Chapter 2 The Mean

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The predicate of the Mandate of Heaven is sexuality, the predicate of recklessness is the Tao, and the predicate of cultivation is teaching. Those who are in the Tao do not need to leave the Tao, but they can leave the Tao. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious of what he does not see, and fearful of what he does not hear. Don't see it, don't show it, so the gentleman is cautious. Joy, anger, sorrow and joy have not yet occurred, which is said to be in the middle; It is said to be the sum of the middle sections. Those who are in the middle are also the great capital of the world; Those who are harmonious are also the way of the world. To neutralize. Heaven is in the ascendancy, and all things are nurtured.

Zhong Ni said: "The gentleman is modest, and the villain is anti-modest." The gentleman is also the mean, and the gentleman is in the middle; The villain is mean, and the villain is unscrupulous. Zi said: "The mean! The people can live for a long time! Zi said: "The way is not good, I know it: those who know it can pass, and the fool does not reach it." The way is unknown, I know it: the sage is too much, and the unscrupulous are not as good. People don't eat and drink, and they rarely know the taste. Zi said: "The Tao is not good! Zi said: "Shun Qi Dazhi is also with!" Shun is good at asking and observing, hiding evil and promoting good, holding on to both ends, using it for the people, and thinking that Shunhu! Zi said: "Everyone says, ''Knowledge'', drive into the traps of the prickly mantis, and Mo Zhi knows it." Everyone says "to know", choose the mean, and not to keep the month. Zi said: "Returning to be a person, choosing the mean, and getting a good will be subdued and lost." Zi said: "The world and the country can be equal, the lord can resign, the white blade can be followed, and the meanness is impossible." Zilu asked Qiang. Zi said: "How strong is the south? How strong is the North? Or is it stronger? Gentle to teach, no retribution, the south is strong, and the gentleman lives in it. The golden leather is not tired of dying, the north is strong, and the strong live in it. Therefore, the gentleman is harmonious but not flowing, and it is strong! Neutral and unleaning, strong and correct! The country has a way, it is not blocked, and it is strong! There is no way in the country, it will not change until death, and it will be strong! Zi said: "Su Yin is a monster, and there will be a description in later generations, and I will do it." The gentleman follows the way, and gives up halfway, and I can do it. The gentleman follows the mean, and he does not regret it when he does not know it, but only the saint can. The way of a gentleman is hidden. The foolishness of husband and wife can be with knowledge; And even as well, although the saints also do not know. If a husband and wife are not good, they can do it; And even so, although the saints also have something to do. Heaven and earth are so big, people still regret it. Therefore, the gentleman speaks big, and the world can't carry it; If the language is small, the world can not break it. "Poem" cloud: "The kite flies in the sky, and the fish jumps in the abyss. ''Say it's up and down. The way of a gentleman is to create a husband and wife; and to the end, to see the heavens and the earth. Zi said: "The road is not far away." People are far away from the Tao, not the Tao. "Poetry" cloud: "Vakovake, it is not far away. ''Hold Ke to Vake, look at it, and think it is far away. Therefore, the gentleman rules people with people, and stops at changing. Loyalty and forgiveness are not far from the way, and do unto oneself and do not do unto others. Fourth, the way of a gentleman, Qiu failed to do so: what he asked for was the son, and the father was not able to do so; What is sought is the minister, and the king is not able to do it; What he asks for is his brother, and he can't do it; What you ask for is a friend, give it first, fail to also, be virtuous, be cautious; If there is a deficiency, do not dare to be reluctant, and dare not exhaust if there is more; Words and deeds, deeds and deeds, gentlemen are not foolish! The gentleman walks in his position, and does not want to care about anything else. Rich and noble, noble and noble; Poor and lowly, poor and lowly; Su Yidi, line Yidi; Hardship, hardship: a gentleman is not satisfied without entering. If you don't go down to the top, you don't help in the lower position, and you don't want to ask for others, then you have no complaints. The top does not complain about the sky, and the bottom does not complain about people. Therefore, the gentleman is easy to live, and the villain is lucky to take risks. Zi said: "Shoot a gentleman; If you lose your right, you will seek it. The way of a gentleman is to go far and wide, and to be inferior if you climb high. "Poetry" says: "The wife is well together, like a drum and a harp." Brothers are both harmonious, happy and delayed. Yier's house, Leer's wife. The son said: "Parents are obedient! Zi said: "The ghosts and gods are virtuous, and they are prosperous!" See it and see it, listen to it and hear it, and leave it behind. So that the people of the world are dressed in full clothes, so as to bear the sacrifice, as on it, as on its left and right. "Poetry" says: "God's Gesi, unthinkable! Think about it! ''The husband is subtle, and the sincerity cannot be concealed. Zi said: "Shun Qi's great filial piety is also with!" Virtue is a saint, respected as the Son of Heaven, rich in the four seas. The temple feasts, and the descendants protect it. Therefore, great virtues will be given