Chapter 1 Crossing

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Li Eryuan is a special forces, after retiring from the army, he worked as a security guard, a security captain, a security supervisor, a security manager, went abroad as a bodyguard, a European mercenary, there is nothing to say about physical fitness, kung fu, doing mercenaries in Europe to perform various dangerous tasks, bank escorts, large-scale conferences, head of state security, etc., but once again encountered an accident at the European jewelry exhibition His team was attacked by enemy agents and suffered heavy losses, the unfortunate Li Er was also injured and unconscious, the car pulled him to the hospital, Li Er woke up and found himself in another world, In the summer of 1897 in the Qing Dynasty, a not peaceful year, I woke up and found myself a Boxer soldier This soldier was only a teenager and fainted from hunger during the pursuit of the Qing soldiers, Li Er's soul came to him, his name was Li Ming, Li Ming could only face the reality, he could not go back, the teenage children could not eat enough, they could not dress warmly, and caught up with the war, this year the foreigners suppressed the Chinese, the church poisoned the people, the Boxer later became the Boxer Rebellion, Li Ming was Zhao Sanduo's soldier, and when he woke up, Li Ming found that he was saved and ate something to wake up, Yao Luoqi, nicknamed Lao Qi, also written as Yao Wenqi, was one of the important figures in the Boxer Rebellion of Zhao Sanduo.

Yao Luoqi is a native of Xiliushangu, which now belongs to Qiu County and originally belonged to Quzhou County.

Main basis: 1. Yao Luoqi is a member of the Renren clan of Guangping Mansion in Zhili. There are two villages in Liushangu, the east and west are two miles apart, the east is called Dongliu Shangu, the west is called Xiliu Shangu, and now it belongs to Linxi County of Xingtai City and Qiu County of Handan City. Historically, Xiliushan Gu belonged to Quzhou County, Guangping Prefecture, and Dongliushan Prefecture belonged to Linqing Zhili Prefecture or Linqing County, Dongchang Prefecture, Shandong Province. Authoritative information shows that Yao Luoqi is a native of Guangping Mansion in Zhili, so he can only be a native of Xiliushangu Village.

2. Yao Luoqi is a potter. Historically, there is no earthen kiln in Dongliushangu Village, but it is the place in the southeast of Xiliushangu Village, which is the famous "old kiln pit" in the village, and the three broken kilns are not far from each other, and it is very old to burn the kiln.

3. After the failure of Zhao Sanduo's first uprising, he disbanded his team in Xiliushangu Village in order to make a comeback. According to normal thinking, Zhao Sanduo would never come to Xiliu Shangu Village to disband the team for no reason, he must have relied on it to dare to come to Xiliu Shangu. Just like when he finally went to Jijiatun in Julu County to hide, as a result, he was betrayed by Wuju and finally starved to death in Nangong Prison. The Boxer Rebellion sprouted in three regions. Chief among them is the Boxer movement. It occurred in the area of Eighteen Villages, Guan County, Shandong Province and Shaliuzhai Village, Zhiliwei County. In fact, the eighteen villages of Guanxian County are not connected with Guanxian County, nor are they in Shandong, but are isolated in the realm of Zhili, inserted in the east of Weixian County, adjacent to Weixian County and Qinghe, 140 miles away from the county seat of Guanxian County, the locals call it "flower arrangement" or "slippery side", and there are also those who call it "enclave". The eighteen villages of Guanxian County are directly connected to Shaliuzhai and Houwei Villages of Weixian County, but at that time, one belonged to Shandong and the other belonged to Zhili. At that time, Qiu County, Linqing, Zhili Nangong, Quzhou, Jize and other counties in Shandong Province had such "flower arrangement". The "flower arrangement" of these counties are distributed between the Laosha River and the Zhanghe River in the eastern boundary of Wei County, the west bank of the Qingliang River and the southeast boundary of Wei County, and today they all belong to Wei County. The "enclaves" in these areas include 18 villages in Guan County, 18 villages in Qiu County, 18 villages in Linqing, 18 villages in Quzhou, and Jizetun. Although the "flower arrangement plots" in each county are all called "Eighteen Villages", this number is not accurate.

