[109] Commercial tax is charged
After the middle of the 16th century, the Ming Dynasty government allowed the people to set up their own newspaper rooms, and under the supervision of the feudal government, they compiled and selected some of the manuscripts of the newspapers copied from the relevant departments of the cabinet for public sale, and most of these newspaper rooms were located in Beijing. The newspapers they publish are commonly known as "Beijing Daily" (sometimes also referred to as "Di Bao"). The newspaper is in the capital, and it is spread from the capital. The content is composed of three parts: the emperor's edict, the court's political affairs, and the officials' recitals). The "Beijing Daily" published by the newspaper room has a masthead. After the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638 AD), movable type printing was widely used (movable type printing of Di Bao in the late Ming Dynasty was a major progress in China's news communication technology). Publishing and distributing Beijing newspapers became an open profession from the middle of the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the "Beijing Daily" once published social news. Until the Wanli period, there were many "newspaper halls" in the north and south, and most of them were privately run, these merchants competed with each other, and even directly bought the eunuchs of some officials or the eunuchs of the ceremonial eunuchs, and revealed the content of the chapter in advance for sale, and they were the earliest "paparazzi" that can be examined so far. The rapid development of primitive newspapers such as Di Bao ensured to a certain extent the information transparency of the Ming Dynasty government and the participation of non-governmental organizations.
Song Youliang, who had strong financial resources, naturally had no problem running a newspaper, and in terms of the cost of printing books at that time, one cent of silver could print two to three pages, and if a newspaper was made into eight pages, the printing cost would be two or three cents, and then counting other expenses, each copy would be sold for one cent of silver, and it should be possible to preserve the capital. Dengzhou has a population of more than 200,000 people, but most of them are illiterate, and the number of literate people is less than 4 percent of the total population, and there are about 8,000 people. One of the 8,000 people was willing to buy a newspaper, and there were 800 copies of the circulation.
Eight hundred copies a day, one cent of silver each, a total of eight taels, in addition to the need to listen to the news, the editors who wrote it, the typesetting workers, and so on. However, Song Youliang doesn't care about this money, compared to mastering public opinion guidance and discourse, this money is nothing.
Of course, the power of public opinion in the media is a double-edged sword, in order to effectively control the media and ensure that these newspapers become his mouthpiece, Song Youliang set up a propaganda department, and all the newspapers and printing bureaus opened in Dengzhou in the future will have to go to this propaganda department for filing and registration. At the same time, the Bao Inquiry hired by the newspaper is strictly screened and screened, and in addition to the Jinyi Wei Fanzi is placed in it, these Bao Inquiries must also participate in the intelligence collection work. Later, Song Youliang simply let Jinyiwei Baihu Situ Gong participate in it, and Qilu Newspaper became a combination of public opinion propaganda and intelligence collection. Hundreds of years later, the intelligence department born out of Qilu Newspaper has become the largest and most mysterious department in the world, with tens of thousands of intelligence personnel and more than 4 million informants all over the world.
Soon, the first issue of the Qilu Newspaper was released, the name of the newspaper was "Qilu News", but the price was not a penny of silver, but two copper plates. Because Song Youliang didn't plan to make money from newspapers from the beginning, he wanted to earn people's hearts. A total of 10,000 copies were printed in the first issue, most of which were used for free delivery.
Qilu News is similar to a modern newspaper, divided into various pages, and the front page is some information copied from the newspaper, such as the emperor's holy decree. the appointment, dismissal, and promotion of some officials. The second edition is news, mainly about what has happened recently in Shandong and Dengzhou. In order to attract people from all walks of life, novels, legends and miscellaneous stories were serialized in newspapers, as well as some commercial and agricultural affairs in various places. "Qilu News" also accepts individual contributions, and some poor talents can write some loose articles if they feel that their writing is acceptable, and they have been hired and the manuscript fee is preferential.
