The national policy of the Jianwen Dynasty was inherited by the later emperors, although the results were remarkable, but also by some later historians strongly criticized, believing that the Jianwen Emperor was a bloody and barbaric Han ist, whose life's achievements were based on the plundering and exploitation of other countries and nations, of course, this is not the mainstream idea. But it is undeniable that at that time, ethnic minorities were indeed in dire straits.

In the Jianwen Dynasty, ethnic minorities were either arrested for military service or forced labor unless they had identity cards. However, in the evaluation of local officials in the border areas, the number of naturalized ethnic minorities is a very important consideration, so for local officials, what they most hope for is naturalization, rather than confiscating them into the army or serving hard labor, which naturally conflicts with the officials of the garrison and the Ministry of Industry, because they also have their own evaluations. In order to win over ethnic minorities and increase the number of naturalized people, local officials often lower their standards, or temporarily find people to guarantee and issue identity cards, so naturally a new profession appeared, that is, professional security households and concubine professional households, specializing in some curves to issue identity cards, local officials knew this, but often turned a blind eye, at that time, this was a secret known from top to bottom.

Therefore, in the border army, it is common for soldiers to take concubines, not to mention officers, and in the end, both officers and soldiers own a large amount of land, and these lands are different from the land of the guards, and they are completely taxed according to the standards of the households, which is also a way for many people to make money. In the end, the imperial court had to stipulate the upper limit of concubines according to their ranks, which temporarily stopped this trend of concubines.

After these things were reported to Zhu Yunwen, Zhu Yunwen had no good way except to smile bitterly at the policy and countermeasures, he only emphasized two things, one is not to let the ethnic minorities concentrate on granting land, and to disperse them; Second, as long as you have an identity card, all of them are the people of the Ming Dynasty, and there is no discrimination.

As the people of the Ming Dynasty do have many preferences, such as entering North Korea can be protected by the consulate, not subject to North Korean law, under this policy, there are not many people who can keep to themselves, so it inevitably caused new disputes, so that the relationship between Lelang Mansion and North Korea has become tense, and finally many Korean Jurchens have also been lured to run to Lelang House, Li Fangyuan thought twice, had to implement the identity card system in North Korea, all North Koreans are not allowed to leave the North Korean border, and asked Lelang House not to accept North Koreans with identity cards, which slightly curbed the wave of immigration.

The close navy, the cavalry on the side of the couch, the unstoppable tide of immigration and the indignation of the government and the opposition made Li Fangyuan, who had few great ambitions, intolerable, and he decided to start a counterattack, and began to support the Jurchens in the Tumen, Ussuri and Songhua river basins more vigorously against the Ming, and his sailors set out from the north of Korea to send them food, grass, weapons and military commanders; At the same time, he began to contact the Japanese and asked them to harass the Ming from the sea; They also contacted the Mongols and asked them to cross the Great Khing'an Mountains to support the Jurchens. In this way, a network was gradually formed in the eastern, northeastern, and northern parts of the Ming Dynasty, posing a serious threat to the northern frontier and the southeastern maritime frontier of the Ming Dynasty.

Unfortunately, most of the court officials were not aware of this crisis, and in their view, the establishment of the Lelang Mansion was purely the result of the young emperor's excess energy. In addition, the emperor openly claimed to admire Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which made the hundred officials very worried, so the hundred officials decided to find something for the emperor to do to distract the emperor.

This method was very effective, and it directly led to Zhu Yunwen giving up his three-year plan to conquer Korea and choosing to encroach step by step.

First of all, the content of Zhu Yunwen's conversation with the kings in the Qianqing Palace was spread, and it was rumored that the emperor was not ready to support the vassal king, and that he would let the vassal king divide the overseas and fend for himself. This made Zhu Yunwen very annoyed and embarrassed, because vassal states such as Annam, Wa and even Joseon came one after another to ask if the rumors were true; Yunnan's Longchuan, Burma, Mubang and other propaganda divisions also came to inquire whether the imperial court had any plans to change the land and return to the stream, and even the merchants of the Ming Dynasty went to Nanyang to do business, which attracted the surveillance of the local government. In view of this situation, Zhu Yunwen had to openly open a rumor, this matter is absolutely out of nowhere, it is a rumor, please rest assured that the vassal state and the Xuanwei Division are assured; The Ministry of Rites and Honglu Temple of the Imperial Court also complained, and they had to keep receiving envoys from all sides, and finally said something that they were not sure about.