The Boxer Movement developed from the contradiction between the people and religions of Liyuantun in the eighteenth village of Guanxian County. In the eighth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1869), the Catholics of Liyuantun demanded that Li Chenglong, the village of Liyuan, donate the land for the construction of the Jade Emperor Temple during the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty. The front streets, back streets and west streets of the whole village were all launched, and together with the land protection, they discussed that the fields of Yixue would be divided equally according to the shares. Four years later, more than three acres of land were dedicated to foreign missionaries to build churches. The believers demolished the temple and built the church under the influence of the Italian missionary Liang Mingde, which caused public outrage among the villagers. Both the people and the religion were prosecuted to the county, and the county ordered Han Guangding to rule and allow the construction of a church on the temple foundation.

On the ninth day of the first month of the seventh year of Guangxu (February 7, 1881), the village held the Jade Emperor Divine Meeting, and the tourists gathered, squeezed open the door of the church, and the people came out to have a quarrel with the villagers. The Franciscan Order, the Bishop of Shandong, Ellijue, used this as an excuse to condone the interference of the French envoys. When the governor of Shandong, Ren Daorong, decided to first return the homestead to the parishioners for "temporary borrowing", and then negotiate the return of the homestead after the parishioners bought another homestead to set up a church.

In the spring of the thirteenth year of Guangxu (1887), the missionary Fei Ruosi instructed the parishioners Wang Sanwei and others to rebuild the church houses and expand the foundation. Once again, the public anger of the villagers was aroused, and the gentry rose up one after another, demolishing the church and rebuilding the temple. Later, after the mediation of Pan Guangmei, a senior gentleman from Liangzhuang in 18 villages, Wang Sanwei expressed his willingness to return the temple foundation, and Liu Changan, the head of the Third Street Association, and others were also willing to buy another homestead foundation to build a new church for Wang Sanwei and others. However, in October of the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), the envoy forcibly built a church on the foundation of the original temple according to the unreasonable request of Ma Tianen, the bishop of Shandong of the Franciscan Society. In May of the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), the envoy made a further request that the missionaries and the magistrate agree in person to hand over the temple foundation and rebuild the church. According to the 6th day of the fifth month of the 18th year of Guangxu (May 31, 1892), the General Administration received the letter of Furun, the governor of Shandong, said that in the 17th year of Guangxu (1891), the governor of Shandong, Li Qinghe, the prefect of Dongchang, and Tizhong Xunming, decided to let the temple be given to the people to build a church, and feared that the people would not be convinced, so he ordered the county to donate more than 200 taels of silver. After the construction of the new temple is completed, the old temple will be demolished and the statue of the god will be replaced." This could have been the end of the matter, but the people threatened that the accusers would have to be held accountable by name, and the people were not convinced. So in April of the 18th year of Guangxu, the villagers of Liyuantun invited Wei Heyi, a Qingdao man, to come to the abbot of the Jade Emperor Temple, and moved the firearms of the group training in the past to the temple in order to guard the palace.

The anti-church struggle in Liyuantun was initially manifested as a national confrontation between the "Han Religion" and the "Anglican Church", and later became carried out under the leadership of the gentry. In 1892, after the struggle led by the gentry failed, eighteen people including Yan Shuqin, a chivalrous man in the village, appeared, continued to resist, and were respectfully called "Eighteen Kui". The foreign missionaries were very shocked by their appearance. The poor peasant forces headed by the "Eighteen Elites" showed their true character of stubborn struggle in the contradictions between the people and religions. However, the forces of the "Eighteen Kui" were not able to break through the barriers of the natural village and set off a large-scale anti-church struggle. In addition to the reasons for the historical opportunity, it is also necessary to have a stronger organizational strength than the "Eighteen Kui". At that time, Meihuaquan, which was adjacent to the 18 villages and distributed in the border area of Shandong and Zhili, provided it with a source of strength to expand the struggle. Therefore, when the anti-church struggle of the "Eighteen Kui" encountered a setback in 1892, they sought the support of Meihuaquan from Zhao Sanduo in Shaliuzhai in neighboring Wei County.

Zhao Sanduo (1841-1902) was born in a peasant family in Shaliuzhai, Wei County. Since childhood, he practiced martial arts, first worshiped the monk Feng Keshan of Linqing Bixia Palace as his teacher, and then worshiped Zhang Ruchun, the thirteenth generation of plum blossom boxing, as a teacher, and practiced a good kung fu. He is proficient in knives, guns, clubs, clubs and all kinds of weapons, and the most proficient is the double hook of the tiger head, which makes it handy, like a wind and lightning. Whether it's sparring or facing the enemy, there are very few who can win against him. It has a high prestige at the junction of Shandong and Hebei. He set up a wide boxing stadium and had more than 3,000 disciples under his knees.

