Li Shimin's concern is justified, during the Zhenguan period, the forces of the five surnames and seven wangs were suppressed.

But in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the power of the family rose again, and even more terrifying.

Many official positions above the court are still in the hands of the family.

Because they have enough background, as well as numerous books, and the best teachers.

And after Li Su heard Li Shimin's worries, he couldn't help but smile and said: "Father, the problem you said may be solved by the son-in-law." ”

Li Shimin's eyes couldn't help but light up, and he couldn't help asking, "Su'er, are you telling the truth?" What are you using to solve this problem? ”

Li Su couldn't help but smile and said: "Father, the child's solution is to use Hanyu Pinyin." ”

Li Shimin asked in wonder: "Hanyu Pinyin?" What is that? ”

Li Su picked up the pen and wrote down twenty-six children and mothers on the paper, and marked the pronunciation after each letter.

These letters, when they first came out, probably didn't get used to it, but after using it for a long time, you got used to it.

In fact, in Taiwan, there are letters composed of the side of the word, but Li Yu has not learned it, and he is too lazy to redeem it in the mall, so he directly uses the letters.

Li Su couldn't help but point to these letters and said to Li Shimin: "Father, you see, with these letters, you can mark the pronunciation of all Chinese characters." When the time comes, they will be able to spell out the pronunciation of a word through the letters, and they can also learn it on their own without having to be a husband. ”

Li Shimin asked suspiciously: "Su'er, can you really mark the pronunciation of all Chinese characters with only twenty-six letters?" ”

Li Su smiled and said: "This is natural, if you don't believe it, your father can give it a try." ”

After Li Su finished speaking, Li Shimin picked up the pen and wrote down the two words Zhenguan.

And Li Su wrote pinyin, zhen guan, on the top of the two words, and said to Li Shimin: "Father, you see, weaving grace - Zhen, a five - view." ”

This spelling, although it has a weird feeling, can really be spelled out.

Shocked, Li Shimin wrote a lot of words, Li Su marked the spelling one by one, and every word could be spelled out.

Li Shimin has written hundreds of words, and finally believes that the method of using pinyin to mark is indeed feasible!

Li Su smiled and said: "Father, in this way, you can compile a dictionary, and in the dictionary, you can not only find out the pronunciation of each word, but also find out the meaning of this word or the word composed of this word." In this way, even the children of poor families can learn on their own. ”

A dictionary can indeed allow the children of poor families to learn on their own.

But a dictionary alone is not enough.

Li Shimin couldn't help but say worriedly: "However, the knowledge in the book, if there is no sentence break by Mr., it is difficult for beginners to break sentences, what should I do?" ”

Li Su smiled and said: "This is easy to solve, you can use punctuation marks to directly break the sentence of the article." In this way, there is no need to learn sentence breaks at all, just read them directly. ”

As he spoke, Li Su wrote out the punctuation marks such as commas, periods, colons, quotation marks, exclamation marks, and ellipses, and explained to Li Shimin the purpose of these punctuation marks.

Then write a sentence, the way of the university is in Mingmingde, in being close to the people, and in stopping at perfection.

Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say it!" ”

After writing, add punctuation, and sure enough, it is clear at a glance.

Li Shimin couldn't help but say happily: "With punctuation marks and dictionaries, there will be more and more children of poor families who can become officials through the imperial examination, this is really a good way to deal with the family!" ”

"But now there is the problem that books are too expensive. Those poor people can't afford it at all. And without books, they have no way to learn on their own, I wonder if you have a solution? ”

In ancient times, especially before the Song Dynasty, the price of a book was extremely high.

Because in those times, the price of paper was high.

And because to carve a book, you need to make the corresponding mold, and if you carve another book, you have to change the mold again.

As a result, the cost of books is extremely high.

Basically, only those big families have a lot of books, and the children of the poor can't afford them at all.

If you want to read, you can only borrow and copy books.

But if you want to borrow books, they may not lend them to you.

Or if you borrow a book, you have to accept someone's affection and get on someone's boat.

It is through these means that the Maison exercises cultural control.

After hearing Li Shimin's question, Li Su couldn't help but smile and said, "Father, in fact, this problem is easy to solve. At present, the technology of papermaking is extremely backward, and the method of papermaking can be improved, so that the price of paper can be greatly reduced. ”

"As for typography, it can be improved into movable type printing. Movable type printing is to carve out a template of Chinese characters, and when you need to print, you only need to arrange these characters in a certain order. After printing, these molds can still be used next time. In this way, the cost can be significantly reduced! ”

After listening to Li Su's words, Li Shimin's face couldn't help but show a strange look.

Li Shimin couldn't help but squat down, took out most of the half roll of toilet paper from the cabinet and asked, "Su'er, is this the kind of paper you are talking about?" This kind of paper is delicate, the quality is indeed very good, but unfortunately it will be scattered when used for writing, this kind of paper, there is no way to use it! Also, such a good paper, you actually put it in the latrine, it's really a terrible thing! ”

Yes?

Seeing most of the half roll of toilet paper, Li Su finally remembered.

Isn't this the last time I went to the toilet in the Hanxiang Temple, the toilet paper I bought from the mall was used up and put directly into the toilet?

I didn't expect to be picked up by my father and used as good paper......

Li Su had no choice but to say: "Father, in fact, this kind of paper is called toilet paper, this is not used for writing, this is toilet paper." ”

Well, the toilet problem in the Tang Dynasty is simply a history of blood and tears for later generations.

The palace uses toilet chips, which are scraped clean with bamboo chips and used to open the buttocks.

The key is that after this thing is used, soak it in water and clean it, and use it again next time!

This is still in the palace, if it is an ordinary people's house, it is what is the use of what it is.

Small stones, leaves, branches, almost anything that touches it.

Only those families are slightly better, and they use paper or silk cloth.

Besides, the paper of that era was actually not easy to use. It's hard and astringent, and it has to be rubbed soft in advance before it can be used, and the cost is extremely high, even if it is not used in the palace.

Therefore, when Li Shimin heard the word toilet paper, he didn't know what it was used for a while.