Through this incident, Zhu Yunwen understood the truth of "those who achieve great things do not seek to be with the public", the quality of these vassal kings is uneven, let them know too much, there is no benefit at all, "the people can make it, but they can't make it!" ”。 He ordered the Investigation Division to investigate who had disclosed the information, but the Investigation Division had investigated for half a year and arrested countless people, but there was no result.

However, it is imperative for the vassal king to divide the overseas feud, otherwise he can only lower the vassal king's salary, or take the demotion of the lord to attack the title, and it is unrealistic to lower the feudal king's salary, the prince's income is 10,000 stones, which looks like a lot, but it is converted into silver two only 10,000 taels, so the feudal king must have other economic resources, which is the same as the fact that the official is less corrupt; As for the demotion of the lord and the attack on the title, I am afraid that there will be a national war, although these vassal kings are vulnerable, but it cannot be denied that these vassal kings still have a certain effect on the stability of the country.

Secondly, recently, some people have written to the vassal king to rebel, such as Tie Xuan, the political envoy of Shandong, who accused the king of Qi of rebellion; Xiping Hou Musheng reported that King Min had misdeeds; Tan Bo, the head of the household department in charge of the Bank of Communications and the Academy of Sciences, accused the King of Xiang of forging Bank of Communications bills and seeking huge profits; There is also the prefect of Taiwan, Huang Fu, who accused the acting king of being corrupt and abusing people's power in Taiwan, resulting in countless deaths and injuries among the soldiers of the guard station and the people who belonged to the mountains; and those who sued the king of the valley for lawlessness; sue the king of Chu that the soldiers are well fed and may rebel; Even the King of Qin in Xi'an and the King of Jin in Shanxi were not spared. As for the occupation of people's land, the private storage of war horses, corporal punishment of officials, and so on, there are countless things.

Thirdly, due to the implementation of new policies such as the opening of the sea ban, the collection of commercial taxes, and the construction of roads by the imperial court in recent years, many new problems have also emerged, such as the collusion between maritime merchants and the municipal shipping department, and the underpayment and non-payment of taxes; The levy of commercial taxes has led to inflated prices in some areas and made life difficult for the people; Road construction requires the purchase of a large number of cement and bricks, because of the lack of adequate supervision, corruption incidents have occurred repeatedly, the quality of the roads built is uneven, and the road surface has been broken and collapsed frequently; In the end, Zhu Yunwen took into account the drawbacks of the grain chief system, canceled the grain chief transfer system, and used the garrison to be responsible for the transfer, but this brought new problems, and the use of soldiers by military generals was even more extreme, although the imperial court distributed enough rations, but there was a phenomenon of soldiers starving to death. All kinds of chaos emerge one after another. In the court, there were endless calls for criticizing Zhu Yunwen for being rash and advocating the restoration of the old Hongwu system.

There are some things that Zhu Yunwen can tolerate, and some things that Zhu Yunwen can't tolerate, such as the Zhejiang maritime merchant Liujia colluded with Ningbo City Bosi to promote Cai Xiang, and evaded taxes amounting to more than 235,000 taels, and what is even worse is that many officials know about it, but they don't care, but think that Cai Xiang is a good official, and he doesn't compete with the people for profit, and it wasn't until a year later that he was discovered and reported by Zheng Fengen, the superintendent of the imperial history, but this Zheng Fengen was attacked and annihilated by hundreds of officials, and he was miserable, and even planned to resign from the office.

Finally, the third year of Jianwen was also an eventful year, the locust plague in Henan, the breach of the Yellow River, the great water in Shandong, and the rebellion of the White Lotus Sect in Hebei affected the north and south of the river, Zhu Yunwen ordered Changxing Hou Geng Xuan to sit in Kaifeng, and Anyuan Boqu was able to sit in Jinan to prevent the rebellious people from going south, and ordered Licheng Hou Shengyong to suppress it with all his might, all of which restrained the energy of the imperial court.

In order to provide relief to the victims, Zhu Yunwen took two steps, adopting a combination of work-for-relief and immigration, and Song Lijun, the secretary of the Ministry of Industry, opened the canal and cleaned up the floods in Shandong, feeding a large number of victims; Some of the victims were relocated to Hebei and Liaodong. As for the White Lotus Sect rebels that were finally suppressed, in addition to the beheading of the thieves, Zhu Yunwen moved them to Liaodong, Suiyuan, northwest and southwest in batches.

