Chapter 400: Ambition (1)
As for Gongsun Yue and Gong Shouqian and other people, King Xian did not kill any of them, and they were all kept in prison with good food and drink, and their families were all held in the palace as slaves.
In this regard, Bai Liyan can only understand that King Xian wants to use his own success to strangle Gongsun Yue's sense of accomplishment from the bottom of his heart, which is more painful than killing Gongsun Yue, which is a simple and pure psychological torture. In addition, after all, Gongsun Yue put him on the throne, and King Xian was still grateful, and this alone was enough to avoid death.
At the end of May, after revision, deliberation and revision, and repeated consultations with the public, the draft of the field system "Law on Granting Fields", which had replaced the "Grain Field Order" that had been implemented for more than 600 years, was officially submitted to King Xian.
For the first time, the new land system unified "field" and "land" into land, and divided the land into government land, commercial land, agricultural land, workshop land, etc., which can be used in the short term, and only agricultural land can be effective, that is, traditional cultivated land and fruit forests.
Considering the complex relationship between the interests of the old aristocracy and the relatives and the Xianwang, the Xintian system is most likely not to touch the cheese of vested interests, but to reorganize and split the existing interest space.
First of all, thanks to the ruthlessness of the Black Turban Army, all the nobles, families, relatives, relatives, and wealthy merchants west of the Yongxing River were almost wiped out, and the land area of Xianxi, Qiunan, and Dujun Xijun accounted for almost one-third of the Xianguo, so these three places can fully implement the Xintian system in the future.
To the east of the Yongxing River, the fields of the powerful are complex, and theoretically all the land in the territory of the Xian Kingdom belongs to the King of Xian, which is the most fundamental purpose of the "Grain Field Order", even if Gongsun Yue's "Nongsang Order" still follows the old system, and does not dare to touch the interests of the King of Xian, if the "Grain Field Order" is to be abolished, there must be an alternative system that can persuade all classes to compromise.
Therefore, the Xintian system is still nominally the sole owner of all the land in the country, and at the same time, the Xianwang represents the state and the government, which is a typical secret exchange, so the Xianwang must allocate enough land to ensure the basic livelihood of the people.
In addition, the people had the right to rent land from the King of Xian and other private landowners, and the land rent was subject to the official price.
In this way, the land is still Xianwang's, and the common people can enjoy two acres of "minimum guaranteed land" per person, and their children are not allowed to inherit or circulate, referred to as "low security land".
When the yield per mu of subsistence land is lower than the minimum line of 1.5 stones, no land tax will be levied, and when it is higher than 1.5 stones, the excess part will be levied a ladder tax, and the higher the harvest, the higher the land tax will be collected.
In order to ensure the basic needs of people's livelihood, the subsistence land is not allowed to be transferred or confiscated without authorization, and the lease is subject to strict review and restrictions.
The two acres of land per person, calculated based on the current yield of two stones per mu in Zhongtian, excluding the expenses of firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, tea, and other non-staple foods and daily necessities, can barely provide one person to make ends meet.
Of course, this is the result of Bailiyan's reasonable allocation calculation, if everyone can eat enough, where will there be any enthusiasm for labor, one by one has to become a white-eyed wolf who is full of warm thoughts and does not think about the battlefield to repay the country's kindness.
Therefore, if they want to have enough food and clothing, farmers can give priority to applying to the Xianwang and the government to rent land for farming, and the tax is still based on the tiered tax rate, and the tax is calculated according to the work, and those who work more get more, and those who have ploughing cattle and those who do not plough cattle are taxed in stages, so as to ensure fairness and reasonableness. In this way, farmers are encouraged to diversify their land and pay more taxes.
After careful calculations, after a few years, when the yield per mu reaches more than three stones, the subsistence land can basically meet the current minimum living needs, which is higher than the basic subsistence standard.