At the same time, newspapers also accept advertisements. However, at that time, people did not have the awareness of advertising, and many people did not even know what "advertising" was. So the thing that made Song Youliang cry and laugh the most happened, the first person to ask for an advertisement was an old woman with a unique vision. This person is none other than Mother Xu, the old bustard of the newly opened brothel Qunyuyuan in Dengzhou Prefecture. The advertisement she published is: The new store of Qunyuyuan is opened, there are southern ladies, northern beauties, various national colors and natural fragrances, blowing, playing, singing, and art are unique, and all uncles are welcome to come to enjoy the light. Xu's mother also specially pointed out that the first ten Xianggong who came to Qunyuyuan with this advertisement only charged half of the money for drinking flower wine
"Insulting Sven ~ It's really insulting Sven ~ " Many literate and reading ministers scolded in their mouths, while carrying this advertisement into their arms, and went straight to the Jade Courtyard according to the address written in the advertisement
Of course. As Song Youliang's mouthpiece. The main role of "Qilu News" is to guide public opinion. Sing praises for the emperor and Song Youliang. The headlines on the front page are one after another.
"His Majesty the Emperor's Ministers Don't Interfere in Foreign Affairs"
"Closely Follow the Song Junmen - Building a Beautiful and Rich Dengzhou Mansion"
"On a sunny morning, Huang Junmen, Yuan Jianjun and Chen Zhifu discussed Dengzhou Mansion to benefit the people and benevolent government"
"Glorious Paying Taxes in Accordance with the Law, Shameful Tax Evasion and Tax Evasion - Dengzhou Industrial and Commercial Department was Established"
"From the people. Using it for the people: talking about the necessity of the establishment of the Department of Industry and Commerce》
"Widows, Widows, Loneliness, and Illness Are All Supported - Visiting the Nursing Home with Song Junmen and Chen Zhifu"
"The art master is bold - Dengzhou soldiers are busy with training"
"Dengzhou Grain Harvest, Poor People Smiling"
"Shandong is busy with grain filling warehouses in the coming year"
Another department that was established was the Dengzhou Prefecture Department of Industry and Commerce, which was mentioned in the newspaper. Because after a period of time, Song Youliang found that there were more and more merchants in Dengzhou and Haiyang, but he had not collected much business tax from those merchants. After an investigation, only a few major merchant gangs led by Gu Yushan paid taxes to themselves according to the regulations, and the rest of the merchants stole as much as they could, and leaked as much as they could.
Therefore, Song Youliang decided to strictly implement the dental card system and the municipal registration system in the Ming states, and pay taxes according to the regulations. According to the regulations of the Ming Dynasty, urban merchants must implement the merchant registration system. The so-called municipal registration system of local merchants means that businessmen are allowed to establish shops in the city and engage in commercial sales and other business operations after applying for a municipal registration guarantee to the local government, and after obtaining the right to live in a certain place with the approval of the government, and paying a certain amount of local rent, they are allowed to establish shops in the city and engage in commercial sales and other business operations, which is similar to the business administration certificate and business certificate of later generations. The implementation of such a system is conducive to the management and taxation of merchants.
As for the tooth slip system, it means that some middlemen, wholesalers, financiers, business brokers and other figures who receive commissions can engage in various business activities after applying for it and receiving official approval. Considering the prosperity of commerce in Dengzhou, there have been some tooth shops, money village pawnshops and other shops, this management system, it is necessary to keep up. As for the management of these merchants, the collection of commercial taxes was managed by the newly established Department of Industry and Commerce, which had ambassadors, deputy envoys, collectors, inspectors, and other officials. In addition to the public expenses, the money collected will be collectively distributed according to the size of the officials in Dengzhou Town every year.
All commercial taxes in the Ming Dynasty are thirty and take one, and those who pass will be judged as violating the order. Now in the tenth year of Wanli, there is another word, the shop under the three tax-exempt deeds, the purchase price is less than 40 taels and the pawn price, all are exempt from tax, the purchase price to more than 40 taels, every two tax silver cents. The Dengzhou government still implements this standard, but on this basis, it adds a clause: if the tax is not paid within the time limit, if it is found that the tax is evaded, not only will the tax be paid, but also a fine equivalent to ten times the tax will be imposed.