The Liao army in Chang'an City occupied Chang'an without much effort, and the city was occupied by all the Khitan soldiers at this time, and the remaining Great Song troops were also because of Xiao Xiaomu's sudden attack, and there were not thousands of people who were wiped out? Most of the Song Dynasty soldiers also surrendered to the Liao army because their relatives were captured alive.

In their opinion, their families have been killed, and they are still resisting a urge, for the sake of their families, they are also forced to take the initiative to join the Liao army, Chang'an has been controlled by the Liao army inside and outside, when the commander of the Song army heard that the Liao army has completely occupied Chang'an, only to really understand that these are just the conspiracy of the commander of the Liao army. He just wanted to gather troops to deal with the Khitans, but he knew that now that he had lost the hearts of the people, even if he said that he was a conspiracy of the Khitan soldiers, it was estimated that no one in the city believed it, he really didn't expect that the Liao army would be able to easily occupy Chang'an City without much effort, and now he himself is really ashamed of the official family, ashamed of the grace of the Great Song Dynasty, he really wants to commit suicide, but he knows that although he has lost the area of Chang'an, Luoyang Yuanzhou is still there, and the barrier of the Great Song Dynasty is still there, At that time, he must report the current situation to the official family, and he can't let such a situation happen again, he must leave as soon as possible, otherwise no one will know the current situation in Chang'an.

Since the Liao army occupied Lanzhou, it blocked the way of the Song people's troops to the north, and this time the Great Song Dynasty was used by the Liao army to lose the hearts of the people, and then Yelu Long's army was like entering a no-man's land, and soon failed? As soon as Chang'an is lost, Luoyang will be in danger, Luoyang will soon become an important place in Liaozhong, and now even if he reports it himself, he estimates that other people in the Song Kingdom will soon report to their official Zhao Guangyi, and those who win the hearts of the people since ancient times will win the world, which is doomed. So he also left from Chang'an quickly, which is not an escape, but someone always has to report the situation in Chang'an to the Great Song Emperor, otherwise it will not be a good thing for them in the Great Song Dynasty.

The Song Dynasty lost Chang'an, it can be said that the Liao State was too treacherous, when this group of people broke in and took a look, they sighed in their hearts that this kind of escape was too fast, and they also hated the seed release very much in their hearts, in his opinion, you just left, but under what circumstances you left, they don't know, because their current goal is to plant this place, they are a little confused, why the seed suddenly disappeared in this place, but when they saw the Liao soldiers coming towards them, They understood everything The original Liao army took advantage of the lack of defenders in the city, and suddenly launched an attack, and now their group of people knows that they only have four ways to give themselves, maybe in order to reduce casualties, Xiao Xiaomu asked his subordinates to send their families up, it turns out that their families did not die at all in the hands of the Liao State, at this time Xiao Xiaomu secretly died in his heart It is impossible for anyone to die, and now the most important thing is to turn this group of Song soldiers into my Da Liao's soldiers and horses, otherwise it is not a good thing for us, But luckily I was smart enough to get people over, otherwise I wouldn't know what to do? How to control these people and things.

Xiao Xiaomu said to this group of people: "You know that you miss your family, I heard the news from my subordinates before, saying that the Song Dynasty escorted your family and was ready to do it, but my Da Liao soldiers and horses dealt with it quickly, because we Da Liao know that you and our Da Liao are friends, and we also want to help you out of obligation, this time I know that I can't let you meet so quickly, because once I let you meet, if I let the seed release get the news, it is estimated that he will do that?" Taking advantage of the fact that your family is silent and slandering us to take your thoughts when the time comes, we Daliao can't bear to watch you being used by them? Our emperor sent us this time, not to attack the city, but to let you have a good life, too much of the Great Song Dynasty system is easier to make your life unsatisfied, so the emperor said that everything you surrender now, not only allow you to continue to serve as a soldier in our Chang'an, but also let your family only pay one percent of the tax, the same is true for the people of Chang'an, not only that, you originally lived in an increase of a little money, ten taels of silver per person, as long as you are sincere, our emperor will also let you fight bravely on the battlefield. If you don't want to be a soldier, our emperor will still distribute gold and silver, so that you and your family can be able to solve the problem of food, clothing, food and clothing. ”

At this time, some soldiers were very excited in their hearts, but some soldiers didn't know if these things were true, in the Central Plains, morale is higher than everything, as long as their families can be with them, this is mostly a thing for them to make them happy, these things are also very normal things.