Zhao Sanduo's family of seven people, more than three acres of land, and a half-grass house. Although he had a large population and little land, he and his two sons knew how to craft and made a living as silversmiths. When Zhao Sanduo was young, in addition to cultivating his own land, he also carried it to the landlord to cultivate the land. Middle-aged people do small business, selling bowls, scoops, etc. His grandfather was a poor man, and when his father was old, he sold land to landlords. He had three sons, the eldest of whom cultivated his own land and also carried it to the landlords. The second and third sons worked as silversmiths.

Although Zhao Sanduo is an influential plum blossom boxer in the east of Wei County, his seniority in the plum blossom boxing is not high, he belongs to the fourteenth generation, he is still a literary master, and he belongs to the plum blossom boxing big faction.

After the Sino-Japanese First Sino-Japanese War, due to the deepening of imperialist aggression against China, the Chinese people faced a new offensive by foreign church forces, and this was against the background of the unprecedented intensification of national contradictions. The Liyuantun lesson plan has deepened along with this situation. The arrogance of the Franciscan missionaries and parishioners increased as a result. They submitted the accusation of "Eighteen Kui" to the local government, and threatened the boxers that the government would send personnel to arrest Zhao Sanduo, the head of the plum blossom boxing. In addition, Germany sent troops to Jiaozhou Bend, setting off a wave of carve-up of China by various countries. Stimulated by this historical opportunity, the struggle against the Church was once again launched.

In this case, someone within Plum Blossom Boxing advised Zhao Sanduo not to fight anymore, the reason was that there was no chaos in the history of Plum Blossom Boxing. In order to protect the plum blossom boxing from being implicated, Zhao Sanduo renamed the plum blossom boxing team he led as "Yihe Boxing", and played the banner of Yihe Boxing in both the meeting and the bright boxing. In fact, as early as the 32nd year of Qianlong (1767) or so, the name of "Yihequan" appeared, and some people at that time submitted a complaint, saying that in the area of Yuancheng, the Daimyo Mansion of Zhili and Dongchangfu in Shandong, there were already people who accepted apprentices to practice boxing, called Yihequan. According to the deputy capital commander Fu Chang'an Qianlong on November 15, 48 years: Wang Lun was a Qingshui sect, and after learning the gun stick, he was nicknamed Yihe Boxing. Nine years after Wang Lun's uprising, that is, in the 48th year of Qianlong, a man named Wei Yukai from Weijiazhuang, Nangong County, once submitted a complaint that Wang Lun and Li Cunren, Wei Xuezong, Wang San, and Yan Ling of Weijiazhuang were all apprentices surnamed Li in Gaokou Village. Gaokou Village is at the junction of today's Ningjin and Xinhe, and the master surnamed Li is Li Chengzhang.

Zhao Sanduo gathered more than 3,000 boxers from all over the country under the instigation of the "Eighteen Kui", and "brightened his fist" in Liyuantun for three days on February 22, 23rd year of Guangxu (March 24, 1897). This was an attempt by the Boxers to confront the new offensive of the Church forces after the First Sino-Japanese War. After the end of the "Bright Fist", the "Eighteen Kui" and the Boxers gathered a crowd to attack Liyuantun on March 26 (April 27) and launched an armed struggle against the church. According to the "Notes of the General Administration on the Submission of the French Minister" dated June 27, 23rd year of the reign of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (July 26, 1897), the armed anti-church struggle "attacked 19 religious people living in the church, and the person who should have caused the rebellion should kill two religious people...... and about 200 religious people should have fled, except for the two families that were not robbed. The prefect of Dongchang, Hong Yongzhou, ordered the foundation of the temple to be confiscated, and found land for foreigners to build a church. On the one hand, the murderer was arrested, and 2,000 strings of Beijing money were compensated. Ma Tianen, the bishop of Shandong, reversed his previous statement and demanded more compensation. Hong Yongzhou succumbed to the power of the church, and in the spring of the 24th year of Guangxu and the second month of the first month, he personally led the brave team to Liyuantun, removed the county commander He Shizhen, and appointed Cao Wei to take over. The Church gained the upper hand again, once again provoking a fierce resistance from the Boxers.

