The news of the fall of Yongping reached the Beijing division on the sixth day of the first month, as Yang Ming was relayed in the submission of Zhao Zhixian in Shunyi, Yongping general Yang Chun was recruited by Huang Taiji to surrender, and in the early morning of the fourth day of the first month, Yang Chun secretly received the Jin army into the city, and was detected by Zheng Guochang, the deputy envoy of the military garrison, Zheng Guochang urgently ordered the students to hammer Yang Chun to death.

Zheng Guochang, known as Tianfu, a native of Pizhou, Shaanxi, a Jinshi in the 35th year of Wanli, once participated in the politics of Shanxi, and in the first year of Chongzhen, he governed the army Yongping as an envoy. After killing the rebel general Yang Chun, Zheng Guochang led his troops to desperately resist the attack of the Houjin army, but it was too late, and soon, the north tower caught fire and the city was broken. Zheng Guochang rode his horse and risked the arrows and stones, and the battle did not stop, and his subordinates saw that the matter was useless, and persuaded him to flee, Zheng Guochang urged him, returned to the office and dressed neatly to the west and bowed again: "The ministers are exhausted, and the ministers' sins cannot be redeemed." "When he saw his wife and children hanged behind closed doors, he calmly committed suicide and ordered his subordinates to set fire to them.

When Yongping City was broken, Zhang Fengqi, the magistrate of the county, did everything he could, distributed it to his subordinates and subordinates, and after dismissing everyone, he died of swallowing medicine, and his wife and children also hanged themselves behind closed the door.

Cheng Yingqi, who was the capital of the Chinese army under Yongping Dao at that time, was a native of Shanyin County, and was known in history as "Shen Yi Yingfa and Adaptable Talent". When the Qing army entered the city, Cheng Yingqi led the crowd to fight in the streets until he was exhausted, and finally pulled out his knife to kill himself, but he failed to cut his neck. Everyone couldn't bear it, and they knelt down and wept to comfort, Cheng Yingqi erected his hair and cracked his eyes, and tried his best to kill himself again.

Fighting side by side with Cheng Yingqi to the last moment was also Lu Longwei's Jiao Qingyan, who was once a general of Juyong, who happened to be idle at home when Yongping fell, and resolutely landed in the city with a weapon, fighting to the end with a spear in hand. History called it "honest and honest, and honest officials". When he was the deputy commander-in-chief of Santun, he bought his own land and farmed to serve his mother, and he was called "General Lianxiao". Zhang Chun, the soldier of the Dao, once praised him and said: "If the military general is Qingyan, why not worry about the soldiers!" After Jiao Qingyan's death, the bones did not exist, and his wife Han wanted to die together, but his family persuaded him to stop it. Later, Han moved out of the city, lived alone in the villa, and died after more than 20 years of observance, and was finally buried with her husband's wooden tablet.

Han Yuandong, a Lulong man who defended his hometown and fought unyieldingly, opened the word, "poetry and writing have a strange atmosphere", and tasted generous and sad songs for all lives, and the ancient people of Mugu sacrificed their lives for the righteousness of the country. When the Jin soldiers entered the city, they defended the dangerous city, knowing that they could not support it, so they put the "Theory of Loyalty to the Country" in their arms and went to fight and died. The military room in the city guard Yingxiang, called Taihuan, is also a native of Yongping. When the Qing army attacked the city, it was stationed in the east of the city, and led the troops to block the bloody battle, and died with arrows and stones. Lu Mingyun, a mountain and sea guard, was killed in battle in the middle of the Yangwu camp. Yang Tingdong, a hundred households in the mountains and seas, a thousand generals of the Yangwu battalion, fought to the death.

