Chapter 110: A Cruel Beginning
In Zhu Yunwen's view, his greatest achievement is not to open up the northeast, nor to coerce Mongolia, but to attack the Japanese state, because the Japanese have what he needs most, that is, gold and silver.
Gold and silver hunger can not be eaten, thirst can not drink, should not be a monarch's concern, this is the mainstream view of the courtiers, so at the beginning of the conquest, they were very afraid that the emperor will become greedy for treasure, reckless and reckless, and then out of control.
However, fortunately, the emperor requisitioned a large army, landed on Wadao, and looted the wealth, and the final proceeds were placed in the Bank of Communications as a paper money reserve, or minted into gold and silver coins, and were not used for personal pleasure.
Zhu Yunwen did all this for a purpose.
In his view, there is a big reason why China has developed slowly for thousands of years, that is, the lack of gold and silver, which seriously restricts the development of the commodity economy.
The so-called gradual development of the commodity economy is the process of gradually expanding the range of commodities that can be traded. And the emergence of each type of tradable commodity will expand the scale of the economy, such as the real estate industry in later generations.
Generally speaking, later generations divided the economy into three major industries, namely agriculture, industry, and services.
Agriculture, which is the basis of human existence, is a commodity that can be traded at first, but subject to natural conditions, the scale of agricultural production grows extremely slowly, and can even be considered stagnant, in this case, suitable currency can always be found, such as shells, copper coins, and so on.
Industry is the transformation of nature by human beings, through various physical, chemical and other reactions, the previously discarded and unremarkable items are processed into shining industrial products, from this point of view, the limit of industrial production is almost non-existent, so the amount of money required by industry is also unimaginable, and conversely, if there is not enough money, industrial development is impossible.
The industrial revolution that the West is proud of is actually based on the large amount of gold and silver found in the Americas, although Spain, the great powers of geographical discovery, did not become an industrial power, but they are the largest market in the rising capitalist countries such as Britain and France, and they create demand because they have enough gold and silver.
As for the service industry, it is the monetization of human resources, and the amount of money it needs is more, which is also an important reason why the service industry in developed countries in later generations is developed and manpower is expensive.
In Zhu Yunwen's view, the economic scale, technical level, and knowledge reserve of the Ming Dynasty are sufficient, and the only problem is the lack of gold and silver, and the lack of a large amount of capital injection.
At this moment, the so-called great geographical discoveries have not yet begun, and a large amount of gold and silver inflow is naturally impossible to talk about, so Zhu Yunwen can only be a pioneer and do it himself.
A certain philosopher said, "Capitalism came to earth with blood and filth dripping from head to toe from every pore." ”
This cannot but be said to be the sorrow of history, but it is also a historical necessity.
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But there is too much money, and it is not a good thing, and it is easy to have inflation, which is very obvious in another time and space.
Because of the inflow of silver in the Ming and Qing dynasties, prices rose, and the officials' salaries did not change for hundreds of years, which made the honest officials more difficult, and objectively allowed the officials to find a reason for corruption.
The cause of the Opium War was Lin Zexu's recital: "Opium poisons the world...... if it is still vented, it will make it so that after a few decades, there will be almost no soldiers in the Central Plains who can resist the enemy, and there will be no silver that can be paid." ”
The outflow of silver leads to a drop in prices, and the same product can only be exchanged for less silver, thus increasing the tax burden of the people, because the people's taxes are denominated in silver.
For this problem, Zhu Yunwen also considered.
The inflow of gold and silver will lead to a rapid rise in food prices, which can be seen from the consequences of Tong Hailong's return of large quantities of gold and silver from the Americas.
In order to reduce the impact on grain prices, Zhu Yunwen decided to increase the quota of grain imports from Annam, Champong, Luzon and other places, which would not only stabilize grain prices, but also weaken the war potential of Annam, Champong and other places, and would also reduce the difficulty of occupation in the later period, because the local people would gain benefits.
In fact, Zhu Yunwen doesn't need to be so obvious.
Because the price of grain in Jiangnan is high, it is natural that some people will focus on the low-cost grain in Annam and Zhancheng.
It's just that the risk of buying grain in Annan and Champa is a bit high, and I am afraid that I will pay the price of my life.