In February of the 24th year of Guangxu, Zhao Sanduo led nearly 10,000 Yihe fists and flocked to him. The rapid build-up of Boxer power shocked the foreign invaders. The French minister once again proposed to China that the Liyuantun case should be quickly resolved, and that the arrest of the "18 Kui" should be one of the important conditions. In order to arrest the "Eighteen Kui", Hong Yongzhou once bought eyeliner and arrested him everywhere. When he went to the Liyuantun area, he also instructed Yongmu to lure Yan Shuqin, causing Yan Shuqin to be shot wounded in the dark. He also led the brave soldiers to demolish the temple and return the original foundation to the parishioners to build a church. At this time, the struggle between the "Eighteen Kui" and the Boxers had begun to have a unified action, and their influence had expanded to the vast areas at the junction of Shandong, Henan, and Zhili provinces, which were beyond the control of local officials such as prefectures, prefectures, and counties. The Boxer is brewing. At midnight on April 23, 1898 (the third or fourth day of the third month of the lunar calendar), the plum blossom fist head of Heiliu Village, Quzhou, led the Yihe boxers to "destroy the religion and destroy the ocean" as the goal, and attacked the adjacent Maizi Wuying Village, and then went north to Wei Village. On May 14 (the 24th day of the third month of the lunar calendar), the "Eighteen Kui" and the Yihequan attacked Zhongguanying Christianity Village, which made Pancun, Majiazhuang and other Christianity villages feel very nervous.

In fact, the so-called boxing is not all plum blossom boxers. In fact, Yihequan is based on Meihua boxing, and integrates some gossip boxing and red boxing people. Twenty-four years before Guangxu, the "Eighteen Kui" of Liyuantun asked Zhao Sanduo for help, wanted to worship Zhao Sanduo as a teacher, and asked him to come forward to lead the struggle. Yan Shuqin and others were originally accustomed to red boxing. Although eighteen villages such as Liyuantun are connected to Shaliuzhai, there is no one who practices plum blossom boxing. When Zhao Sanduo changed the name of Plum Blossom Boxing to "Yihe Boxing", dozens of households in Liyuan Tun who practiced red boxing joined in, and there were also some red boxing disciples in the third mouth of Wei County to join Zhao Sanduo's team. No matter from the history of Meiquan or from the actual activities at that time, it is in line with historical truth to regard Meihuaquan as the main body of Yihequan.

The Boxer Rebellion was a symbol of the development of the Plum Blossom Fist anti-church struggle into the Boxer Movement. Soon after Zhao Sanduo changed the name of Plum Blossom Boxing to "Yihe Boxing", he launched an uprising. The fuse was that Yao Wenqi and others were arrested because they heard that the local civil and military yamen in Shandong showed their approval tickets. The boxers are suspected to have been instructed by churches in Linqing, Xiaolu and other places in Shandong. In February of that year, there were rumors that German soldiers were coming to attack. According to the memoirs of Guo Dongchen, a document of Zhao Sanduo, on August 18, the 24th year of Guangxu (October 3, 1898), a crowd gathered at Jiangjiazhuang Racecourse, one of the eighteen villages in Guanxian County, and sacrificed the flag to revolt. But the record of the French missionaries of the Jesus Society is 10 a.m. on October 25 (September 11), and the location is not specified. These two different accounts both mention the banner of the uprising, the former of which recorded the flag book "Help Qing to destroy the foreigners", a total of more than 3,000 people; The latter recorded the flag book "Shun Qing and Destroy the Ocean". The flag is a yellow flag with a black border. The insurgents wore handkerchiefs on their heads, long boots on their feet, and weapons were rifles and spears. They compromised with the officials and attacked only Christians. Stimulated by the national crisis and concomitant with other factors, the Boxer Rebellion had broken through the limitations of the original anti-church struggle and shifted to a more organized and large-scale struggle.

