ZHANG He(?) -231), the character of the people, the people of the river. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was recruited to participate in the suppression of the Yellow Turban Uprising, and later belonged to Jizhou Mu Han Fu as the military commander. In 191, Yuan Shao took Jizhou, and Zhang He led his troops to surrender and served as a captain. Because of the meritorious service of Sun Zhan, he was moved to the general of Ningguo Zhonglang. Later, he surrendered to Cao Cao in the Battle of Guandu. Since then, he has followed Cao Cao to attack Wuhuan, break Ma Chao, and descend to Zhang Lu, and has repeatedly made war exploits. After staying in Hanzhong with the general Xiahou Yuan, the protector general. In 215, he led an army to attack the Brazilian Danqu and was defeated by the Shu general Zhang Fei. Later, he served as a general of Dangkou. In 219, from Xiahou Yuan to meet Liu Bei's army in Dingjun Mountain, when Xiahou Yuan died in battle, the whole army was in danger, Zhang He acted as the commander and led his troops to retreat safely. Houtun Chencang.

After Cao Pi became emperor, he was promoted to general of the left, sealed the marquis, and was ordered to attack Ping'an Dingqianghu from Cao Zhen, and then besieged Jiangling with Xiahou Shang. In 228, with Cao Zhenxi's rejection of Zhuge Liang, he defeated the Shu army at Jieting and forced him to retreat to Hanzhong. Because of his merits, he was promoted to the general of the Western Che Cavalry. In 231, he led his troops to pursue the Shu army and died of an arrow in the wooden gate. Zhang Herong was known for his skillful use of troops, good at arranging camps, and taking advantage of the terrain.

During the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Zhang He was conscripted into the army and participated in the suppression of the rebellion as Han Fu's military commander. After Han Fu sold Jizhou, he worked for Yuan Shao. He made a lot of military exploits when attacking Gongsun Zhan and moved to the rank of general of Ningguo.

In the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao attacked Wuchao, and Zhang He said: "Cao Gong's soldiers are brave and good at fighting, and they will definitely defeat Chun Yuqiong and others." Once Chun Yuqiong fails, then the general's great cause is over, and you should lead troops to rescue as soon as possible. But the strategist Guo Tu said: "What Zhang He said is not a good idea, our army might as well attack Cao Cao's camp, Cao Cao is bound to come to the rescue, so Chun Yuqiong's danger will not be saved and solved." Zhang He retorted: "Cao Gong's camp is solid, and he will definitely not be able to attack it in a hurry." If Chun Yuqiong and the others are captured, we will also be taken prisoner. As a result, Yuan Shao listened to Guo Tu, did not listen to Zhang He's dissuasion, and sent him to attack Cao Cao's military camp, but not only did he not capture it, but the black nest that lacked rescue was also robbed. After Guo Tu's plan failed, he framed Zhang He and made insulting remarks after the failure, and Zhang He and other generals were afraid of being held accountable, so they surrendered to Cao Cao. Cao Cao was pleased with Zhang He's surrender, personally greeted him and said, "Ruweizi goes to Yin, Han Xin returns to Hanye", and then served as a partial general and a marquis of the capital pavilion.

Later, Zhang He was heavily used by Cao Cao and handed over to his troops, allowing him to follow him to attack Yecheng and occupy Yecheng. Zhang He followed Cao Cao to the Bohai Sea to attack Yuan Tan, and he alone led his army to surround Yongnu and defeat Yuan's army. When accompanying Cao Cao to conquer Liucheng, Zhang He and Zhang Liao served as vanguards, and Zhang He was promoted to General Pingdi because of his repeated military exploits. Zhang He also led the army to conquer Donglai County, crusaded against Guan Cheng, and also fought against Chen Lan, Mei Cheng and others with Zhang Liao and others, and won a complete victory. Zhang He followed Cao Cao to Weinan, defeated Ma Chao, Han Sui, etc., and surrounded Anding, and Yang Qiu surrendered. Zhang He and Xiahou Yuan together conquered the thief Kou Liangxing entrenched in Duncheng and the Di rebels of the Wudu generation, defeated Ma Chao's troops again, and pacified the area ruled by Song Jian.

