After buying soda ash, Li Zhi also bought quicklime. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info quicklime was the most commonly used building material in the Ming Dynasty, and there were bound to be shops in the Tianjin Acropolis. Li Zhi found the "barracks street" where the masons gathered, and found someone to lead the way for 20 yuan, and bought quicklime in a "brick and tile street" to the east of the acropolis.

Quicklime cost ten cents a pound, and Li Zhi bought one pound to do the experiment.

The saponification reaction requires alkalis and oils. Next, it's time to buy oil. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, soybean oil was widely used, and the price was cheap. Without anyone to lead the way, Li Zhi directly found the vegetable market near Jingbianfang and found a stall selling oil.

"Zhao San, give me four catties of soybean oil."

Zhao San, who was selling oil, saw that it was Li Zhi who came to buy oil, and said with a dark face: "Your family owes a lot of debts, and the house is going to be collected, can you still afford to eat oil?" Do you still want to stir-fry and eat? ”

Li Zhi saw that Zhao San had nothing to fault with, so he scolded: "Is my house confiscated, what is the matter with you Zhao San?" Are you no longer trading? ”

Hearing Li Zhi's scolding, Zhao San was taken aback and looked Li Zhi up and down with his eyes. Li Zhi had been stupid before, and there was nothing he could do if he was bullied, so Zhao San dared to bully him. I didn't expect Li Zhi to become so clever today, but he scolded himself, and Zhao San didn't react for a while.

After being scolded once, Zhao San was a little more honest, and said with a dark face: "You came to buy it empty-handed, what do you use to fill the oil?" ”

Li Zhi scolded again: "Didn't you buy oil and send gourds? What garlic are you pretending to be with me? ”

Zhao San couldn't figure out how Li Zhi had become such a person, so he reluctantly took out a gourd from under the stall, filled it with two catties of soybean oil and handed it to Li Zhi. "Thirty wen a catty, four catties and one hundred wen!"

"Four pounds and ninety wen, do you sell it or not? If you want to sell it, I'll buy more tomorrow! ”

Hearing this, Zhao San realized that Li Zhi was really no longer stupid, and he had really become smarter. That Zhao San wanted to do business, but he couldn't hold his face, so he thought about it and said with a straight face: "Then give it to you!" ”

Li Zhi handed over 90 yuan and took the oil gourd. Then Zhao San handed the oil gourd to Li Zhi, and couldn't help asking, "Will you buy it tomorrow?" ”

Li Zhi smiled and said, "If you are cheaper, I will buy it every day!" ”

Fats and oils are the key raw materials and are the most consumed. If the grease can be cheaper, the cost of soap can drop a lot, which is worth bargaining for Li Zhi.

Hearing Li Zhi's shrewd words, Zhao San finally entered the state of doing business, no longer deceived Li Zhi, and said: "If you come again tomorrow, the price is easy to say, easy to say!" ”

Li Zhi smiled, pinned the gourd to his waist, and left the vegetable market.

Li Zhi returned to his yard with the oil gourd and two bags of raw materials. When he passed by his shop, he was seen by his younger brother Li Xing. Li Xing stayed in the store for a day, and he didn't wait for anyone to come to buy pepper. At this time, when he saw Li Zhi coming back with a big bag and a small bag, he couldn't help but come up and scold: "What are you buying so many things to come back?" Still buying oil? You don't think your family owes enough money, do you? ”

Li Zhi used to be stupid and stupid, and he was most despised by his younger brother. Li Zhi has just crossed over the past few days, and he is not familiar with the environment, and he does not talk much, which has not changed Li Xing's impression of himself. At this time, Li Xing saw that Li Zhi spent money to buy things that looked useless, and he just scolded him all the time, and he had no respect for this brother.

After thinking about it, Li Xing felt that his stupid brother must have been deceived, and asked loudly, "Who asked you to buy these?" ”

Li Zhi was happy to buy all the raw materials, but as soon as he came back, he was scolded by Li Xing, and he was so angry that he breathed a sigh of anger, and then said: "Li Xing, don't talk too much, close the store, come and see my brother's magic power to show you!" ”

Li Xing was stunned when he heard Li Zhi's mysterious words, and only after half a sound did he scold again: "You must have been deceived by someone to buy so many useless things." Whoever taught you any 'supernatural powers', you tell me, and I'll settle accounts with him! ”

Hearing Li Xing's words, Li Zhi only felt a few black lines popping out of his head, and he was really speechless. It seems that in the mind of this younger brother, he is a fool with no IQ, and anyone can deceive. If you want to change this perception, you really have to put in some effort, and it can't be explained clearly in a few words.

"I can't tell you, you're selling pepper here!"

Too lazy to say more to Li Xing, Li Zhi walked into the house by himself and walked to the kitchen. Li Xing wanted to catch up and let Li Zhi explain clearly, but he was afraid that no one in the store would take care of the pepper being stolen, so he could only punch the wall angrily and watch Li Zhi leave.

Zheng was busy weaving, but he didn't notice that Li Zhi had gone home. Li Zhi walked into the kitchen and began to make the first batch of soap.

Before the crossing, Li Zhi used to design soap for a local soap factory. That case allowed Li Zhi to fully understand the production process of the soap industry from front to back. Making soap in this era is not a difficult thing for Li Zhi.

Although it was the first time to use the soil method, Li Zhi was also familiar with the road and did it easily and happily.

Li Zhi found a large wooden barrel filled with well water. Throwing eight taels of quicklime into the water, I heard a swish, and the bucket of water tumbled and became hot.

Quicklime reacts with water to form a calcium hydroxide solution, also known as hydrated lime, and a large amount of heat is released during the reaction, which heats the water in the bucket.

In this bucket of hydrated lime, Li Zhi poured a pound of soda ash into it little by little. As soon as the soda ash was poured in, the bucket of water boiled in an instant, and a large amount of water vapor came out, which immediately evaporated a third of the bucket of water, and shrouded the entire kitchen in mist. Li Zhi hurriedly added cold water to the bucket again, which lowered the water temperature. At this time, the bucket was already cloudy, and the bottom of the bucket could no longer be seen.

Hydrated lime calcium hydroxide and soda ash sodium carbonate react to produce calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. Calcium carbonate deposits clouded the bucket, and the large amount of heat released by the reaction dried up the water.

Li Zhi let the barrel sit for a while, and the calcium carbonate gradually sank to the bottom of the barrel, and the transparent sodium hydroxide solution, that is, caustic soda, floated on top of the calcium carbonate. Li Zhi spooned the sodium hydroxide solution into another wooden barrel with a spoon little by little, and filtered it with a burlap cloth again, only then did the calcium carbonate be removed.

Leaving half of it, Li Zhi poured half of the caustic soda into the iron pot.

Put the iron pot on the stove, Li Zhi used fire folds and firewood to make a fire, heated the caustic soda solution, and poured soybean oil into the pot little by little. After pouring the soybean oil into it, Li Zhi kept stirring it with a stick. The alkali and the grease undergo a saponification reaction at high temperatures, the grease gradually disappears, and a layer of viscous liquid grows on the top layer of the iron pot.

After burning for a quarter of an hour, Li Zhi fished out the liquid with a spoon and observed it, and found that there was still some oil, so he continued to add the remaining caustic soda solution. This is repeated until all the fat is consumed and there is no more fat in the sticky.