Lu Long taught Zhao Yunzhi, a native of Liaoyang, when the city was broken, he died with his wife Qin and his daughter. History says that he "has a good character, is diligent in training, and his inducement and enlightenment must be based on loyalty and filial piety." Tang Zhijing, a native of Shanyin County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang, was born in the first year of Chongzhen, and went to Yongping to serve as a martial arts officer. After the battle was hopeless, he ordered his family to self-immolate, and instructed the left and right: "After I die, I will also burn my corpse." After speaking, change your clothes to the west, and then bow to yourself. Push the official Luo Chenggong (or Zuo Yu success), a high-ranking person, lift people, but also generous, and regard death as home.

In the Yongping Defense Battle, there were also Zhang Guohan, the commander of Dongshengwei, Liao Ruqin, the Zhongshu Sheren, Zhao Guozhong, the garrison, Niu Xingyao, Qiu Yaoguang, the thousand general managers of the Zhongwu Battalion, and Bu Xiaofeng, Liang Zhuangwei, Hu Chengzuo, Zhang Xuemin, and Shi Kewan. Born Feng Jijing and his brothers Feng Lianjing, Zhou Zuoxin, Luo Shijie and four brothers, Hu Denglong and his son Hu Guangkui, Tian Chong, Wang Zifu, Yuan nephew, Tu Jun, Li Guangchun, Ding Yinglian, Li Wencan, Hu Qihong, Liu Keting. Wusheng Zhang Hongluan, medical officer Lu Cheng, county citizens Li Yingyang, Zhang Jun, Guo Chongguang, Zhang Zongren, Zhang Li, Li Dajing, Zhang Shangyi, Fu Shouwang and others.

Of course, there is no shortage of people who welcome the surrender of the flesh. When Yongping City was broken, the abolished general Meng Qiaofang, the household member Wailang Chen Jixin, the same knowledge Zhang Wanshou, and the Zhusheng Song Yingyuan took the lead in surrendering. Buzheng Bai Yangcui, Lu Longzhi County Zhang Yangchu, pedestrian Cui Jidi, Langzhong Jia Weikey, Gongshi Yang Yi and others all surrendered.

In the left door behind the platform in the center of the Jianji Palace, the ministers stood solemnly, and the atmosphere was solemn. The Emperor of Chongzhen summoned the ministers Han Yi, Li Biao, Cheng Jiming, Sun Chengzong, He Ruzhong, Qian Xiangkun, Zhou Tingru, Wang Yongguang, the secretary of the Ministry of Officials, Bi Ziyan, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites, Li Tengfang, the secretary of the Ministry of War, Liang Tingdong, the secretary of the Criminal Department, Han Jisi, the secretary of the Ministry of Industry, Nan Juyi, and others to discuss the military plan.

"Yongping is lost, Qian'an, Luanzhou, Linyu, Changli, Funing, Leting are all in danger, what is the strategy for public chat?" Chongzhen Tianzi, who was sitting in the center of the imperial case, had a cold voice with exhaustion, since the more than two months since Houjin was invaded, he had eaten and dressed at night, worked day and night, and his physical exhaustion had reached the limit.

There was silence in the hall for a while, and everyone's eyes looked at Han Yi, the first assistant, and Li Biao, the second assistant, who stood at the head of the ministers. At this time, the trend of Han Yi's resignation was already obvious, and he himself had already resigned from his illness, but since the emperor asked questions about such a military event, as the first assistant who was still in office, Han Yi could not pretend to be deaf and dumb.

After thinking about it again and again, Han Yi was about to open his mouth to answer, but he saw the second assistant Li Biao standing next to him and replied: "Your Majesty, since the defeat in the battle outside the Yongding Gate last month, there are no less than 100,000 soldiers from all over Gyeonggi, all of whom have shrunk into the city and dare not fight. In his opinion, it is urgent to organize the army to fight in order to grasp the initiative and not be trapped and waiting for the attack. ”

Once Han Yi resigns, the position of the first assistant is Li Biao. It was Chongzhen who asked the question, and Han Yi couldn't answer for a while, so Li Biao stood up and took the lead to show his posture.

