The Yellow Turban Rebellion, also known as the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Yellow Turban Disaster, was a peasant uprising in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and one of the largest religious forms of civil rebellion in Chinese history, which began in the seventh year of Emperor Guanghe of the Han Dynasty (184 AD), when the imperial court was corrupt, the eunuchs and relatives fought endlessly, the border wars continued, the country became weaker and weaker, and because of the national drought, the grain was not collected and the taxes were not reduced, and the desperate poor peasants rose up one after another under the order of Zhang Jiao, they tied the yellow scarf on their heads, and shouted "The sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand, The slogan of "years in Jiazi, the world is auspicious", launched a fierce attack on the bureaucratic landlords, and had a huge impact on the rule of the Eastern Han court, in order to quell the rebellion, all over the country supported the army and self-respect, although the final uprising ended in failure, but the warlords were divided, and the Eastern Han Dynasty was irretrievably extinguished, which eventually led to the formation of the Three Kingdoms situation.

The Yellow Turban Rebellion in History: The Yellow Turban Rebellion, also known as the Yellow Turban Rebellion, was a peasant war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the largest religiously organized rebellion in Chinese history.

The Yellow Turban Army uprising began in the seventh year of Emperor Guanghe of the Han Dynasty (184 AD), when the imperial court was corrupt, the eunuchs and relatives fought endlessly, the frontier wars continued, the country became weaker and weaker, and because of the national drought, the grain was not collected and the taxes were not reduced, and the desperate poor peasants rose up one after another under the order of the giant deer man Zhang Jiao, they tied their heads with yellow scarves and shouted: "The sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand, the age is in Jiazi, the world is auspicious" slogan, launched a fierce attack on the bureaucracy and landlords, and had a huge impact on the rule of the Eastern Han court.

"Cangtian" refers to the Eastern Han Dynasty, and "Huangtian" refers to the Taiping Road, and according to the speculation that the Five Virtues have always said, the Han Dynasty is the fire virtue, the fire gives birth to the earth, and the soil is yellow, so all believers are tied with a yellow scarf as a mark, symbolizing to replace the corrupt Eastern Han Dynasty. On the one hand, Zhang Jiao sent people to write the word "Jiazi" on the door of the government office as a recognition, and on the other hand, he sent Ma Yuanyi to Jingzhou and Yangzhou to gather tens of thousands of people to Ye to prepare, and went to Luoyang several times to collude with the eunuchs Feng Xu and Xu Feng, wanting to cooperate with the outside world.

However, a month before the uprising, a disciple of Zhang Jiao named Tang Zhou told the informant and confessed to Ma Yuanyi, the inner director of the Beijing Division, Ma Yuanyi was torn apart, and the officers and soldiers vigorously arrested and killed the believers who believed in the Taiping Dao, and ordered Jizhou to hunt down Zhang Jiao. Due to the suddenness of the incident, Zhang Jiao was forced to attack in February one month in advance, known as the Yellow Turban Rebellion or the Yellow Turban Rebellion, because the insurgents tied the Yellow Turban on their heads, so they were called "Yellow Turbans" or "Moth Thieves", Zhang Jiao called himself "General Tiangong", Zhang Bao and Zhang Liang were "General Digong" and "General Rengong" in the northern Jizhou area. Within a month, wars broke out in 28 counties in seven prefectures across the country, and the Yellow Turban Army was like a bamboo, and the prefectures and counties were lost, and the officials fled, shaking Kyoto.

Although the chaos was quelled, the prestige of the Han family suffered a serious blow, but Emperor Ling of Han did not reform, but continued to enjoy himself. There were also small rebellions in various places, resulting in many scattered forces, such as Black Mountain, Baibo, Huanglong, Zuoxiao, Niujiao, Wulu, Qigen, Li Damu, Zuo Zhangba, Kujia, Liu Shi, Pinghan, Dahong, Baihuan, Sili, Yuancheng, Luoshi, Lei Gong, Fuyun, Feiyan, Baijue, Yang Feng, Yu Poison, etc., and there were thousands of people with small forces, and even millions of people with large forces, such as Zhang Yan's Black Mountain thieves.

