thickness of the edge of the copper coin, with fire hard, become a single cement movable type.
In order to meet the needs of typesetting, there are several or even dozens of commonly used words in order to be used when repeated in the same edition. If you encounter an uncommon word, if you are not prepared in advance, you can use it as you go.
In order to facilitate the selection of words, the clay movable type is classified according to the rhyme and placed in the wooden lattice, and the paper strip is pasted to indicate it. When typesetting, a framed iron plate is used as the bottom support, and a layer of agent made of pine resin, wax and paper ash is coated on top, and then the required cement movable type is picked out and arranged into the frame one by one.
Fill a frame to become a version, and then bake it with fire, wait for the agent to melt slightly, use a flat plate to flatten the literally, and after the medicine cools and solidifies, it becomes a version.
When printing, as long as the ink is brushed on the plate, covered with paper, and a certain amount of pressure is added. In order to be able to print continuously, two iron plates are used, one version is brushed, the other is typeset, and the two plates are used alternately. After printing, the potion is roasted with fire, and the movable type can fall off the iron plate with a slight shake of the hand, and then put it back into the original wooden grid according to the rhyme, so as to be used again next time.
Yangui also conceived wood movable type printing, but due to the uneven texture of the wood, the difficulty of carving, the deformation of the wooden movable type after wetting, and the difficulty of separating it from the medicine, Yangui did not mean to use it.
Clay movable type printing method, if only two or three copies are printed, it is not trouble-free, if it is printed into hundreds of rising copies, the work efficiency is extremely considerable, not only can save a lot of manpower and material resources, but also can greatly improve the speed and quality of printing, much superior than engraving printing.
In the 21st century, although the equipment and technical conditions of modern letterpress printing are incomparable with the movable type printing technology of Bi Sheng of the Song Dynasty, the basic principles and methods are exactly the same.
Since it is necessary to tinker with movable type printing, raw materials are indispensable, the most important of which is cement, and cement, which is essentially a clay.
Clay is generally formed by silicate minerals after weathering on the earth's surface, generally weathered in situ, with larger particles and composition close to the original stone, called primary clay or primary clay. The composition of this clay is mainly silicon oxide and alumina, and it is white and refractory.
When it comes to clay, I have to say that one of them represents kaolin, kaolin is fired into a material, the utensils made are more delicate and hard than pottery, and then add fire and heating on the basis of the temperature of pottery, and the pottery becomes porcelain, the difference between pottery and porcelain lies in the difference in raw soil and temperature, and kaolin is very competent.
There is only pottery and no porcelain in this world, I have to say, you can try it after Yan returns, if the beautiful porcelain is made, I am afraid it will attract some big business.
Inspiration came and motivation was indispensable, and he got up as soon as the day dawned and Yan returned, and he had to get some clay to make movable type, so that he could rush while using the rest time to be busy on the way to Daxia.
I don't know when, the brilliant morning glow dyed half of the sky red, and the soft color wine was in Qingping Town. A magnificent morning glow appeared in the east, wisps of cooking smoke drifted from the rooftops of the village, and a light veil-like mist filled the air.
Yan Gui found clay in the mining area, and this is the only place in Qingping Town that has the clay he needs, so he hurriedly packed half a bag and carried it back.
The whole mission was almost awake at this time, and Yan Gui's strange behavior naturally aroused their curiosity, but what Yan Gui brought back was only soil, and they couldn't see anything when they looked left and right.
Ye Qiu was meditating and practicing as usual, and he was puzzled when he saw Yan returning with the soil, "Does your soil have any great effect?" ”
"It's a big deal."
"I don't believe it."
Then he took a bag from the house, divided half of the bag of earth into two halves, and tied the two bags with ropes, and carried them on the horse's back like a flat burden, and it was done for the time being.
Regarding the "Essence of Knife Technique" given by his senior sister, Yan Gui still had a lot of questions, and he mentioned it at this time, "Any martial arts must be fast, and knife technique is of course no exception, so about knife technique, this book and what the master taught me are the speed of practicing the knife, in addition to the speed of the knife, the speed of the knife's moves is not important?" ”
Ye Qiu said patiently: "In fact, the move of the knife has never been important, no move is better than a move, it is really going to meet in a narrow way, the only thing you and your opponent have to fight for is speed and strength and the quality of true qi, but even if you are fast and strong enough, you will be afraid of wheel battles, because your energy is always limited in a short period of time." ”
"According to what Senior Sister said, is it unlikely that a husband will be a husband and a husband will not be opened?"
This is obviously just an exaggerated adjective, the ten thousand enemies are really too wishful thinking, Ye Qiu shook his head and said: "This situation can only occur in Heavenly Mandate Martial Artists, but how few Heavenly Mandate Martial Artists are?" Unless it is crushed above the realm, how can others let you kill them like chopping vegetables and melons. If the warrior is really so powerful, then what else does the army do? Isn't it going to happen again and again when one man against one city? ”