Chongzhen bowed slightly, after the defeat of Mangman Gui and Shen Fu, the Ming army was afraid of the Jin army like a tiger, and did not dare to fight in the city. If there is no field force that can confront the Houjin army head-on, blindly trapped in the city and passively beaten, wouldn't it be that the Houjin army can stay in the territory for as long as it wants, and fight wherever it wants?

Li Qing said this very well. It's just that the troops everywhere are focused on defending the city, and the defense is still insufficient, so who can lead the army to fight? Chongzhen inspected the ministers standing on both sides for a week, and his eyes fell on Liu Zhilun, the right attendant of the military department.

This Liu Zhilun was originally a Hanlin imperial history, a native of Shaxi, Yibin, Sichuan, and in his early years, when he was born, it was the "Extravagant Rebellion" in the first year of the Apocalypse. Sichuan Yongning (now Xuyong) Xuanfu Si Hao Chongming and Guizhou Shuixi (now Dafang area) Xuanfu Si An's uncle An Bangyan launched a rebellion, in the face of the rebels to attack the city, Liu Zhilun ascended the city and sounded the drums, led the villagers to defend, before and after five months, he learned and mastered some military knowledge in practice, and his combat strategy was quite praised by the Shu people.

In the first year of Chongzhen, Liu Zhilun was awarded the title of Jishi and entered the Hanlin Academy. During this period, he became acquainted with Jinshi Jin Sheng in the same year, and the two became friends of Mo Rebellion, and agreed to study the border military and serve the country. After the change of Chongzhen's second year, after the Jin army entered the fortress, Liu Zhilun and Jin Sheng recommended Shen Fu, a homeless man who claimed to have unique skills, to Chongzhen. After Chongzhen summoned Shen Fu, he immediately conferred the post of deputy chief soldier of the Beijing battalion, and at the same time awarded Jin Sheng the rank of imperial history to join the army, and awarded Liu Zhilun the right attendant of the Rong Political and Military Department.

After Mangui was defeated outside the Yongding Gate, Shen Fu was ordered to lead seven or eight thousand temporarily recruited men and horses out of the city to attack the Houjin army at night, and the soldiers were defeated and died, and thousands of people were stabbed. Therefore, the ministers of the DPRK and China have many accusations against Liu Zhilun and Jin Sheng, saying that they do not understand military affairs and are not recommended by people. Liu Zhilun was indignant, and repeatedly asked himself to bring troops out of the city to fight, first asking to bring the Beijing battalion soldiers to fight, but the court did not allow it, and then asked to bring the Sichuan soldiers outside the Guan, but they were not allowed. Liu Zhilun recruited thousands of soldiers and horses by himself, collected thousands of miscellaneous Qinwang army, and cobbled together 120,000 people, clothing, weapons, grain, grass and horses were not equipped for a while, Liu Zhilun asked Chongzhen for support, Chongzhen reluctantly allocated half of the military expenses to him, and the rest of the expenses were solved by Liu Zhilun borrowing money everywhere.

"The minister is willing to lead the army to battle!" Liu Zhilun stepped forward from the ministers and said to Chongzhen, "The ministers have recruited more than 10,000 soldiers, although they are grass-roots, but the soldiers are united in their hearts and hatred of the enemy, and they are willing to serve Your Majesty to the death and kill the captives!" ”

Liu Zhilun is really not bragging. In history, he led the army to battle, although the record was not large, but in the face of the strong Houjin army, his soldiers did not surrender or retreat, did not disperse or collapse, and the Houjin army carried to the end, Liu Zhilun himself also died in battle, fulfilling his promise to serve the country loyally.

"The minister went out of the city to fight this time, did not destroy the captive army, and swore not to return to the gate of the Beijing Division!" Liu Zhilun is ready to fight for his life, and he has no intention of coming back.