After the Yihequan uprising on October 25 (September 11), on the 27th, they gathered 2,300 people in Hongtaoyuan in Guanxian County and Liutuan in Qiu County, on the 28th, they invited people to borrow horses to gather 4 or 500 people in Longshangqi, Linqingzhou, and on the 31st, they gathered nearly 1,000 people in Longshangqi and Xingye Village, and transferred to Baiguoshu and Xinzhuang in Quzhou, with a total of more than 2,000 people and 40 or 50 horses. came to suppress the Boxer Boxer's Daimyo Training Army, and he was very alarmed by this. In addition to asking the governor of Zhili to quickly add training soldiers and horses, and strengthening armed suppression, the Daimyo Daotai also asked Guan County and Qiu County to try to prevent and appease the group and the joint education to defend each other, and also asked Wei County to quickly "defend each other by the group and understand the boxers". Wu Dianyuan of the Daimyo Town also personally led the horse team to the bullet press. Qi Chaoqing, the county commander of Weiwei County, together with Cao Qi, the county commander of Guan County, Shandong, Li Zifang, the county commander of Qiu County, and five members, including Gao Shiqi and Zhang Chengshou, also instructed the general regiment and senior gentry of the three counties of Weiwei County, Guan County, and Qiu County to accompany them to jointly enlighten and persuade Zhao Sanduo to disperse. At the same time, the Catholic Church was even more alarmed, and the Zhaojiazhuang Church also planned armed arrangements to prevent the Boxers from attacking. On October 27, the general helm of Zhaojiazhuang called on the people of the church to immediately organize an armed group, which was formed by four villages of Wei and Pan, and gathered guns and artillery to patrol the night, and Wei County also sent soldiers to help defend. By 1 November, a church force had been formed, numbering 477 men.

According to the "General Administration's Receipt of Beiyang Minister Yuluwen", Zhao Sanduo accepted the "exhortation", and "then kowtowed to Yao Luoqi (i.e., Yao Wenqi) on the spot, and asked for disbandment." The boxers and others were deeply repentant and disbanded and went home on the 18th (November 1st). However, Yao Wenqi did not compromise with the five officials, and still led 200 boxers to continue the struggle. Yao Wenqi was the most rebellious figure in the Boxer Rebellion, and he was a native of Xiliushangu in Quzhou County (later under the jurisdiction of Qiu County). In fact, the so-called acceptance of "advice" by Zhao Sanduo does not mean compromise. When Yao Wenqi led more than 200 boxers to pass through Hongtaoyuan Village, they were attacked by the parishioners, who burned the red peach garden on the night of November 2, and on the 3rd, they burned the third church and the houses of the parishioners. The third mouth is an important hall belonging to the parish of Zhaojiazhuang, and the church has a large influence. When Zhao Sanduo led the crowd to attack, it was just right for the red boxers in this area to gather for the funeral of the head of the meeting, Shi Tinggan, because of the request of Shi's disciples, Zhao Sanduo promised not to attack when the funeral was made, and as soon as the coffin of the stone came out of the village, the Yihe Fist rushed into the village in a shout of killing and burned the third Catholic church. Fierce fighting ensued with the Church forces and officers and soldiers who came to reinforce them. Then it circled around Hou Wei Village and Shaliuzhai area. On November 4, Yao Wenqi was arrested and died in an exchange of fire with officers and soldiers in Shaliuzhai and Houwei Village. The boxers were also broken up, and the Boxer Rebellion suffered a serious setback. The Daimyo Province immediately sent a telegram to the county order of Wei County, and incorporated the "Anfen Fist Citizens" who did not follow Zhao Sanduo into the militia group, in order to make good contacts.

After Zhao Sanduo learned the news of Yao Wenqi's sacrifice, he led the remnants of Yihe Fist and moved to the area of Xiliu Shangu. In order to continue the struggle effectively, he disbanded his ranks and gathered up his strength. He took some apprentices to Zaoqiang Juanzi Town, and continued to contact Meihuaquan in various places, and Meihuaquan from all over the country also invited him to transfer to other places, he went from Zaoqiang to Wuyi, Jinzhou, Zhengding, and traveled along the banks of the grain river on the north of the Hutuo River, and then arrived at the opening of the Cangzhou Altar. Zhu Jiubin, Liu Hualong and others also ran north of Baoding and south of the capital, contacting boxers in Gu'an, Liangxiang and other places, and forming a unity with Zhao Sanduo.