In response to this, Zhu Yunwen ordered Zhang Fu to provide all convenient conditions to protect the safety of merchants, even if he did not hesitate to start a small-scale war.
In this case, of course, Zhang Fu did not want to anger the Hu family's father and son, of course, if they didn't know each other, it would be a different matter.
However, in order to reassure the merchants, Zhu Yunwen invented a special certificate - the armed certificate.
Armed certificates are expensive, but the benefits are also attractive.
With an armed license, merchants can recruit men, buy weapons, ask for guidance from the military, and even ask the local garrison to help solve problems when they encounter difficulties.
When the news spread, the merchants of Jingshi, Suzhou, Ningbo, Fuzhou, and Anhai City immediately boiled, this is something they have always dreamed of but cannot get!
If you have an armed certificate, then you can do something that you can!
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The situation in Mobei for ten years was very beneficial to the Ming Dynasty.
Under the continuous blows of the Hongwu and Jianwen dynasties, the Mongols had completely abandoned Monan, while the Ming Dynasty's Suiyuan and Rehe Divisions had gradually stabilized.
Among them, Suiyuan was established earlier, after Ping'an, Qu Neng, Song Xuan and other successive divisions of the sword and soldier education, the tribes near Suiyuan gradually became accustomed to the rule of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty demarcated the playground for them, not allowed to cross the border, and not allowed to fight for the grassland in private, at the same time they also had to obey the Ming Dynasty's call, and those who violated the order were killed.
Although the Rehe Dusi was established late, Zhang Hanbei, the Dusi, was a ruthless man, and his name was in the Rehe area, which could stop children from crying at night; The black-armored cavalry under his command is even more barbaric and ferocious, cold-blooded and ruthless, and the tribes under his rule soon become submissive, because once the order of the capital is violated, then this tribe does not have to exist, and the upper echelons of the tribe will be all executed, and the strong men will be taken as prisoners of war and escorted to the northeast to build roads and mine, and even some people will be sent to Korea, Wa and other places, and they will not be allowed to return to their hometowns for life.
and the beautiful women of the tribe were assigned to the meritorious men; The remaining old, weak, sick and disabled will be distributed to other meritorious tribes according to the situation.
At the same time, in order to prevent the tribe from becoming larger, the imperial court imposed strict restrictions on the number of people of the tribe, and once the total number exceeded 10,000 and the elite exceeded 3,000, the tribe must be split and the pasture must be redistributed.
This process looks simple, but when it comes to execution, it is bloody.
Many Mongols could not stand this cruel rule and moved their families to Mobei, but often before they could escape to Tongliao, they were intercepted and killed by the Ming cavalry, and by that time, the Ming army's practice was to wipe out the entire clan, regardless of men, women and children.
In the desert and grassland of the south of the desert to the north of the desert, you can often see piles of Jingguan, according to Zhang Hanbei said: "They are born as people of the Ming Dynasty, and they are ghosts of the Ming Dynasty when they die, even if they become corpses and bones, they must nourish the grasslands of the Ming Dynasty." ”
This kind of coldness makes everyone shudder.
Some people couldn't stand it, and they wrote a letter of impeachment, but they were reprimanded by the emperor, and over time, no one dared to impeach.
Therefore, very few people were able to escape to Mobei, and after these people arrived in Mobei, they brought panic to the Mobei tribe.
It was hard for the Mongols to imagine how the Ming could have become so brutal? It shouldn't be!
Hasn't the Ming people always been a country of etiquette?
We couldn't survive before, and fled to the border of the Ming Dynasty, weren't the officials of the Ming Dynasty all good food, good drink, and good hospitality? How did it become like this now?
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In March of the tenth year of Jianwen, a text spread in Mobei.
The text was promulgated in the name of the Ming Emperor - Mobei belongs to the rule of the Ming Dynasty, and will set up the Jinshan Division, the Helin Division and the Hulunbuir Division, and the tribal leaders under the jurisdiction of the Division will go to Jinshan, Helin and Bear Lake within a time limit to accept the inspection and appointment of the Ming Division, and those who fail to arrive will be punished as a rebellion.
The deadline is May 1.
The steppe is in an uproar!