"It's just that the soldiers are just recruited, and the training equipment is insufficient, please Your Majesty allocate 1,000 soldiers from the Beijing battalion to be sharp, and go out with the soldiers to fight, so as to reap the effect of killing prisoners."

Liu Zhilun means that it is okay for his soldiers to fight to the death with the Houjin army, but if it really has the effect of killing the enemy, it still needs the participation of regular field forces.

Seeing Liu Zhilun's impassioned words, Chongzhen nodded slightly to show his approval. It's just that he transferred the troops of the Beijing camp to fight with him, and he couldn't make up his mind for a while.

"Your Majesty, the soldiers of the Beijing camp should not be moved lightly." Liang Tingdong, the secretary of the Ministry of War, hurriedly came out and played: "Nowadays, the captives are retreating, and there are captive soldiers and sentinels everywhere in Gyeonggi who covet them. ”

His words were not unreasonable. Huang Taiji led his army around outside Beijing, and he went and came back more than once. On the 29th of last month, the Jin army again approached Beijing, attacked Guangqumen, and also used artillery. If it weren't for Yang Minglei's retreat from the enemy, once the Houjin soldiers landed in the city, I am afraid that they would have to engage in hand-to-hand street fighting. It is true that the army of the capital camp cannot be transferred out of the city lightly.

Emperor Chongzhen was hesitating between the dilemma, and Sun Chengzong, who was old and serious, coughed, walked out of the queue of ministers, and bowed down and said:

"Your Majesty, the old minister thinks that the matter of going to war can be delayed in a hurry."

"If it slows, thousands of white pole soldiers led by Qin Liangyu, the chief soldier of Sichuan Shizhu, are rushing to King Qin, but after the arrival of the white pole army, they will fight with the armies of the Beijing division......"

Hearing that Sun Chengzong mentioned the name of Qin Liangyu, Chongzhen's face not only moved, but the ministers in the palace also whispered to each other.

This Qin Liangyu is a strange woman in the late Ming Dynasty. She was born in the twelfth year of Wanli (1584), and married at the age of eleven in the twenty-third year of Wanli (1595) to the family of Ma Qiancheng. By modern standards, it seems impossible to marry at the age of eleven. However, in the Ming Dynasty, it was common for underage girls to be raised by their husbands, and when they grew up, they got married.

Qin Liangyu's birth year, according to the "Qianlong Shiqi Hall Chronicle", there are two theories, one is that Qin Liangyu was 75 years old when he died, and the other was 65 years old, and the corresponding birth years are 1574 and 1584. Some domestic historians have adopted the claim that Qin Liangyu died at the age of 75, that is, Qin Liangyu was born in 1574, but this is probably wrong.

In the forty-eighth year of Wanli, the Korean envoy Huang Zhongyun happened to meet Qin Liangyu and others in Tongzhou, and Huang Zhongyun had a more detailed description of Qin Liangyu's appearance and outfit in the "Western Expedition Journal":

It was a day trip to Caozhuang and met the Mamen Qin family. The body is very fat, and the scarf, boots, and robe belt are all attached to the man. Able to write and ink, familiar with the book of soldiers. Immediately use eighty pounds of double swords, and the year can be thirty-five or sixteen. Blowing horns, playing drums, and riding a sedan chair are quite magnificent. The man surnamed Yun is dead, and his son is sixteen years old, and his mother and sister and brother lead the teams. There are more than 40 female soldiers, wearing battle hats, uniforms, black boots and red clothes, galloping across horses, no less than a strong man. All the equipment of the battle array is transported by car. At the beginning, he recruited 7,000 elite soldiers from Sichuan to conquer the Liao thieves, covering his self-exertion, and it was not the order of the imperial court.