their place, their fortune, their name, and their longevity. Therefore, the creatures of heaven will be determined by their materials. Therefore, those who plant cultivate it, and those who overturn it overcome. "Poem" said: "Jiale gentleman, constitution and morality. It is suitable for the people and pleasant, and it is blessed by the sky. Bless life, from heaven. Therefore the great virtuous will be commanded. Zi said: "Those who are carefree, their only Wen Wanghu!" With Wang Ji as the father, King Wu as the son, the father does it, and the son describes it. King Wu, King Zhang, Wang Ji, and King Wen have the world, and they do not lose their fame in the world. Respected as the Son of Heaven, rich within the four seas. The temple feasts, and the descendants protect it. King Wu was ordered at the end. Zhou Gong Chengwen, Wu Zhide, chasing Wang Dawang and Wang Ji, worshiped the ancestor with the gift of the Son of Heaven. Sli also, up to the princes, doctors, and scholars. The father is a doctor, the son is a scholar, the burial is a doctor, and the sacrifice is a priest. The father is a scholar, the son is a doctor, the burial is a scholar, and the sacrifice is a doctor. The mourning of the period is up to the doctor. Three years of mourning reached the Son of Heaven. The mourning of parents, no noble or low, one also. Zi said: "King Wu, Duke Zhou, its filial piety!" The husband is filial piety, good at following people's aspirations, and good at telling people's affairs. In the Spring and Autumn Period, he repaired his ancestral temple, Chen Qizong, set up his clothes, and recommended his food. The ceremony of the temple, so the order is also clear. Preface, so distinguish the noble and the low. Preface, so distinguish the virtuous, and the travel pay is the top, so the cheap is also caught. Swallow feathers, so the order teeth also. Practice its position, perform its courtesy, play its music, respect its respect, love its relatives, die like life, death like life, death like survival, filial piety. The gift of the suburban community, so the matter God also. The ritual of the temple, so worship is also the first. It is clear that the gift of the suburbs, the righteousness of the taste, and the governance of the country is like showing the palm! "Mourning the public and asking about politics. Zi said: "The politics of literature and military affairs are laid out in Fangce." If its people exist, its political actions; If his people die, his government will rest. Humane and sensitive, authentic sensitive. The husband is also the one who is in power, Pu Lu also. Therefore, the government is in the people, take the people to the body, cultivate the self to the Tao, and cultivate the Tao to be benevolent. The benevolent people are also, and the kiss is great; The righteous should also respect the virtuous. The killing of relatives, the respect of the virtuous, etc., are also born of rites. If you don't get it from the bottom, you can't get it from the top, and the people can't get it! Therefore, a gentleman cannot be uncultivated; Thinking about self-cultivation, you can't be indifferent; Thinking about things, you can't be ignorant of people; Thinking about people, you can't not be ignorant of the sky. "The world reaches the fifth path, so the one who does it is three." Said: Monarchs and ministers, fathers and sons, husbands and wives, Kundi, friends, and the five worlds. Knowledge, benevolence, and courage are the three virtues of the world, so the one who does is one. or born to know, or learned to know, or thus known; And it knows, one also. or do it safely, or do it for profit, or do it reluctantly; and its success, one also. Zi said: "Eagerness to learn is close to knowledge, practice is close to benevolence, and shame is close to bravery." If you know the three, you will know how to cultivate yourself; If you know how to cultivate yourself, you will know how to govern people; If you know how to govern people, you will know how to govern the world and the country. "Where there are nine classics for the country in the world, it is said: self-cultivation, respect for the virtuous, kissing, respecting the ministers, the body of the ministers, the people, the people, the hundred workers, the people of Rouyuan, and the princes. Self-cultivation is the way, respect the virtuous is not confused, kisses are not complaining about the fathers and brothers, respecting the ministers is not dazzling, the ministers are reciprocated, the people are persuaded, the people are persuaded, the people are full of money, the people are far away, and the princes are afraid of the world. Qi Ming is dressed in full clothes, and he is not moving, so he is self-cultivation; Go to slander the distant sex, cheap and noble, so persuade the virtuous; Respect their position, value their lu, and share their likes and dislikes, so persuade relatives to kiss also; The official is an envoy, so he advises the minister also; Faithfulness and reluctance, so persuade the soldiers, and when the times are thin, so persuade the people; The daily and monthly tests are not only called things, so they persuade hundreds of workers; Sent to usher, Jiashan and can't, so Rouyuan people also; Following the peerless, the country was abolished, the chaos was in danger, and the time was hired, and the thick and thin came, so the princes were also conceived. "All countries under heaven have nine classics, so those who do it are one." If everything is prepared, it will be established, and if it is not prepared, it will be wasted. It is said that the predecessor is not envious, the pre-emptive is not sleepy, the pre-departure is not guilty, and the pre-road is not poor.

