Chapter 9: Two Generals
Warsaw, the capital of Poland, is a historic city that now resembles a hedgehog covered in thorns. At the edge of the city, you can see the outer defensive ring composed of "fast fronts". Unlike other regions, these bunkers are connected, almost a wall.
Behind these "walls" are the resistance hubs that rise slightly above them, and behind them are the street fighting fortresses formed by the tall buildings. In order to defend the capital, the Poles seem to have abandoned the defense of other areas, and the defense force of the entire city has reached an extremely large force of 350,000 men.
Joseph. Pilsudski was the commander of the Polish army, a controversial Polish statesman, military strategist, national hero, and dictator.
As a young man, he was arrested for participating in the assassination of Tsar Alexander III of Russia and exiled to Siberia. Later joined the Polish Socialist Party, fought against Russia during World War I, but was imprisoned by Germany. In 1918, Poland became independent and established a republic, and he became president until 1922 and fought against the Soviet Union.
On the stage of history, he strengthened the Polish state apparatus with an iron fist, defeated the powerful Red Army externally, and strengthened Poland's economic and industrial strength internally. When Pilsudski died of illness in 1935, Hitler privately told his cronies: "The most terrible man in Poland has died, and the country is no longer in trouble." ”
Of course, this is just another piece of history and has little to do with our story. The purpose of quoting this history here is only to illustrate what kind of person he was from one side.
Such a can be Adolf. The figure that Hitler praised was defeated by a young general of the Soviet Red Army, his current opponent - Tukhachevsky.
Tukhachevsky, born on February 6, 1893 in Dorogob County, Smolensk Province, Russia, to a declining aristocratic family, was studious and had a wide range of interests, especially in military affairs. In 1911, he entered the First Armament School of Catherine in Moscow. The following year, he was selected for further studies at the Alexander Military Academy with the first place, and in 1914 he graduated and served in the Semenov Janissary Guard. After the outbreak of World War I, Tukhachevsky went to the front with his troops, was captured by the Germans on February 19, 1915, and fled back to China in January 1917, returning to his original headquarters as a company commander. After the outbreak of the "October Revolution", Tukhachevsky was introduced to join the Soviet Red Army and became the first former Tsarist Russian officer to join the Soviet Union.
Now 29-year-old Tukhachevsky is the commander of the Western Front of the Soviet Red Army. Pilsudski's opponents. In contrast to the latter, his life, although once very brilliant, showed us how a group of Bolsheviks cruelly treated their comrades for the sake of power.
This is the famous Tukhachevsky case, and it was this brutal purge that led to the murder of the young general, known as the "Red Napoleon", and indirectly led to the crushing defeat of the future Soviet Union at the beginning of World War II.
After Kirov's assassination on December 1, 1934, Stalin miscalculated the state of the class struggle in the Soviet Union, believing that the struggle was becoming increasingly fierce and that the hidden enemy was gathering together to try to fight to the death by extreme means, and thus launched a large-scale nationwide campaign to "expose and eradicate the enemies of the people".
In order to weaken the military power of the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany took the opportunity to forge a top-secret "special document" in the second half of 1936, which included a correspondence between Tukhachevsky and senior German leaders, framing Tukhachevsky, deputy chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Union, deputy People's Commissar of Defense, and Marshal of the Soviet Army, as a German spy who was plotting to seize Soviet power. Then he deliberately created a case of theft of a top-secret "special file" so that this false information fell into the hands of Stalin.
Stalin and the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs believed this material, and in 1937 **** arrested 8 high-ranking generals including Tukhachevsky, Yakir, Ubolevich, Feldman, Kolk, Edman, Primakov, and Shantner and handed them over to the military council for trial. After a short secret trial by a military court, the defendant was executed on the 11th for "treason".
Subsequently, a purge was carried out among all the officers of the Red Army, a large number of officers associated with Tukhachevsky and others were arrested or executed, and they were accompanied by 13 of the 15 army commanders, 57 of the 85 army commanders, 11o of the 195 division commanders, 4o of the 6 brigade commanders, and 30,000 officers below the colonel level.
Khachevsky's words before his death: "Tell Stalin that it is not me who is the scourge of Russia, but him!" ”
The command of the Soviet Red Army was thus greatly weakened, and finally the most tragic battle of the Second World War was written in Kiev by a new group of officers loyal to "someone".