This means that after the popularization of the new farming method, the enthusiasm of some ordinary people to rent land from the state will begin to decline, and the annual rice income will tend to stabilize, which means that excluding the land divided due to population growth factors, the land nominally retained by the Xianwang will not continue to decrease, so the new land method is to some extent a uniform land system.
However, any policy has its drawbacks, and the Xintian Law will give individuals a permanent share of subsistence land, but the fragmentation of land and the massive increase in population will lead to the stripping of public land from state-owned assets and the low use of land caused by the individual smallholder economy, which will seriously weaken food security.
Therefore, the Xintian Law can only be used as an excessive law in the next 30 to 50 years, and there are still policy adjustments to be made in the future to adapt to the development of the times. This article was unmistakably written in the first chapter of the new law, focusing on the harm of the Juntian Law and population growth and the development of the commodity economy.
If the subsistence land is the core of the Xintian system, the land replacement of the powerful, as well as the rewards and punishments for military merit and the bereavement of the war dead are the precedents.
Most of the land of the powerful is fictitious, except for Guangxin Gong, the rest of the Xianguo, from the marquis to the doctor, should not have more than 100,000 acres of land at most, but those who encroach and occupy, it is obviously impossible to spit it out. If they want to spit it out forcibly, then they have to be offended, and this is not the result that King Xian wants to see when he pushes the new policy.
Therefore, they can only settle for the next best thing, let them report the number by themselves, and admit the account, but those who are later found to have concealed and failed to report not only exceed the reported part, but must also check all the amounts, and have to be fined, which can be regarded as an opportunity to confess and resist leniency and severity.
However, it turned out later that these powerful relatives were very slippery one by one, and the implementation of the new field system on their heads was extremely slow, and it was not possible for several years, and seven or eight out of ten of those who hid their acres of land in various names and methods did not report it.
As a last resort, a few years later, King Xian stepped forward to gradually recover the land in the hands of the magnates in kind and in cash, so that they became landless nobles.
In order to encourage farming and warfare, the new field system also set up a reward and pension system, but all those who have made meritorious service will be awarded "meritorious fields", and meritorious fields are exempted from all field taxes, self-produced and retained, and can be leased to the outside world, and the rental price is subject to the rent price of the government, but the property rights shall not be transferred out of the household, and the property rights shall be for a period of 40 years.
With the household registration as the unit, if there is no fault in principle, the property right shall be extended by itself during the period of ownership, so as to encourage maintenance. After the death of the person, the wife and children inherit the right to use during the direct property right period, and the spouse or the deceased, the spouse and the children can be renewed for 20 years, and the renewal is compulsorily withdrawn. If the spouse is under the age of 30 and has no children to remarry, the treatment will remain unchanged, and if the spouse is under the age of 30 and has children to remarry, it will automatically expire, so as to encourage the spouse of the war dead to remarry and have children.
Those who died in war, were severely disabled and lost their ability to work, the tax rate of the family's subsistence land was reduced by one grade, and those who did not meet the crown ceremony were exempt from tax and could be deducted for capital crimes, and they could redeem their lowly status at will.
On the issue of in-kind pensions for the war dead and severely disabled, Bai Liyan deliberately vaguely worded and rarely mentioned it.
The first is the cold weapon war, the casualty rate is too high, and in a decisive battle of the whole country, it is possible to kill 70,000 or 80,000 or even 100,000 people. Bai Liyan's previous private pension can only be regarded as a drop in the bucket, because almost no pension is available in the other armies, and there are some pensions in the pioneer battalion, which makes people feel more or less humane, because you tried your best.
According to the old system, the families of the war dead could not only be exempted from taxes and forced labor, but the bereavement would need to be equivalent to three years of land output, even if it was calculated at 30 stone milled rice, at least 4 million stone milled rice, hundreds of thousands of cotton cloths, and millions of copper coins would be needed to pay the compensation for the wounded and disabled of the Xian army.