In the twentieth year of Jian'an (215), Cao Cao went west to conquer Zhang Lu and arrived in Chencang, preparing to enter the Di tribe from Wudu County; The Di people blocked the way, and Cao Cao sent Zhang He to command an army against Liang Xing and the Di leader Dou Mao. Soon from Sanguan into Hanzhong, Zhang He was sent to lead 5,000 infantry to open the road in front of Yangping. Zhang Lu surrendered, Cao Cao returned to the army, and Zhang He, Xiahou Yuan, Xu Huang and others were left to defend Hanzhong to reject Liu Bei. In the same year, Zhang Hebei supervised the army to attack the two counties of Padang and Brazil, and moved the local people to Hanzhong. Liu Bei sent the captured general Zhang Fei to defend the Brazilian county to fight against Zhang He. Zhang He led the army to the ditch, and Zhang Fei refused for more than 50 days, Zhang Fei led more than 10,000 elite soldiers to attack Zhang He from the trail, because the mountain road is narrow, the end can not be rescued, Zhang He was defeated, only with more than ten people abandoned the horse to climb the mountain and escaped, and then collected the defeated soldiers, and withdrew to Nanzheng. Promoted to General Dangkou.

In the twenty-third year of Jian'an (218), Liu Bei attacked Hanzhong, tun in Yangping, Xiahou Yuan, Zhang He, Xu Huang and others led the army to meet the attack, and Zhang He was responsible for defending Guangshi.

In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219), Liu Bei personally led more than 10,000 elite soldiers, divided into ten divisions, and attacked Zhang He at night. Zhang He led his own troops to confront the Shu army, but Liu Bei could not conquer it, and Zhang He wrote a letter asking Yizhou to allocate reinforcements. Zhuge Liang hesitated for a while, and Yang Hong persuaded: "Hanzhong is the gateway to Yizhou, without Hanzhong, there would be no Yizhou, what are you hesitating about?" Zhuge Liang suddenly realized that he immediately sent troops for reinforcements. Afterwards, Liu Bei retreated to the horse valley and set fire to the camp, Xiahou Yuan knew that Zhang He had few soldiers, so he transferred some troops to reinforce and put out the fire, but met Liu Bei's army on the way and was killed by the Shu army. Cao's army was defeated, and Zhang He retreated to Yangping Kanto with the defeated army. And when Liu Bei heard that Xiahou Yuan was killed, he only said: "If you want to kill, kill Zhang He, what's the use of killing Xiahou Yuan!" ”

Sima Guo Huai and the overseer Du attacked to collect the scattered soldiers, Guo Huai saw this, and said: "General Zhang is a famous general of the country, and Liu Bei is also afraid of him." Now the situation is urgent, and only General Zhang can calm the morale of the army. So everyone elected Zhang He as the commander, commanded the soldiers, arranged the camp, and the army was stable. Soon, Cao Cao sent an envoy to order Zhang He to take a holiday. Liu Bei wanted to cross the Han River to attack, but when he saw the Wei army lined up north of the Han River to meet him, Liu Bei gave up crossing the river and held each other across the water. Cao Cao personally attacked Hanzhong and could not win, so he withdrew his troops from Hanzhong and ordered Zhang Hetun to garrison Chencang.

In the first year of Yankang (220), after Cao Pi became the throne of Wei, he appointed Zhang He as the general of Zuo and entered the title of Marquis of Duxiang. After Cao Pi ascended the throne, he made him the Marquis of Yan, and ordered Zhang He and Cao Zhen to lead soldiers and horses to conquer the Lu Shuihu and the Eastern Qiang people who were entrenched in the Anding generation. After the battle, Cao Pi summoned Zhang He and Cao Zhen in Xuchang Palace, and sent Zhang He south to attack Jiangxia County of the Eastern Wu regime with Xiahou Shang. Zhang He alone led several armies across the Yangtze River and captured the Wu army fortress on Bailizhou.

After Cao Rong ascended the throne, he sent Zhang He to the south, stationed in Jingzhou, and attacked Sun Quan's general Liu A and others with Sima Yi, and the army came to Qikou, fought fiercely with the Wu army, and defeated Liu A's troops.

