"I beg your majesty to give me the retinue of movable type printing and papermaking." Claviyo said earnestly.

"Your Majesty," said Claviyo, "I have carefully studied the history, and although the Qin state had implemented a centralized system as early as the Warring States period, this system later went wrong, leading to the fall of the Qin state, and the re-established state had to partially restore the original system: part of the land was directly governed by the central government, but most of the land and population were ruled by the nobility. ”

"Although the newly established Han state later completed the centralization of power, it was with the help of the idea called 'Confucianism', and it took nearly a hundred years to complete the centralization."

"And Castile, no, there was no analogue of 'Confucianism' in the whole history of Europe, not even in the days of ancient Greece, when the mind was very free."

"Therefore, it is necessary to spread the idea of 'Confucianism' widely in Castile, to make it acceptable to scholars who support the king, and at the same time adapt it appropriately so that the church can accept it, and then carry out reforms."

"The reason I wanted to invite a few politicians or scholars from the Ming Dynasty to Castile was not only to learn how to implement a centralized system, but also to widely disseminate the ideas of 'Confucianism'."

Speaking of this, Claviyo raised his head and looked at Yun: "Your Majesty, you may not know what the meaning of the country you rule in Europe. Ever since Marco Polo's Travels was disseminated in the West, all people have dreamed of coming to this rich place in the East. ”

"At the same time, although some countries were at war with other countries and did not send emissaries to Samarkand, all the countries on the Mediterranean coast, and all the countries in Eastern Europe, paid attention to the Timurid Khanate and its every move. Now the news of the war between the Timurid Khanate and the Ming should have reached Europe, and all the countries mentioned above will be concerned about the outcome of this war. ”

"When the news of the Ming victory over the Timurid Khanate reached Europe, all European countries would be shocked by the Ming Dynasty's strong force. Scholars will want to study why the Ming was so powerful, as a civilized state, was able to defeat a barbaric state like the Timurid Khanate. ”

"At such a time, suddenly a few scholars from the Ming Dynasty came to Castile, and not only the king, but all the nobles, scholars, and churches would welcome them warmly and ask them why the Ming was strong."

"Therefore, when the idea of 'Confucianism' came out of the mouths of the Ming scholars, scholars throughout Europe would actively study Confucianism, so that it could be widely disseminated."

"And the reason why I asked His Majesty to let my attendants learn movable type printing and more advanced papermaking techniques is also to spread the idea of 'Confucianism'. China's papermaking technology is very backward, and the cost and time required for the papermaking workshop to produce paper is much more than that of the papermaking workshop in Daming, which makes the price of paper much higher than that of Daming. And the high price of paper restricts the spread of knowledge, allowing the aristocracy and the church to monopolize knowledge, leaving the common people ignorant, which is not conducive to the development of the country. ”

"The purpose of learning movable type printing is the same as that of advanced papermaking. The printing press in Europe was too backward, which also limited the spread of knowledge. ”

"At the same time, if the king can master the advanced papermaking and movable type printing, he can also use the advanced technology to spread more widely the ideas conducive to the implementation of a centralized system, so that the implementation of this system will be more accepted by the people."

"So, my honorable majesty, I beg you to teach my squires movable type printing and more advanced papermaking." Claviyo concluded.

Yun looked at his expression, not knowing what to say. Claviio may have been '6 not very keen on spreading his ideas to foreign countries in history, but he never stopped it, and since this emperor succeeded to the throne, he has been actively spreading Confucianism to the outside world, and even if Castile is strong, there is no possibility of conflict with the Ming Dynasty, so his idea of spreading Confucianism in Europe will be supported by him; At the same time, the government of the Ming Dynasty did not monopolize the two advanced technologies of advanced papermaking and movable type printing in the hands of a few people, nor did it restrict the idea of external circulation, so he frankly stated his intentions. But Yun's own thoughts are completely different from what Claviyo thinks.

First, Yun did not support the spread of Confucianism in Europe. Although Confucianism and the philosophy of the Church are in conflict, and this conflict has the potential to cause chaos in Europe and delay the development of the golden period in the future, it is also possible to create a strong European state.

Yun believes that when Confucianism developed to the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, more than % of the advanced papermaking and movable type printing were dross, but this idea was still very advanced when it was just born, and it was the smearing of the dynasties that made him gradually become dross and rigid. Out of the needs of the guest officials, what Claviyo brought back was definitely not the Confucianism that had been repeatedly smeared after the Song Dynasty, but the ideas that were closer to the origin and that Yun had always wanted to promote. If a country absorbs the merits of both Confucian and Crucidian philosophies, it will be very advanced in terms of ideology and institutions.