In the era of cold weapons, the most important thing in combat is morale and training, or morale is more important! When morale is high, even if the number is small and the equipment is poor, it can often fight to the death, and when morale is low, no matter how many people and equipment are good, it is also a rabble, and the victorious side in countless classic battles in history is not the side with high morale. I think morale reflects that the ability of people to control their own fears in battle, to fully develop their wisdom and combat skills, is a multiplier of combat effectiveness, without morale, loss of confidence in victory, no matter how smart a person, no matter how good the equipment is lost. From a human point of view, I analyzed the impact of various conditions on morale.

1. "The teacher is famous".

Different war purposes have a great impact on the motivation of the participants. Lacking the motivation to participate in the war, the participants of the war face the biggest crisis of death, and the morale of soldiers to generals must not be high, who wants to die in vain. The author personally divides the purpose of war into: war of aggression, war of "defending the country" and war of religion.

In the war of aggression, the attraction of economically and culturally backward countries and nations is quite large, and the resulting morale is relatively high, even if it encounters a battle or defeat in battle, the morale is not easy to decline, and the rich wealth and resources of the other side are a great temptation, and they will not hesitate to suffer desperately. The encroachment of the Roman Empire by the barbarian peoples, and the long invasion of China by the northern nomads, it was precisely because of the irresistible temptation of these peoples that this war of aggression could be continued for tens and hundreds of years.

However, the situation is different for countries and nations with relatively developed economies and cultures. In the early stage of the war, due to the strength of the country, the self-esteem of the people is very strong, the so-called invincible, morale can be maintained at a very high level in the short term, but generally the object of this kind of war is the surrounding weak and small countries, once the war can not be resolved quickly, or encounter the resistance of the other side and encounter setbacks, morale will quickly decrease, since the desire to increase wealth can not be achieved, it is better to go home and enjoy the benefits. However, if the country has experienced a long period of stability, and the people can accumulate enough wealth in their daily lives, and there is no urgent need to accumulate wealth by invading other countries, and then rashly start a war, although the army is fierce, the morale is not high, and it is more fragile. There will always be an end to the crusades of many powerful countries in history, and the economic reasons are on the one hand, and the gradual loss of the people's fighting spirit is also a reason.

In addition, the war against foreign invasion is not necessarily a simple defense, but also a war action that takes the initiative to attack in the hope of going out in the future. The greater the threat to the enemy's survival, the higher the morale of the resistance. This is a bit similar to the so-called "dog jumping off the wall", so the initial morale is also very high. The weak and small nations, economic, military, etc., can not directly compete with the invaders, and are more likely to be forced into the dead end of the nation's survival, and a desperate battle can always produce high morale, if it loses, the crisis is greater, the resistance is stronger, and if it succeeds, the confidence is greatly increased. On the other hand, the aggressors have shown that anti-war retreat has gathered, often leading to successive defeats. However, if the defender is the stronger side of the country, because the foundation is good, an invasion by the enemy will not immediately cause an existential crisis for the whole country, so "stay in the green mountains and are not afraid of no firewood", "there is no place to stay here", and the will to resist will not be very resolute.

As for the religious wars, I am an atheist and don't know much about them.

2. Logistics and equipment

Man is iron, rice is steel, man can never always fight on an empty stomach. Weapons and equipment are tools to kill, and soldiers can't always bite the enemy to death with their teeth. In the era of cold weapons, once the war starts, I think these two points are the most basic elements of support. Of course, with the progress of the times, there are many aspects to be considered in modern logistics.

Food and grass are sufficient, the danger of the soldier mainly comes from the enemy, if this can not be done, then the danger comes from both the enemy and us, for a long time in this situation, how can the morale be high, sooner or later self-chaos, driven by the instinct of human survival, either fleeing, surrendering or rebelling, in order to seek the possibility of survival. This is a basic common sense needless to say.