"If you don't get from below, you can't get from above, and the people can't get it; Gain the way: do not believe in friends, do not get the superior; Believe in friends: don't obey relatives, don't believe in friends; Obey the way of relatives: anti-body insincerity, not conformity; Honesty has a way: not knowing the good, not being honest. Those who are sincere are also the way of heaven; Those who are honest are also the way of people. The sincere person is not reluctant, does not think about it, calmly and in the middle of the way, and the saint is also. Those who are sincere, those who choose good and stubborn.

"Erudite, inquisitive, thoughtful, discerning, and diligent. There is Buddha learning, learning Buddha ability, Buddha cuo also; There is a Buddha who asks, and the Buddha who asks knows it, and the Buddha also knows; There is Furth, Ferth, and Ferts; There is a Buddha discernment, a Buddha of discernment, and a Buddha cuo; There is a Buddha line, a line of Buddha is a Buddha, and a Buddha is also. One person can do a hundred, and a person can do a thousand. If you can do this, although you are stupid, you will be clear, and if you are soft, you will be strong.

"Self-honesty is sexuality. Self-evident and sincere, it is called teaching. Honesty is clear, and clarity is sincerity. Only the world is sincere, in order to be able to do its best; to the best of their ability; then can fulfill human nature; If you can fulfill the nature of people, you can fulfill the nature of things; If you can exhaust the nature of things, you can praise the transformation and education of heaven and earth; You can praise the transformation and education of heaven and earth, and you can participate in heaven and earth.

"Secondly, the song. The song can have sincerity, sincerity is form, form is writing, writing is clear, light is moving, moving is changing, and change is changing. Only the world's sincerity is energy.

"The way of sincerity can be foreseen. The country will prosper, and there will be auspiciousness. The country will perish, and there will be demons. Seeing the yarrow turtle and moving the four bodies, the blessings and disasters are coming: goodness will be prophetic; If it is not good, it will be propheted. Therefore it is as true as God.

"Those who are sincere are self-contained; And the Tao is also the Tao. Sincerity is the beginning of the end of things, and there is nothing if there is no sincerity. Therefore, the gentleman's sincerity is precious. Those who are sincere are not self-contained, so they become things. Becoming oneself, benevolence; Something is known. The virtue of sex is also in line with the way of the outside and the inside, so it is appropriate to take measures at the right time.

"Therefore, sincerity is not interested. If it is not stopped, it will be long, and if it is long, it will be long, and if it is long, it will be broad, and if it is thick, it will be clever. Bohou, so the load also; clever, so the cover also; It has a long history, so it is also a thing. Broad and thick with the land, smart with the sky, long and boundless. In this way, it is not seen, it does not move, it changes, and it becomes inaction. The way of heaven and earth can be exhausted in one word. If it is not a thing, then its biology is unpredictable. The way of heaven and earth, Bo also, thick also, high also, Ming also, leisurely also, long also.

"Today, there are so many signs, and they are infinite, the sun, moon and stars are in a system, and all things are overthrown. Today's land, a handful of soil, and its vastness, carry Huayue but not heavy, revitalize the river and sea without leaking, and all things are loaded. Jinfu Mountain, a roll of stones, and its vastness, plants and trees, birds and beasts dwell, treasures are prosperous. Today's husband water, a spoonful of many, and its unexpected, turtles, dragons, fish and turtles are born, and goods and wealth are cultivated. "Poem" said: "Only the destiny of heaven is endless! ''Gai said that the reason why the sky is the sky. ''It is not obvious, the virtue of King Wen is pure! ''Gai said that the reason why King Wen is Wen is also pure is endless.