On the eighth day of the fourth month of the 25th year of Guangxu (May 17, 1899), various plum blossom boxing masters who were related to Zhao Sanduo met secretly in the Zhengding Big Buddha Temple. Zhao Sanduo told the reason for the failure of the Boxer Uprising, mainly because of the lack of cooperation among all parties. It was agreed that in the future, all localities must cooperate in the struggle. In order to facilitate the alliance with other sects and fist clubs, it was decided to change the name of Yihequan to "Shenzhu Yihequan" and to have extensive contacts with other fist sects, secret sects and clubs. For example, the Red Gate in Jinghai, Qingxian, Dongguang and other places, and the White Gate and Yellow Gate in Jinan County, made these sects and societies openly display their fists and carry out legal activities in the name of Yihequan.

At the same time as the Boxer Fist was re-brewing the struggle, a large sword society also launched an anti-church struggle in Cheng'an County, the prefecture of the daimyo of Naoli. In May and June of the 25th year of Guangxu (June and July 1899), there were more than 6,000 members. Liu Shengxian, the head of the meeting, led the anti-foreign struggle of the Dadaohui and alarmed the Catholic Diocese of Zhili Southeast. Jesus would see him as a terrifying force that was closely associated with the Boxers and endangered their very existence. Later, Liu Sheng was first killed under random gunfire. Liu Shengxian's death caused a serious setback to the struggle of the Dadaohui in the Cheng'an area. The Cheng'an County Commander attempted to incorporate these members of the Dadao Society into his own regiment, but the Dadao Congregation defected to Shahe County, Shunde Prefecture, and Wu'an, Henan Province (later part of Handan), where they joined forces with the local Boxers to attack the Christians. This anti-church force was referred to as the "Great Sword Society" in the 1898 report of the Jesus missionaries, but by 1901 it had been renamed the Boxers.

From the summer and autumn of 1899, the boxers of Zhili and Shandong began to be active again. From the summer and autumn of 1899 to the spring and summer of 1900, there was a severe drought in Zhili and Shandong, and many peasants had no choice but to sell their land at a low price, and one mu of land was only worth four yuan, and some even exchanged one mu of land for one pound of grain. Under the threat of severe disasters and land annexation, the poor have no way to make a living, and they are scrambling to join the fisters. The Boxers carried out a general struggle to equalize the grain, and combined it with hatred of religion, and regarded poverty as related to imperialism. They said in the post: "There is no rain in the sky, and the ground is scorched and dry, just because the devil stops the sky." Because the social crisis in the rural areas is intertwined with the national contradictions, the people's grievances are boiling over in various localities, and the masses are indignant, which has provided favorable conditions for Zhao Sanduo and Yan Shuqin's Yihequan to launch a large-scale struggle again.

Zhao Sanduo was on both sides of the Hutuo River and the Yunliang River to contact the boxers and other secret sects in various places to carry out a new struggle. Yan Shuqin still led the crowd to move between Liyuantun and the eighteen villages of Qiu County. During this period, the boxing also arose in various places, and the boxing activities led by the monk Wuxiu were in Jingzhou and Fucheng; The boxers led by Wang Qingyi were active in Zaoqiang, Jingzhou and the ancient city; The boxers led by Li Jinrong and Zheng Demao, the elder brothers of Dezhou Qijiaqiao, were active in Wuqiao and Dezhou.

After receiving the support of Wang Yuzhen, the head of Wei County, Yan Shuqin's Yihe Fist joined Niu Jiuzhou and Sun Hanzhang, the head of Changjiatun Boxer in the 18th Village of Qiu County, and then returned to Liyuantun to fight a decisive battle with the officers and soldiers stationed there. On the ninth day of the twelfth month of the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (January 9, 1900), Yan Shuqin ordered that the Yihequan of all villages should gather in Changjiatun. On the 11th, Yan Shuqin contacted Wang Yuzhen and others to lead a team of more than 500 boxers to attack Liyuantun. The officers and troops stationed in Liyuantun were bombarded with artillery, and the Boxers suffered casualties, and when they retreated to the east of Ganji, they were ambushed by the officers and troops again, and the losses were very large. Yan Shuqin led part of the team north to the Hutuo River and joined Zhao Sanduo.

In April of the 26th year of Guangxu, Zhao Sanduo once again set up the banner of "Xingqing and Annihilation of the West" in Jingxian and Fucheng, and first attacked Zhujiahe Church, and there were officers and soldiers secretly helping. The Yihequan counties of Linqing, Wucheng, Weixian, and Nangong all converged on Zhujiahe, and nearly 4,000 people died. Due to the large number of people and the difficulty of eating, three more strands were separated, one remained in place and was under the command of a certain person; One share belonged to Yan Shuqin and the "Eighteen Kui", and attacked Twelve Lizhuang in Wucheng County from the east of the grain river through Enxian County; One share was led by Zhao Sanduo, and Nangong and Weixian attacked Linqing Xiaolu.