After the Second World War, the materials that were disclosed proved that the case of Tukhachevsky and others for the so-called "treason" was an unjust case. After 1956, the Soviet Union restored the honour of the victims of the case.
It seems to be a field by Adolf. The farce of unjust convictions directed by Hitler is, in fact, nothing more than the dictatorship's consistent practice of "the cunning rabbit dies, and the lackeys cook".
In the history of the "Celestial Empire", there were many such things. After the feudal emperors of the past dynasties such as the Song and Ming dynasties completed the founding of the country, they wantonly slaughtered the heroes, and there are countless examples in modern times. Therefore, the theory of "being deceived" is nothing more than a "fig leaf" found for the brutal intra-party struggle of the Bolsheviks in the Soviet Union.
He was nothing more than a powerful figure in the army who had to be cut down after Trotsky had been defeated. It is easy to conclude that if these men of great prestige in the army are not defeated, is one-man dictatorship an easy thing to do? Therefore, the defeat of powerful figures with a certain prestige in the military is the only prerequisite for obtaining dictatorship within the party and at home.
However, history has also proved how stupid and extremely selfish this is to be completely irresponsible for the future of the country and the nation. If the root cause of these incidents is investigated, it is all because there is no social supervision at all, citizens have no right to know at all, and there is absolutely no rule to follow in the struggle within the party. And the use of this method can probably be attributed to the yearning for "dictatorship".
Here, one can't help but ask, can dictatorship really make the country exhibit? Can a dictatorship really keep a country strong? If none of this is possible, then I can't help but ask more here. How did those who say that "democracy is not fundamentally linked to prosperity" come to this conclusion? If we answer the question of why countries and nations under the rule of dictators in history have fallen into a miserable situation.
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Joseph. The different political groups to which Pilsudski and Tukhachevsky belonged, as well as the experiences of the countries behind them, make it easy for us to see the truth expressed by such a history.
After the death of the former, Poland, which had ruled for many years under his dictatorship, was finally divided between Hitler and the Soviet Union, and the entire Second World War became a tragic "land of slaughter". The Soviets slaughtered thousands of captured Polish officers in the Katyn Forest.
After the Nazis occupied Poland, in order to exterminate Poland and the Jewish nation, they took absolute measures against the Poles, some of them were driven into the Russian occupation areas, or sent to Germany to do hard labor, or sent to concentration camps or death camps, counting the number of Jews and Poles killed in the occupied areas, there were 6oo Jews and 25o people in Poland, of which the social elite and intellectuals were all killed, and more than 3ooo Catholic priests and monks were killed.
The latter, as a military commander, died as a military commander, but the Soviet Union lost a large number of troops, equipment, and land in the early stage of the war. It can be said that the hands of Stalin and his henchmen, who slaughtered this marshal, were not only stained with the blood of these outstanding soldiers, but also indirectly stained with the blood of more than 100,000 civilians who died in the Soviet Union in World War II.
So now, before all these tragic things are born, will history take a major turn? All of this is probably decided in front of us, in the big war that is about to begin.
Under Warsaw, the capital of Poland, the most tragic and heroic battle of the end of the First World War was about to begin. On one side were the defensive operations of up to 350,000 regular troops stationed in fortified cities, as well as a militia composed of a considerable number of civilians.
On the other side was the Soviet Red Army, which was equipped with a large number of tanks, armored vehicles, artillery, and a strong force of up to 8o men. They managed to defeat the rebellion in Russia and repel the Polish army, which drove them back to the capital.
In the units of the Soviet Red Army, which was about to attack, there was such a small commander, his name was Georgy. Konstantinovich. Zhukov. Zhukov, who had been a cavalry commander, was at this time the commander of the heavy tank regiment of the 1st Cavalry Army. As the main force of the offensive, he and his comrades-in-arms were probably the first Soviet Red Army to storm the city of Warsaw.
As the time of the war approached by second, Zhukov, as a regimental commander, observed Warsaw, the capital of Poland, in the vast night in the distance, through a periscope.
Like the young commanders of the Red Army at this time, his young heart began to beat in a hurry before the battle, and an uncontrollable excitement made his pupils radiate a cold glow, and he was waiting for the opening of the cannon fire to sound out.