Although another Korean envoy, Li Tinggui, did not see Qin Liangyu with his own eyes, he also heard some news about Qin Liangyu's mother and son from the Ming Dynasty officials, and it was also recorded in the "Gengshen Yan Xinglu":

The female general of Sichuan, Xuanfu envoy, took charge of the seal, and the female official Qin Shangben recruited 3,000 soldiers to go to Liao to fight the thieves. The Ministry of War rewarded his brother Qin Mingyun and his son Ma Xianglin and gave special attention to persuade Zhong Yongyun. Wen Qin's family can make five hundred catties of big knives, and his son Xianglin is sixteen years old.

Among them, Huang Zhongyun's "thirty-five or six years old" is very important news, after all, Huang Zhongyun has seen Qin Liangyu with his own eyes, so he has great credibility. If Qin Liangyu was born in 1574, then he was about forty-five or sixteen years old at this time, which is not only contrary to Huang's record, but also unreasonable to give birth to his only son, Ma Xianglin, at the age of thirty-two. In addition, the Ming court is very strict with the management of the Tusi, and the file management of the Tusi personnel is very strict, and the book is made every three years. Since it was relayed from the mouth of the Ming court officials, the age of Ma Xianglin, who was the Shiyan Tusi Ying Sheren, should also be credible.

It is because Qin Liangyu's birth year should be 1584, that is, the twelfth year of Wanli, not 1574.

In the first year of the Apocalypse (1621), Nurhachi took advantage of the opportunity of Xiong Tingbi in Liaodong of the Ming Dynasty to resign from his post and the governor Yuan Yingtai's improper measures, so he attacked Shenyang in March of that year, Qin Liangyu and his brother Qin Minping, Qin Bangping led 4000 Sichuan white pole soldiers and 3000 Zhejiang Qijia army to aid Liao, under the leadership of the general soldier Tong Zhonghua and others, advanced to the Hunhe River, and wanted to flank the Houjin army with the Ming army in Shenyang City.

"History of the Ming Dynasty" records that Qin Liangyu's troops have gone through the battlefield, are invincible, and "control the severe", and the department is known as the white pole soldiers, "known as the fear of far and near". When Qin Liangyu sent his brother Qin Bangping to lead this strong army to Liao, this Sichuan army is strong and capable of fighting, equipped with the unique sharp sword and sharp bamboo spear of the ethnic minorities in eastern Sichuan, and wears an iron armor and a layer of thick cotton, knives and arrows are invulnerable. The army is strong and high-spirited.

The city of Shenyang was broken by the rear attack in just one day. After hearing the news of the destruction of the city, the commander Chen Ce ordered a retreat. The generals of the Sichuan army said excitedly: "My generation can't save Shen, what are you doing in the past three years!" So, so the Ming soldiers were divided into two battalions, Zhou Dunji and the deputy commander-in-chief Sichuan Shizhu Du Si Shu Qin Bangping crossed the Hunhe River first and set up camp in the north of the bridge; Tong Zhonghua, Chen Ce, deputy general Qi Jin, and general Zhang Mingshi commanded 3,000 Zhejiang soldiers to set up camp in the south of the bridge. The 7,000 Ming army and the more than 10,000 Houjin army launched a bloody battle on the edge of the Hunhe River.

Nurhachi commanded the Eight Banners to charge and attack the Ming army, and he was invincible. Although the number of white pole soldiers is less than the Eight Banners, they are not afraid of death, the organization is strict, and the use of strange weapons with long blades and iron rings under the bottom, which is different from the Ming Army in peacetime, so that the Eight Banners Army is extremely unaccustomed, and the elite Red Bajiala Army at the head was defeated after a vicious battle, and immediately retreated, and the Eight Banners Army was shocked!

The cavalry was defeated, and Nurhachi was anxious to "help the rear army" ("Qing Taizu Records" volume 7), and the Sichuan soldiers were not afraid of life and death. According to the records of "Quanbian Brief Notes" and "Records of Hearing and Seeing in the Mountains", the white pole soldiers continuously repelled the strong infantry and cavalry attacks of the Eight Banners, and the Eight Banners strong brigade carrying the victory of capturing Shenyang was actually "thousands of people who died from guns and crossbows" under the resistance of the Sichuan infantry, and the follow-up cavalry was also beaten to the point that "they fell off their horses one after another", and the leaders of the Later Jin Army, Xi Foxian, Zuo Ling, and Ge Lang were also killed.

