Without strong national defense and military strength, these life-saving foods and wealth will only become the objects of coveting and plundering by other countries, separatist forces, and robbers, so when engaging in grain production and reserves, Xia Xue has not forgotten how to further enhance the national defense and military strength of the Angel Country, and how to build a more powerful Angel Kingdom army that makes the enemy more fearful.

The Angel Kingdom is in the south, lacking war horses and excellent archers, so Xia Xue's current army is mainly infantry. In addition to the need for a good horse, the average person needs at least two years of training in addition to a good horse; The average person needs at least five years of training to become a good archer, and it requires strong arm strength and physical strength. The Turkic and other peoples of the northern steppes are a people on horseback, who have been riding and archery since childhood, and they are fierce and strong, so everyone is an excellent cavalry and archer. When the infantry and cavalry duel, the basic infantry was completely defeated, because the mobility, speed, and impact of the infantry could not be compared with the cavalry, Xia Xue once read the history books that hundreds of heavy armored elite infantry of the Song army were killed by more than a dozen Jin cavalry, because the mobility and speed of the cavalry far exceeded the infantry, and the cavalry could not retreat quickly when it could not be beaten, and the infantry could not catch up with the four-legged war horse, so they could only sigh in the dust. And if the infantry is defeated and wants to escape, it is basically impossible, only to be chased by the cavalry. The killing distance of the bow and arrow is within 80 meters - 150 meters, so the cavalry who is good at riding and archery can fight against the infantry without hand-to-hand combat, and only need to shoot the bow and arrow farther with the inertia of the war horse at a distance, which is used to constantly harass and shoot the infantry.

Therefore, in order to deal with the attack and threat of the enemy's cavalry, we can only design and produce muskets and artillery for later generations as soon as possible, and only muskets and artillery with longer firing distances and greater power can we be sure to defeat the fierce cavalry.

In order to concentrate on researching what type of guns are suitable for the design and production of the current weak industrial base, Xia Xue handed over most of the daily work of the Angel Kingdom to her uncle Gao Shilian, the Red Whisk Girl, and a cabinet composed of several respected celebrities selected from all over the country to deal with, Li Jing was fully responsible for defense and military training, and the formation and training of the navy were handed over to the bearded guest, and she devoted herself to conducting various research experiments in the laboratory. In fact, these studies began last year when the steel mill was built, because she knew that in troubled times, "the hardest fist" is the last word, "power comes out of the barrel of a gun", and force is the fundamental guarantee for survival and development.

While smelting and forging various types of high-quality steel, Xia Xue is also mining and smelting copper ore, lead ore, tin ore, antimony ore, aluminum ore, graphite, etc., and the completion of the machine tool factory allows Xia Xue to slowly turn the design on the drawings into reality. Xia Xue used graphite to make simple pencils and taught factory technicians and craftsmen to draw design drawings, which was more convenient to use than brushes, lead blocks, and black charcoal, and was very popular with factory craftsmen and technicians.

After repeated research and design, Xia Xue found that the current conditions can only produce the relatively backward fire of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There is no need to consider drug rifles, future laser guns, electromagnetic guns, particle guns, etc., and even the relatively backward machine guns of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries cannot be produced.

The road still needs to be walked step by step, Xia Xue sighed. With such a weak and backward industrial base, it can only design and produce some relatively backward muskets and artillery, but even these backward firearms are certainly more powerful than the most ferocious cavalry bows and arrows.

After much consideration, Xia Xue decided to abandon the smoothbore gun with front-loading ammunition, and also to give up the black. Gunpowder as a hair. Shoot. Medicine, though black. Gunpowder is simple to make, but the power is too small, and it is afraid of moisture and water, flammable and explosive, and it emits white smoke when shooting, which blocks one's vision and exposes one's target, which is not an ideal bullet. Shoot. Medicine.

After much research, Xia Xue decided to use smokeless gunpowder invented by the French chemist and engineer P. Viely in 1884. At that time, the nitrocellulose invented by Schönbay was widely used, and the fire produced in this way was very unstable, and there were many explosions in the fire storehouse. Vieli dissolved nitrocellulose in ether and alcohol, added an appropriate amount of stabilizer to it, became a gelatinous substance, and made the world's first smokeless flame by pressing it into sheets, cutting strips, and drying and hardening.

with black fire. Compared with smokeless fire, smokeless has the following advantages: 1. Smokeless; 2. There is no residue after the smokeless fire is burned, and no smoke occurs or only a small amount of smoke occurs. 3. Blacker. Fire. Triple the power of the projectile: The use of smokeless fires increases the range of the projectile, improving the ballistic straightness and shooting accuracy.

Xia Xue, who is proficient in chemistry, soon developed smokeless gunpowder that is safe and stable, has no smoke, has no residue after combustion, and is more powerful. Medicine to make the hair of the rifle. Shoot. Medicine.