Second, in the past few decades, the war dead in Xianguo have received very few bereavement benefits, either the treasury is empty, or the officials and magnates have reached out everywhere to be greedy for ink, and it is difficult to say how many of them have finally been distributed to the families of martyrs.
Last but not least, since May last year, the state treasury has been seriously in arrears of salaries, foreign debts, and even conscription of troops have been made on empty promises and credits, and the cumulative equivalent has reached more than 3 million stone of polished rice, which has not yet been repaid.
Once the new pension measures are announced, more than 100,000 people who have been injured or disabled in the past year and a half will have to be paid, whether these are the new regulations, if they are, they need to be cashed out immediately, and if they are cashed, the millions of stone grains and grass that they have finally bought will have to be turned into bereavement pensions and distributed, doesn't this touch the most sensitive nerves of King Xian.
Moreover, if you lose your trust in the future, the series of political consequences brought about by this will be very serious.
Therefore, on this issue, for the time being, I can only turn a blind eye and be a scoundrel. Of course, I still have to do what I can in private, but I can't go online for the time being.
As soon as the law was presented to the cabinet, it was unsurprisingly met with opposition. The first thing affected by the "Land Grant Law" was the sharp reduction of the poll tax and the taxable tax on land production, and without the support of Yongxing City, Xianguo would be completely bankrupt.
The first to oppose is Ding Yang Hou and Dasi Nong Mo Anzheng, Ding Yang Hou undoubtedly has the most hidden fields, followed by Guangxin Gong Jiang Min, and the other opponents have more or less hidden fields, less than a few hundred acres, more than tens of thousands of acres. For this reason, there was a heated debate for more than half a month, but the Xintian system could not be passed for a long time.
King Xian privately demanded that Bai Liyan make concessions, remove or suspend the part of the law that involves the interests of the powerful, and many other provisions should also be adjusted.
Compromise is not impossible, but the bottom line cannot be compromised. The suspension does not mean that it will not be implemented, and the Xintian Law temporarily pushes Yongxing City and Dujun, and Yongxing City has no power, so Yongxing City and the west of Yongxing River fully implement the Xintian system.
The eastern part of Yongxing City will not be implemented for the time being, but the premise is that after the recovery of the western county of the capital county and the two counties of Xianxi and Chunan, the land shall not be used for rewards, and the counties and counties shall not restrict the movement of population, especially the families of the dead and disabled, all of them will be forcibly relocated to the territory of Yongxing City.
So in the bargaining, the new field system was changed beyond recognition, and the king simply accepted the new measure of the common people to rent land to him to pay taxes, because this part of the tax, theoretically, is both the treasury and his private, the bottom line of the core part is preserved, and the other parts can only be implemented in a roundabout way in the future
The new field system was presented to the cabinet at the end of May, but the results were not until mid-July.
In July, the summer harvest and summer ploughing alternately reciprocated, the effect of the tuntian field was remarkable, the number of posts in the expanded baggage battalion reached 50,000, the centralized distribution and use of iron farm tools and ploughing cattle, the spring ploughing and land reclamation more than 1.2 million mu, the new farming method was adopted, and the yield per mu of summer harvest reached more than three stones, and more than three percent reached more than four stones.
More than 4 million stone of grain and grass were obtained, and more than 3 million stone of grain and grass obtained by Liang Jun Tuntian, and more than 7 million stone of grain and grass obtained by Xianguo only from the summer harvest of Tuntian, and the grain shortage was completely alleviated, and the state treasury was finally able to free up its hands to pay off the accumulated debts, feed livestock, drive laborers to help the victims, and restore the livelihood of the people.
The new farming method adopted in Tuntian has played an excellent role in demonstration and publicity, and all localities have successively popularized the new farming method and the fertilizer accumulation method, and by the autumn harvest, the income has increased by more than 30 percent of the eight or nine tenths, and there are not a few people who have even doubled the yield per mu.