Nurhachi had no way to deal with the white pole soldiers, and the cold weapons could not be defeated, so he thought of the hot weapons. Li Yongfang, his son-in-law and the Ming general of Jin after surrender, found the captured Ming gunners, personally untied them, rewarded them with thousands of gold, and called in artillery to attack the Sichuan army. The spear formation of the white pole soldiers was torn apart in front of the artillery, and the blood and flesh flew in the position, and after a fierce battle, all the Sichuan troops were killed. Zhou Dunji, Qin Bangping, General Wu Wenjie, and garrison Lei Anmin all died in battle. Zhou Shilu escaped from the northwest, Deng Qilong and Yuan Jianlong seized the bridge and ran westward, led the remnants of the army into the Zhejiang camp, and continued to insist on fighting.

The 3,000 Qi soldiers from Zhejiang were deployed five miles away from the Hunhe River, lined up chariots and guns, dug trenches and set up camps, used straw as a fence, and covered the outside with mud. Later, the Jin soldiers eliminated the Jiangbei Sichuan soldiers and quickly crossed the river to surround the Zhejiang soldiers for several turns. Nurhachi deeply felt the strength of the Sichuan soldiers, and repeatedly warned the Eight Banners soldiers who had just won a crushing victory "Don't underestimate the enemy", and deliberately emphasized that "Zhongqi's generals are all Sichuan soldiers" to warn his subordinates.

General soldiers of the Ming Dynasty Chen Ce, Tong Zhonghua, Zhang Mingshi, Qi Jin and other generals calmly responded to the battle, actively arranged the formation, and swore that the Jin soldiers would fight to the death. The Ming army fired with firearms, killing and wounding each other. When the gunpowder ran out, the two armies began to engage in hand-to-hand combat. The battle was extremely fierce, and the two sides fought until nightfall, and for a time the victory was not scored. However, Houjin reinforcements joined, the Ming army's Zhejiang battalion was defeated, and Chen Ce was killed in battle. Later, the Jin soldiers were all sent out, and Tong Zhonghua and Qi Jin, Zhang Mingshi, and Yuan Jianlong, Deng Qilong, etc., were killed in battle. Later Jin lost Yabahai, Buha, Sun Zaqin, Bayan, Yamburi, Siltai, Langge, Dunbudah, Mubu, Luwangge and other generals.

Later, Wei Yuan, a Qing man, also lamented that he was: "It was a battle, and I had more than 10,000 people in the Ming Dynasty, although I was overturned, it was the first bloody battle since Liaozuo used troops." ”

The Ming Dynasty's "Ming Xi Zonglu" called it "dignified and vigorous" and "salty and strong". In particular, the heroic performance of the Tusi soldiers sent by Qin Liangyu in eastern Sichuan in the face of several times stronger enemies is extremely admirable. Later, Zhang Heming, the secretary of the Ministry of War, once commented on this battle: "The bloody battle of the Hunhe River, the first merit is thousands, and the real stone pillar and Youyang two Tusi merit." Most of the other Ming troops were also brave and strong, and there were very few people who were despised, greedy for life and afraid of death.

This earth-shattering battle also aroused great attention from the Koreans at that time, and Zheng Zhongxin, who was then the envoy of Manpu, reported to Li Chao: "The captives said that the good defense of the city is as good as the Qinghe, and the field battle is as strong as the Black Mountain (i.e., the Hunhe). "Li Chaoshi Record: Guanghaijun's Diary" also praised: "The death and injury of the captives are also quite equal, and the captives are still terrified." ”

According to Hou Jin's own history books, the Eight Banners Department was indeed hit extremely hard and suffered heavy casualties. In particular, the Red Armor Army, the White Flag Army, and even Nurhachi's most elite Yellow Flag Army were defeated in front of the strong Sichuan Army. Many generals of the Eight Banners Army were even captured alive by the Ming army in a fierce battle.