In 188 AD, the Yellow Turban Army revolted again, and the rest of the Yellow Turban rebelled one after another. In February, Guo Tai and others rose up in Baibo Valley in Hedong and attacked Taiyuan County, Hedong County and other places. In April, the Yellow Turban Army of Gepi in Runan County rose again and captured the county. In October, the Yellow Turban Army of Qingzhou and Xuzhou rose up again and attacked the counties. In November, the Han court sent Bao Hong to attack the most powerful Gepi Yellow Turban, and the two sides fought at Gepi, and Bao Hong's army was defeated. The Yellow Turban Divisions rose one after another, and although the momentum was not as strong as the first Yellow Turban Rebellion, it gave the Han family a headache.

In order to suppress the rebellion, in March 188, Emperor Ling accepted the suggestion of Liu Yan, Taichang, and changed part of the assassin history to a state pastor, which was served by the clan or important ministers, so that he could have the power of the local military and government, so as to strengthen the strength of the local government, make it easier to control the locality, and effectively suppress the remnants of the Yellow Turbans. And it is precisely because Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty delegated power that the local army supported the self-respect. It led to the heroes attacking each other, chasing the Central Plains, and even the emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty was like nothing in the hands of the warlords, so the Yellow Turban Rebellion was the fuse that promoted the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the prelude to the Three Kingdoms era. Despite this, the turmoil created amnesty party members, and many civil servants and officials were reinstated.

Now let's talk about Zhang Jiao; Zhang Jiao (?-184), a native of Julu (now Pingxiang County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province), was the leader of the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the founder of Taiping Dao.

In his early years, Zhang Jiao believed in the doctrine of Huang Lao, and also studied the science of Wei Wei, which was very popular in the Han Dynasty, and was also very familiar with folk medicine and witchcraft. During the reign of Emperor Jianning of the Han Dynasty, the epidemic was prevalent. Zhang Jiao then took his two younger brothers, Zhang Liang and Zhang Bao, to the Jizhou area, where the disaster was particularly serious, "holding a nine-section scepter, for the blessing of the charm, teaching the sick to kowtow and think, because of the charm water to drink, the sick or the day is shallow and healed, then the cloud this person believes; or if it does not heal, it is disbelief." After drinking his talisman water, many sick people were cured without medicine, and Zhang Jiao was worshiped as a living immortal by the people, and Zhang Jiao sent eight envoys to preach abroad.

As a result, more and more believers were pursued, even as high as hundreds of thousands, covering the eight prefectures of Qing, Xu, You, Hebei, Jing, Yang, Yan, and Henan, accounting for almost three-quarters of the country at that time. In order to defect to Zhangjiao, many people did not hesitate to sell their property, traveled thousands of miles, scrambled to be the first, and the followers were crowded, and it is said that more than 10,000 people were trampled to death halfway.

During the reign of Emperor Xiping of the Han Dynasty, he got the "Taiping Qing Collar Book" passed on by Taoist priest Yu Ji and others, and created the "Taiping Dao" according to part of the content of the "Taiping Qing Collar Book", calling himself a "great sage and good teacher", boxing Huang Lao Dao, taking the five elements of yin and yang and the spell as the fundamental teaching, and believing in the way of "Zhonghuang Taiyi".

Soon after, the Taiping Dao believers grew to hundreds of thousands, and Zhang Jiao organized them into 36 parties, more than 10,000 people in the big square, and 6 or 7,000 people in the small side. Zhang Jiao called on the peasants to rise up to overthrow the Eastern Han regime, shouted the slogan "The sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand, the age is in Jiazi, the world is auspicious", determined the date of the uprising as the first year of Emperor Zhongping of the Han Dynasty (184 AD), and actively planned the uprising, after the traitors rebelled, Zhang Jiao launched an uprising in advance.

After the uprising broke out, Zhang Jiao, as the leader of the Taiping Dao, led the main force of the Yellow Turban Army in Jizhou, and did not regulate other legions until the first year of Zhongping (184 AD), when he died of illness in Jizhou. Under his influence, the Yellow Turban Rebellion and peasant uprisings in various places lasted for decades, making the Eastern Han Dynasty exist in name only, opening the era of war and chaos in the Three Kingdoms.