At the same time, the Age of Discovery was approaching, and it was uncertain whether there would be ships from the Cape of Good Hope around the continent to the Indian Ocean, nor would any ships get lost on the east coast of the Atlantic Ocean and come to the South Han continent, let alone whether there would be ships from the Han continent coming to Europe. Once any of these three conditions occur, the Age of Discovery will come for European countries. At that time, this European country, which has very advanced ideas and systems and has obtained development opportunities, will be a difficult enemy for the Ming Dynasty to deal with.

Of course, this enemy will not be able to deal with the Ming in the Indian Ocean, but it is likely that this country will create a powerful state in the West that straddles both sides of the Atlantic. After all, the Ming Dynasty is too far away from there, and there are too many expansion directions to take into account, and the ships that can't get lost can reach the European countries on the continent of Southern Hanzhou.

Therefore, Yun does not support the spread of Confucianism in Europe now.

It is even less likely that he would like the advanced papermaking and movable type printing to spread to Europe. Needless to say, the benefits of advanced papermaking are clear to Claviyo himself; The role of movable type printing in the progress of European civilization is very huge, far greater than that of advanced papermaking.

Movable type printing has not become the mainstream printing method in the Ming Dynasty. Even if you only count the commonly used Chinese characters, there are at least 2,000 to 3,000 characters, which means that if the publisher wants to use movable type printing, he must cast so many character molds in advance, the initial cost investment is too high, and the character molds are not like the fixed assets of later generations can continue to be used after 20 years of depreciation, and they are easily damaged. At the same time, the handwriting of books printed with movable type printing was not clear, and people were reluctant to buy them. Therefore, the publishers of the Ming Dynasty rarely used movable type printing.

But Europe is different. Whether Latin or Cyrillic are used, there are only a few dozen letters, and even if you count the repeated letters on each page of the book, the font molds that need to be cast are far less than the commonly used characters in Chinese characters, and the initial investment cost is much lower. And European countries seem to have used a better ink in the era of block printing to make the handwriting clearer. Therefore, when Gutenberg independently discovered movable type printing in 1469, it quickly replaced the original engraving printing, which made the printing industry in Europe develop greatly and effectively promoted the development of European civilization.

Therefore, Yun was also reluctant to spread advanced papermaking and movable type printing to Europe.

However, 'I don't seem to have a good way to stop Confucianism and these two technologies from spreading to Europe. Yun looked at Claviyo and thought to herself.

Confucianism is an idea that Yun has been trying to spread to the outside world since he succeeded to the throne, and even if he rejects Claviyo now, it would be easy for Claviyo to take a few undesirable talents from the vassal state along the way when he returned to Castile, and it is impossible for him to issue a decree prohibiting the spread of Confucianism to Claviyo, which would cause confusion in the minds of the bureaucracy.

The same goes for both technologies. These two technologies are too widely spread in the Ming Dynasty and surrounding countries, and the difficulty is not high, he can indeed issue an order to prohibit the spread, but the Fan Kingdom and the vassal country may not pay attention to it, and there is no way to explain the reasons he has in mind to the Fan Kingdom, not to mention that the explanation may not be useful.

The only way, it seems, is to get rid of Claviyo and his men. Thinking of this, Yun's gaze on the lowered head of Claviyo also changed.

Yun thought about it very seriously, and finally decided to just leave. 'I have also been useful to him. ’

But Claviyo stood right before him, and could not fail to answer. Yun didn't think about it for a while, and asked instead: "Ge Zelaizi, isn't Da Ming good?" ”

"Your Majesty, I just praised Da Ming, and I think Da Ming is much stronger than Castile. And these words are all from the bottom of my heart, and I have absolutely not deceived Your Majesty. Claviyo didn't understand what Yun meant, but said immediately.

"You don't have to rush." Yun smiled: "I'm just a little curious, since Daming is so good, why don't you consider staying in Daming and not returning to Castile?" ”

"The Ming Dynasty also has the Semu people who were plundered from Europe by the Mongols back then, so you don't have to worry about looking too different; Moreover, the people of the Ming Dynasty have always been willing to accept people who have integrated into the Ming Dynasty, so you don't have to worry about being ostracized; I will treat everyone equally, without partiality. ”

"Your Majesty, you are right." Claviyo replied: "You are such a great and broad-minded emperor, just like Julius Caesar in ancient Rome, I am not worried about being ostracized in the Ming Dynasty." ”

"But my family is in Castile, and I love my wife and my two children. I can't leave the three of them alone in Castile. And His Majesty the King is very good to me, I heard that there is a saying in the Ming Dynasty, the one who is a confidant dies, of course I can't leave His Majesty the King to stay in the Ming Dynasty. 2k reading network