In order to stabilize the morale of the army and pray for the many dead in this battle, Nurhachi also held a special meeting to commemorate the dead on the 16th. According to the records of the Taizu Volume 19 of the "Manchu Old Files", Nurhachi was extremely resentful of the defeat of the Eight Banners infantry on the north bank of the Hunhe River at the Tusi soldiers in eastern Sichuan, and pursued it, and dismissed the general Baiyin Dali and the guerrilla Ilanga. The main crime was to "lose without a fight" when encountering the Sichuan soldiers, and criticize Yasong for "leading my victorious army, looking at the wind and leaving, so as to lose his sharpness" ("Records of Emperor Taizuwu of the Qing Dynasty", vol. 3)

Qin Liangyu's father, Qin Kui, was a tribute student of the Ming Dynasty, she received a good Confucian education since she was a child, and her brother Qin Bangping and his younger brother Qin Minping read classics together and learned to ride and shoot together. Compared with his brothers, Qin Liangyu is outstanding, Wen Han is romantic, and his sword is charming, his father Qin Kui sighed abruptly: "It's a pity that you are a woman, otherwise, you will definitely be able to win the championship in the future." Qin Liangyu said generously: "If her daughter is in charge of the army, she should not lose to Princess Pingyang (the daughter of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan) and Mrs. Xian (the leader of the ethnic minorities in the south of Sui Mingling)." ”

In May of the twenty-seventh year of Wanli (1599), Tusi Yang Yinglong launched a rebellion in Banzhou, burning and looting in the Yunnan-Guizhou region. At the end of the 27th year of Wanli (1599), Li Hualong was appointed as the governor of Sichuan, the governor of Sichuan, Guizhou and Huguang, and the military affairs of Yang Yinglong.

Qin Liangyu's husband Shizhu Tusima Qiancheng was the Fubo general Ma Yuan of the Han Dynasty's "Horse Leather Shroud", and as a local Tusi, Ma Qiancheng joined the expedition with 3,000 Shizhu soldiers and followed Li Hualong to defeat the rebels. Qin Liangyu commanded 500 soldiers, prepared his own army food and horses, and together with his deputy general Zhou Guozhu, he defended the dangerous place in Dengkan (now Fenggang, Guizhou), and killed the thieves with bows and swords. Li Hualong was greatly amazed by this, and ordered someone to create a silver medal for the sixteen-year-old Qin girl, engraved with the four big words "husband of the female middle school" to show recognition.

In the forty-first year of Wanli (1613), Qin Liangyu's husband Ma Qiancheng was arrested and imprisoned for offending Qiu Chengyun, a tax eunuch sent by Emperor Wanli, and tortured to death. Twenty-eight-year-old Qin Liangyu suddenly became an orphan and widow, she took over Ma Qiancheng's position as the stone pillar toast and continued to serve the imperial court.

After the Battle of the Hunhe River, Qin Liangyu personally led 3,000 white pole soldiers to garrison Shanhaiguan, and the Emperor of the Apocalypse issued an edict to reward Qin Liangyu with a second-grade official uniform, and was named the Lady of the Command, and awarded Qin Liangyu's son Ma Xianglin as the commander.

Later, Yongning Tusi extravagant Chongming rebelled, and Qin Liangyu and his brother Qin Minping returned to their hometown to quell the rebellion. In the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), luxury Chongming besieged Chengdu, and Qin Liangyu was ordered by Zhu Xieyuan, the governor of Sichuan, to go to the expedition, and drove straight into Chengdu to relieve the siege of Chengdu. After the defeat of Hao Chongming, Qin Liangyu led Qin Minping to conquer Erlang Pass and Fotu Pass and recover Chongqing. The imperial court then appointed Qin Liangyu as the governor and chief military officer, Ma Xianglin as the consolation envoy, and Qin Minping as the deputy chief soldier. After that, Qin Liangyu recovered the important strongholds of the rebels such as Hongyadun, Guanyin Temple, and Qingshan Dun, and committed suicide in defeat.