"Great way of a saint! The ocean is full of development, and it is extremely high in the sky. You're great! Three hundred etiquette, three thousand prestige, wait for others and then do it. Therefore, it is said: Gou is not virtuous, and the way is not condensed. Therefore, the gentleman respects virtue and Taoism, to the vast and subtle, extremely wise and modest; Review the old and learn the new, and be generous and respectful. It is not arrogant on the top of the former residence, and it is not double for the bottom; The country has a way, and its words are enough to prosper; There is no way in the country, and its acquiescence is enough to tolerate. "Poem" says: "Both clear and philosophical, in order to protect his body." ''That's what it means to be!'' Zi said: "Foolish and good for self-use, cheap and good for self-dedicated; Born in the present world, the way of the ancients. In this way, so is the and its body. "If you are not the Son of Heaven, you don't discuss etiquette, you don't have a system, you don't study literature. Get off the train today on the same track, the book is the same, and the line is the same. Although he has his position, he has no virtue and does not dare to be courteous; Although he has his virtue, he has no place, and he does not dare to be polite.

Zi said: "I said Xia Li, but it is not enough to levy." I learn Yin Li, there is Song Cunyan. I learn the Zhou ceremony, and I use it today, and I follow the week.

"There are three kings in the world, and their numbers are too great! Although the superior is good and has no levy, he does not believe in it, and he does not believe in the people; Although those who are subordinate are good and disrespectful, they do not respect and do not believe, and they do not believe in the people. Therefore, the way of the gentleman, the body, the common people, the three kings without Miao, the construction of the heavens and the earth without disobedience, the quality of the ghosts and gods without doubt, the hundred generations to the saint without confusion. There is no doubt about the ghosts and gods, and they know the heavens; Hundreds of generations are not confused by saints, and they know people. Therefore, the gentleman moves and the world is the way of the world, the world is the law of the world, and the world is the rule of the world. If it is far away, it is promising, and if it is near, it will not get tired. "Poem" said: "There is no evil in it, there is no shooting here, a few nights, and it will be famous forever!" ''There is no gentleman who is not like this, and he has long been famous in the world. "Zhong Ni Zu Shu Yao, Shun, Charter Wen, Wu; When the law is in the sky, the water and soil are attacked. As the heavens and the earth are all loaded, all are covered; It is like the wrong line of the four times, like the sun and the moon. All things nurture each other without harming each other, and the Tao goes hand in hand without contradicting each other. The small German river, the big German Dunhua. The reason why this world is big is also.

Only the most holy in the world is to be wise and wise, enough to have presence; Generous and gentle, enough to be tolerant; Strong and resolute, enough to be persistent; Qi Zhuang is upright, enough to have respect; Liberal arts and sciences are enough to make a difference. Pu Bo Yuanquan, and the time to come out. Pu Bo is like the sky, and the abyss is like the abyss. Seeing and the people are not disrespectful, words and the people are not believing, and deeds and the people are not saying. It is to spread the fame of China and give to the brute. Where the boat goes, the manpower passes; What is covered by the heavens, what is contained in the earth; The sun and the moon shine, and the frost and dew are in the team. Whoever has flesh and blood does not respect his relatives, so he is said to be worthy of heaven.

Only the world is sincere, in order to be able to enrich the world's great scriptures, establish the world's foundation, and know the transformation and education of heaven and earth. Do you have something to rely on? Hello! Abyss! Mighty! If you are not sure to be wise and sage, who can know it?

"Poems" said: "The clothes are still beautiful, and the works of the evil are also evil." Therefore, the way of a gentleman is dark and sunny; The way of the villain, but the day is dying. The way of a gentleman: light but not tired, simple and literate, gentle and reasonable, know the distance and near, know the wind from the self, know the subtlety, and enter the virtue. "Poetry" cloud: "Although it is lurking, it is also clear!" Therefore, the gentleman is introspective and not guilty, and he is not evil. What a gentleman can't reach, only people can't see! "Poetry" cloud: "In the room, it is worthy of the house leak." Therefore, the gentleman does not move and respect, and does not believe what he says. "Poetry" said: "There is no word in the performance, and there is contention in the times." "Therefore, the gentleman does not reward and the people persuade him, and he is not angry and the people are powerful in Tieyue. "Poem" says: "If you don't show virtue, you will be punished." "It is the old gentleman who is respectful and the world is peaceful. "Poem" said: "To Huai Mingde, not to be loud." Zi said: "The voice and color are to turn the people into people, and the end is also." "Poetry" said: "Virtue is like hair, and hair is still good; "The load of heaven is silent and odorless", to the end!

[Meaning] "in" refers to impartiality; "Yong", ordinary is not easy, that is, the meaning of eternity.