After Zhao Sanduo captured Xiaolu Church, he returned to Daning, Weixian County, which was an important stronghold of Meihuaquan. After Zhao Sanduo joined up with the Plum Blossom Boxing and Yihe Boxing in this area, he gathered seven or eight thousand people and began to attack Weicun and Zhaojiazhuang. Under the instruction of foreign missionaries, the parishioners, headed by Li Laoming, the head of the Wei Village Church, and Lao Rui, the head of the Pan Village Church, and the Dadi Advocate Lao Rui, organized an armed team equipped with foreign guns and cannons to fight against the Boxers. Due to the Weixian county order to send troops to help, the Yihequan lost in this battle and retreated to Zhangjiatun. The foreign priest led the armed parishioners to chase them all the way to Zhangjiatun, robbed the village's livestock and clothing, and killed some villagers. The church also asked Zhangjiatun to pay for the rebuilding of the Weicun church, which was called "Bao Foreign Debt". After this battle, Zhao Sanduo retreated to the area of 18 villages in Guan County and Shaliuzhai in Wei County.

Yan Shuqin's boxing team, with the cooperation of Wang Yuzhen, contacted more than 500 people from Li Yuke, Dong Monk and other subordinates, and attacked the defense of Liyuantun on December 11, the 25th year of Guangxu (January 11, 1900). After gaining the joint support of the Xia Jin Yihequan led by Hao Luoyou and Ren Wang (also known as Ren Widow) and the Wucheng Yihequan led by Dai Damu, they began to fight fiercely with the church forces in Shishilizhuang on July 16. There are more than 1,000 boxers, and the momentum is huge, and boxers from all over the country have also responded. The Twelve Mile Village Church called on the people of the whole county to gather here, and the local officials also compromised with the church forces. Yan Shuqin failed to win the battle against Twelve Miles Village.

Although Yan Shuqin's attack on Shishilizhuang failed, his team continued to grow, because his anti-aggression and just struggle won the support of boxers from all over the border of Zhili and Shandong, and his combat effectiveness became stronger and stronger. At the same time, it is also related to several key figures in the team. One is Wang Yuzhen, known as Lao Jin, is one of the boxers of Wei County, Yan Shuqin in 1900 in Liyuantun defeated and retreated to Changtun, it is because of his assistance that he invited boxers on both sides of the Wei River to come to take revenge. The reason why Yan Shuqin's team has the Great Sword Society, Shenquan and Wucheng and Xia Jin's Yihe Fist from Boping in Shandong is mainly due to Wang Yuzhen's contact. Wang Yuzhen initially had a grudge against a village in Qinghe, and sought revenge, so he joined forces with the monk Xu Fu, the leader of the Shenquan and Dadaohui in Chiping, Shandong, and some boxers such as Zhu Xisong and Zhu Shihe, and attacked the churches in the vicinity of Chiping and Boping Sijiaying in February of the 26th year of Guangxu. Subsequently, he was active in Xuzhuang in Qinghe County, Yuanwangzhuang in Gaotang County, Dizhuang in Xiajin County, and Yangjiazhuang in Wucheng County. Yuan Shikai ordered the front and left battalions of the Wuwei Right Army to concentrate their forces on the rear road of the vanguard of the East Army. In the face of the siege of the Qing army, Wang Yuzhen led the crowd to line up and shoot to resist, so that the front camp and the left battalion of the Dongzi Army ran everywhere and were exhausted.

The second is Song Quanhai, known as the son of the child, known as the Song Lion, and a native of Shenzhou. He often travels back and forth between Changjiatun and Liyuantun, and is also in contact with Zhao Sanduo. It is said that most of the unveiling stickers in Zhao Sanduo's uprising team were written by him. At that time, he was in his 40s, he was the head of the Divine Fist, he belonged to the Red Gate, and he firmly believed that he could avoid artillery and be invulnerable, so he brought hundreds of people to help Yan Shuqin.