In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), Zhang Xianzhong made a rebellion in Sichuan and captured Kuizhou, Qin Liangyu led the army to arrive, and Zhang Xianzhong left without a fight. Liangyu chased after him, and Ma Xianglin attacked back and forth, forcing Zhang Xianzhong to retreat to Huguang, and then Zhang Xianzhong was recruited by the imperial court.

In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), Zhang Xianzhong and Luo Rucai rebelled again, Luo Rucai led his troops to attack Kuizhou, and Qin Liangyu's white pole soldiers seized his handsome banner and were defeated.

Zhang Xianzhong slaughtered Sichuan, but only did not dare to invade the stone pillar guarded by Qin Liangyu, and the small stone pillar also took in and protected hundreds of thousands of refugees who took refuge from outside.

After the Jiashen Revolution, the Qing army captured Beijing and invaded the south. At that time, Qin Liangyu was 63 years old, and she resolutely accepted the title of Prince Taibao, the title of Loyal Marquis, and the official seal of "Prince Taibao General Town Defense" from the Longwu regime, and continued to hold high the banner of supporting the Ming Dynasty to resist the Qing Dynasty, preparing to go to Fujian to fight against the Qing Dynasty. However, due to Zheng Zhilong's rebellion, Emperor Longwu was captured and failed to make the trip. In the second year of Yongli (1648), the Yongli Emperor in the southwest sent someone to crown Qin Liangyu's crown prince and concubine, and awarded the "Sichuan Recruitment Envoy", Qin Liangyu, who was 65 years old at the time, inspected the white pole army and prepared to go to the army, but fell to the ground due to illness on the horseback of the parade and died a few days later.

In China's thousands of years of history, the only one in the official history who is listed as a woman is Qin Liangyu!

Sun Chengzong waited for the whispering voices of the ministers in the hall to fade away, and said slowly:

"In addition, it is still possible to wait for the Guan Ning army of Zu Dashou to enter the customs again, and fight against the army of King Qin of the Beijing Division......

As soon as these words came out, everyone's faces couldn't help but froze.

On the first day of December in the second year of Chongzhen, Chongzhen arrested Yuan Chonghuan and sent him to prison, and on the fourth day of December, Zu Dashou led 15,000 Guanning troops to flee the battlefield. Sun Chengzong hurriedly sent Du Si Jia Dengke with his own handwritten letter to comfort the great birthday, and ordered the guerrilla Shizhu State to gallop to pacify the army. When Jia Dengke caught up with Zu Dashou, Zu Dashou's army had not yet left the Shanhaiguan, and he complained to Jia Dengke and continued to lead the army to flee. After Shizhuguo caught up, Zu Dashou's soldiers faced each other with bows and knives, and after crying, they fled again. Later, Sun Chengzong went to Shanhaiguan in person on December 14, bringing Chongzhen's holy decree and Yuan Chonghuan's handwritten letter sent by the Ministry of War to appease Zu Dashou.

At this moment, Zu Dashou's Guanning army wants food and salary, and Fang is willing to enter the customs to fight again, and the situation that the Guanning army is too big to lose is already beginning to appear.

Sun Chengzong looked at Chongzhen, but saw that Chongzhen's face was heavy, he knew that the emperor was still dissatisfied with Zu Dashou's escape, so he no longer talked about Guan Ningjun.

"If the battle is urgent, according to the minister's opinion, the Shunyi soldiers can use ......" Sun Chengzong stroked his beard and said slowly.

(End of chapter)