Let's talk about equipment. Strong-armoured soldiers are more confident in defeating the enemy, and morale increases, and vice versa. But once the elite army loses, the impact on oneself and others is also greater, such an elite division is not yet able to win, let alone the rest of the ordinary troops. For logistics, such as not being able to replenish feather arrows in time, repairing and maintaining weapons, etc., will cause this kind of mood to breed. If the inferior side lacks the means to deal with the enemy army for a long time, advanced weapons and equipment, such as the lack of effective methods against the nomadic cavalry of the Central Plains people for a long time, it will affect their confidence and reduce morale.

3. Training

Adequate training of excellent combat skills, both physically and in command, will increase the confidence of victory, and the morale of the side will be greatly increased. Similar to equipment, the defeat of the better trained team will often have a big blow to the morale of the own team, while the morale of the enemy will be greatly boosted.

4. Number of people

Everyone has always talked about the number of people in ancient wars, often tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, or even millions. I think the impact of the number of people on the morale of the whole army is "disdain more than profit", but it does not mean that the less the better, because for the cold weapon war, most of the cases are still hard manpower, I just think that the more people, to maintain high morale, the more effort spent, not to mention the difficulty, the faster the loss of morale. Morale is largely the same as the plague, it will be transmitted to the people around you through people, and the rise and fall of morale often begins with one person, and the conditions conducive to the growth of morale will suppress the influence of individual complainers, and vice versa.

Man is an animal that is easily agitated by the big scene, and at the same time, the vast majority of people follow the crowd. Imagine I'm part of an ancient army mobilized for a massive war. First of all, suppose that in the section where the division became famous, at the beginning of this war, the whole army had the belief that it would win, and the period was high, and in the process of troop assembly, I saw all kinds of comrades-in-arms from all over the country, and everyone had more or less self-confidence, so I was gradually infected, and my confidence increased, on the contrary, if I started the army, there was pessimism and despair, because of the large number of people, it would only exacerbate the fear in my heart. Maybe he deserted before he even set out on the expedition.

The army is pulled, the soldiers are strong and the horses are strong, the army is sufficient, the siege of the city and the village are very smooth, there are not many casualties, I think it is so smooth, as long as you are smart, there is no problem to go home safely, maybe you can also make a meritorious hero, seeing that the comrades-in-arms around you are also healthy as before, some have made meritorious contributions, very envious, and everyone's morale is not a problem. Even if Armageddon is just around the corner, seeing the large number of our troops, there is nothing to worry about.

On the other hand, if the battle is not going well, there are heavy casualties, there are dead and wounded people around you, and a decisive battle is imminent, even if the commander instigates, it will be useless.

After the war, the inconvenience of ancient communication can only feel the overall situation through the reflection of the people around them, the people around them are fighting to the death, and they can only follow the death battle in the phalanx, and there are more and more people around them, of course, they have to retreat, so the instinct to survive makes everyone chaotic and rush to flee for their lives.

Morale is created and maintained by the fundamental law of survival. The greater the chance of survival, the worse the mood for battle, as long as you can survive, you can avoid a war, but once you have to fight, the greater the chance of defeating the enemy to survive, the stronger your self-confidence, and the higher your morale. If there are more people, better equipment, and enough food and grass, the soldiers will have a strong sense of security! When you resist the enemy, your morale is high, but when you take the initiative, you lose your advantage, your sense of security decreases, and your morale decreases.

Training can reduce the rate of morale reduction of soldiers under unfavorable conditions, and the morale of the two armies will rise against each other, and the higher the morale of one side will have a greater chance of winning. In the case that one side cannot take advantage of the above factors, it will break the enemy's shortcomings and exacerbate the factors that reduce its morale, so as to offset the factors that can increase morale. For example, if the enemy has a large number of soldiers, is well-equipped, and well-trained (it seems that in ancient wars, it is impossible to have a large number of people and be well-trained, so let's assume for the time being), our side should seize the difficulty of maintaining its effective operation, destroy its food and grass, and disintegrate its fighting spirit, and the enemy's combat strength can be reduced and increase our morale, and look for fighters to break it in one fell swoop.

Morale is very important to the country, and now the Song Dynasty's troops are only half wiped out, Xiao Xiaomu knows that this group of soldiers is also a little resistant to himself, although he said the benefits of his emperor, but they still have problems in their hearts, what is the problem, the show is far from over!