In the second year of Taihe (228), Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu Han, invaded the north, and the officials of Tianshui, Nan'an, and Anding rebelled against Zhuge Liang.

At that time, the courtiers did not know what to do, and Cao Rong said confidently: "Zhuge Liang is stubborn and not easy to attack.

Now he came automatically, in line with the tactic of drawing out the enemy. Defeating Zhuge Liang is a certainty. So Cao Rong gave Zhang He a special entry and asked him to supervise all kinds of military horses and block Zhuge Liang's subordinate general Ma Jian in the street pavilion. Ma Tan set up a village in the dangerous Nanshan and did not go down the mountain to occupy the city. Zhang He cut off his access to water, and then launched an attack, defeating Ma Tan. The counties of Nan'an, Tianshui, and Anding rebelled against Wei in response to Zhuge Liang, and Zhang He led his troops to pacify these places. Cao Rong issued an edict and said: "The thief Kou Zhuge Liang led the rabble of Ba and Shu and met the soldiers of our army like a tiger. General, thou shalt be clothed in armor and wielded in thy sharp weapon, and thou shalt conquer all thou shalt conquer thou shalt be rewarded, and thou shalt increase thy food and thou shalt increase thy food and thy one thousand, and thy one thousand shall be rewarded, and thou shalt make a thousand three hundred. ”

At that time, Sima Yi was in Jingzhou to control the naval army, and planned to enter the Yangtze River along the water to crusade against Eastern Wu, Cao Rong issued an edict ordering Zhang He to command the troops in Guanzhong to accept Sima Yi's command. When Zhang He arrived in Jingzhou, it was just in time for the shallow water in winter, and the big ships could not travel, so he returned to Shifang City and stationed there. In 229 A.D. (the third year of Taihe), Zhuge Liang once again went out of Qishan and launched a fierce attack on Chen Cang. Cao Rong sent a stagecoach to summon Zhang He to Beijing, and also personally went to the county seat of Henan to set up a banquet to see Zhang He off. Cao Rong sent 30,000 soldiers and two battalions of warriors from Wuwei and Huben to guard Zhang He, and asked Zhang He: "When the general arrives at the front line, will Zhuge Liang already occupy Chencang?" Zhang He knew that Zhuge Liang's lone army was deep and would not carry too much grain and grass, so he could not attack for a long time, so he replied: "It is estimated that Zhuge Liang has already withdrawn before the minister arrives at the front line." Chen Qu calculated that Zhuge Liang's grain and grass could not support ten days. Zhang He marched day and night to reach Nanzheng, and Zhuge Liang really retreated. Cao Heng ordered Zhang He to return to the capital and appointed him as the general of the western chariot cavalry.

Zhang He used military opportunities to become unparalleled, understood tactical changes, was good at setting up camps, and arranged strategies and tactics according to the terrain, there was no situation that he could not expect, and the generals of Shu from Zhuge Liang were very afraid of him. Although Zhang He was a military general, he liked to associate with Confucian scholars, and once recommended his fellow townsman Bei Zhan, saying that he was proficient in scriptures and noble character, and Cao Rong issued an edict saying: "In the past, when he was a general, he asked to set up a doctor of the Five Classics, and even in the military camp, he also sang poetry and played a game of throwing pots with Confucian scholars. Now the general is in charge of the army, and you are still paying attention to maintaining the etiquette of the imperial court inside. I greatly appreciated the general's kindness and allowed Bei Zhan to be promoted to doctor. ”

In the fifth year of Taihe (231), Zhuge Liang's fourth northern expedition, ordered Zhang He to lead the generals to Luoyang to meet the attack, Zhuge Liang retreated to Qishan, Zhang He chased to Mumen Valley, and the Shu army fought, the flying arrow hit Zhang He's right knee, Zhang He died, according to the record of "Wei Luo", it was Sima Yi who forcibly ordered Zhang He to pursue. The imperial court gave him the nickname of Marquis Zhuang, and his son Zhang Xiong succeeded him to the title. Zhang He fought for many years, repeatedly made military exploits, Emperor Ming gave him food, named his four sons as liehous, and gave his youngest son the title of Marquis of Guannei.