Bottom. Huo Xiaxue decided to use mercury-free blasting agents such as tetrazolene, lead azide, potassium chlorate, antimony trisulfide and barium nitrate. The combination of mercury, potassium chlorate and antimony sulfide is a fire attack because of the thunder. Mercury has relatively poor stabilization performance, is highly toxic, and contains mines. Mercury firing charges tend to corrode the chambers, chambers and cartridges.

Among the engineering and technical personnel recruited by Xia Xue, there is an 18-year-old young man, named Xu Mo, tall and thin, fair-skinned, delicate, with a relatively thin body, shy and introverted personality, like a girl. However, Xia Xue found that this Xu Mo has an extraordinary talent for mechanical manufacturing, and many of the mechanical drawings she drew could not be understood by ordinary workers, but Xu Mo could quickly understand them. And he is ingenious, rigorous, in accordance with the requirements of Xia Xue's drawings, the machining is very fine and perfect, and sometimes can put forward some creative suggestions and improvements, so that Xia Xue can't help but be impressed, I didn't expect that there were such engineering and technical talents in ancient times, so Xia Xue promoted Xu Mo to the technical director of the angel company, and participated in all her product manufacturing and development work.

Xu Mo asked Xia Xue: "Why the bullet was fired. Medicine and bottom. Fire doesn't use the same kind of gunpowder? Isn't it much easier to use the same one. ”

Xia Xue smiled slightly: "That's because the properties of the two gunpowders are different. Launch. The drug burns slowly, steadily, has a high expansion rate and has good inertness, and will not detonate in general collisions. Bottom. Gunpowder is strong, flammable, bottom. Fire is also known as horizontal gunpowder. If the same kind of gunpowder is used, then the result will be: 1. All use the bottom. Gunpowder. Explosion of the chamber of the gun; 2. All use launches. The bullets were almost exclusively duds. ”

"Oh......" Xu Mo touched his head and smirked as if he didn't understand, he was really not so good at the advanced science of chemistry, and his talent was in mechanical manufacturing.

Dressed up hair. Shoot. Considering the lack of copper resources in the Sui Dynasty, Xia Xue decided to use copper-clad steel and painted steel.

The warhead Xia Xue decided to make it from steel and lead. The warhead is made of copper-clad steel tape as the blank material of the warhead shell, and the warhead is provided with a lead sleeve between the armor and the steel core, which is used to slow down the wear of the projectile to the rifling, and at the same time make the steel core and the armor tightly combined. Xia Xue's earliest production of warhead with a steel core head is a flat-top cone, and it was found that the mold loss was very large during production, and later changed to a flat-top arc, which greatly improved the life of the mold. Therefore, the rifle bullets designed by Xia Xue will be flat-topped arc in the future.

The bullet designed by Xia Xue consists of a warhead, a cartridge case, a bullet case, a bullet case Shoot. Medicine, bottom. The fire is composed of four parts. The warhead is used to penetrate and kill the target by relying on fast flight, and the cartridge case is used to connect the warhead and protect the target. Shoot. Charge and confined gunpowder gas while ejecting. The charge is to give the warhead a higher muzzle velocity through incention, and the bottom. Fire is used to fire. When fired, the firing pin excites the bottom. Fire. Bottom. The fire burns rapidly and ignites the launch inside the cartridge case. Medicine, hair. The projectile produces instantaneous ignition, and at the same time generates high temperature and high pressure, squeezing the warhead out of the shell. Propelled by the high pressure generated by the projectile, it moves forward, is squeezed by the rifling, produces a rotation, and is finally pushed out of the chamber.

Why did Xia Xue give up the front-loading ammunition smoothbore gun, the smoothbore gun is a firearm without rifling in the barrel, with a short range, about 100 meters, insufficient accuracy and low hit rate. Such a range and hit rate are even inferior to bows and arrows of cold weapons; Moreover, there are many problems with front-loading ammunition, the loading speed is slow, and it is easy to make mistakes, and soldiers cannot reload ammunition when lying down and prostrating, so they can only load while standing, which increases the casualty rate. There are so many problems with front-loading ammunition smoothbore guns, Xia Xue must give up.

Since the rifled front-loading ammunition smoothbore gun has been abandoned, it is necessary to design a breech-loading gun with rifling, no matter how difficult it is.

Rifled breech guns, rifling in the barrel, will make the bullet rotate, improve the stability of the bullet in flight after ejection, the warhead can fly farther, and the trajectory is more stable, so not only the range is long, but also the accuracy and hit rate are higher. Because the breech gun is loaded from the back of the firearm, the soldier can be reloaded when lying down and prostrating, and the breech gun is a fixed bullet, the gunner no longer has to worry about the situation that cannot be fired because of moisture and rain, only need to put the fire cap on the fire door, and then pull the hammer to strike to ignite.