The third is Ren Wang, also known as Ren Widow, who brought forty or fifty people to aid Yan Shuqin. Legend has it that she is fickle and mysterious. Yan Shuqin has great respect for her. In addition, there are Niu Jiuzhou (No. Laohai, also known as Gully, Changjiatun people) and Li Yuke (Jizhou people) and so on.

Yan Shuqin failed to capture the Twelve Mile Village Church, so he retreated his team to the area of Liyuantun. At this time, Liyuantun had become the center of the tug-of-war between boxers and officers and soldiers. On July 22, the 25th year of Guangxu (August 16, 1900), the Qing army surrounded Liyuantun overnight. At dawn the next day, the officers and troops sounded trumpets and approached the village. The Boxers lacked firearms, and finally failed to resist the enemy, and suffered heavy losses. Yan Shuqin was also arrested along with 31 boxers for being a traitor. Only Song Shishi, Gao Yuanxiang and others, who rushed to reinforce them, led some of the boxers to break through. Yan Shuqin was sent to Linqing to be killed at the age of 41. Before the execution, the righteousness was awe-inspiring, mighty and unyielding.

After Yan Shuqin's sacrifice, the remnants of the Yihequan who broke through were divided into three groups, and they were active in various places at the junction of Zhili and Shandong.

Gao Yuanxiang led a group to win the first prize with the red peach garden and Xiao Ligu, and Du Yishan. In September of that year, after the parishioners of Liyuantun and Hongtaoyuan fled from outside, they killed more than a dozen boxers, arousing the resentment of the boxers. Gao Yuanxiang, Xiang Desheng and others returned to Liyuantun to spread the post and gather the crowd. When Guanxian County heard the news, he sent Fang Yong to outflank Liyuantun overnight. Xiang was victorious and killed, and Gao Yuanxiang was killed. Under the leadership of the head of the church, Sun Mingshan, the church leader, the people of the Red Peach Garden occupied the houses and forcibly cut off the fields. On the night of October 11 (August 18), Du Yishan led the crowd to attack the Red Peach Garden and executed 18 parishioners including Sun Mingshan. The officers and soldiers rushed to suppress it, and Du led the crowd to flee, and was later arrested and killed by the government.

After breaking through the siege of Liyuantun on 17 August, Hao Luoyou returned to Xiajin and Zhangdi to organize the masses with Ren Wang and others to continue the struggle. And spread the message to the surrounding counties, and agreed to gather in Zhangdi on the first day of October. Due to the leakage of the news, Xia Jin Chengxun besieged the general army, Hao Luo was killed in battle, Ren Wang and others were arrested and killed in Xia Jin.

After the Song Lion Department broke through from Liyuantun, it moved to Quzhou and Yuancheng to fight. On August 15, the 25th year of Guangxu (September 8, 1900), he contacted Li Luohao, Han Jiu and others to lead the crowd to attack Taozhai in Qiu County, but was ambushed by officers and soldiers, and lost most of them. After Song broke through the siege, he did not know where to go, and more than 100 people such as Li Luohao and Han Jiu were still active in the area of Qiu County, and they were dispersed by officers and soldiers in November of that year.

At this point, the fighting forces of the Boxer Boxer in the Guanwei and Wei areas have been basically wiped out. The local government completely surrendered to the power of the church. After the failure of the Boxer movement, Zhao Sanduo moved to Guangzong, Julu, and Nangong to carry out activities. At the beginning of 1902, Jing Tingbin's struggle against donations and reparations broke out in Zhili, and Zhao Sanduo led his troops to participate in Jing Tingbin's "Sweeping and Exterminating the Ocean" uprising. Jing Tingbin's uprising team amounted to more than 100,000 people, including more than 40,000 people in Julu, 30,000 people in Guangzong, more than 20,000 people in Weixian uprising, and more than 10,000 Yihe boxers. The Jingtingbin uprising team mainly came from the township group, and there were also many plum blossom boxers who came to attach.

At that time, Zhao Sanduo's boxer still did not reduce the combat effectiveness of that year, and it was the strongest fighting force in the Jingtingbin uprising team. Zhao Sanduo was involved in Jing Tingbin's core secrets. After Zhao Sanduo fought in Dongzhao Village, he broke through and went to Nangong, Julu and other places, and was later informed, imprisoned in prison, he went on hunger strike in prison for several days, did not enter a drop of water, calmly took justice, and died at the age of 64.

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