Therefore, in the third year of Jianwen, the Ming Dynasty actually did not have the ability to fight a full-scale war in North Korea, and only obtained a piece of land by means of intimidation, and Zhu Yunwen spent more time dealing with internal affairs.

First of all, in order to strengthen the control of the army, Zhu Yunwen launched a long-brewing military rank system, referring to the system of later generations, divided into three levels of generals and captains, specifically detailed into generals, lieutenant generals, major generals, brigadier generals, colonels, lieutenant colonels, majors, captains, lieutenants and second lieutenants, the specific candidates have been screened by the Governor's Office, the Ministry of War and the Military Aircraft Department of the Five Armies, and confirmed by Zhu Yunwen personally, and finally confirmed the standard of awarding the title. The commander is a brigadier general, and his subordinate acquaintances and servants are appointed brigadier generals or colonels according to the situation; The rank of general is basically only awarded to the military generals above the earl title, but there are also ranks, major generals are basically earls, lieutenant generals are basically marquises, and generals are dukes, but for hereditary situations, they are generally demoted by one level, so there are not many generals who have the rank of generals in the end, such as only three generals, Ping'an, Xu Huizu, and Chang Sheng; There are the most lieutenant generals, roughly including Licheng Hou Shengyong, Changxing Hou Geng Xuan, Cao Guogong Li Jinglong, Xiping Hou Musheng, Xining Hou Song Sheng, and Ma Duwei Mei Yin; Major generals include An Pingbo, Li Yuan, An Yuanbo, Qu Neng, He Fu and others; The other companions such as Song Xuan, Wu Sheng, Zhang Lun, and Cao Yushu were all brigadier generals.

Among them, Chang Sheng is the most special, and he should normally be a lieutenant general, but he has the title of national uncle, and his sister is Zhu Yunwen's mother-in-law.

At the same time as promulgating military ranks, Zhu Yunwen stipulated a thorough division of civil and military rule, civilian officials were not allowed to command the army, and those who commanded the army must have military ranks, and the rank of general needed to be granted by the emperor himself, and only those who obtained the rank of general were qualified to independently command the army.

Secondly, for the treatment of the vassal kings, Zhu Yunwen sent Qin to find out the truth, and gave different punishments according to the situation, adhering to the principle of voluntariness, such as the king of Chu was stripped of two guards, the king of Xiang was cut off one guard, and the king ordered him to compensate the people and the soldiers of the guard, and not to commit it again, etc., these vassal kings did not seek death and life, nor did they want to rebel.

Regarding the courtiers' attacks on the New Deal, Zhu Yunwen gritted his teeth and tried his best to support the situation of corruption, and ordered the Prosecutor to set up anti-corruption bureaus in various places to be responsible for handling various corruption and bribery cases; In response to the chaos of the Municipal Shipping Division, Zhu Yunwen renamed the Municipal Shipping Division as the Customs and established the General Administration of Customs, with Yang Shiqi, a bachelor from Hanlin, as the director, directly under the emperor; Finally, in order to solve the problem of hereditary and corrupt officers and soldiers in the guard, on the one hand, a gendarmerie department was set up in the guard post to deal with disciplinary violations; On the other hand, the interior guards were gradually abolished, and the best were selected for the army, and the old and weak were served for the people.

Regarding the phenomenon of the sudden increase in official corruption, Zhu Yunwen was a little puzzled, and finally in the casual conversation, he was explained by Xie Jin, and the reason for this is that the power of officials has become larger, and the scope of bribery has increased from officials and gentry to businessmen, and before the road was built, it was supervised by the imperial court, but now it has become supervised by local officials, so problems will naturally arise. Some magistrates do not understand, so they are deceived; Some magistrates were greedy, and they did not dare to accept bribes from officials, but they dared to accept bribes from businessmen.

Zhu Yunwen suddenly realized, but there was no good way, but he could only order to increase the intensity of supervision, and in the agricultural era, he could not support too many officials.

In order to let the hundred officials understand the significance of developing business and taxation, Zhu Yunwen took some of the books that he had read in later generations, such as Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations" and Ricardo's "Principles of Political Economy and Taxation", and wrote them into a book for the students of Guozijian to study and discuss.

After hearing about this, some businessmen also paid for someone to publicize the benefits of commerce in the newspaper, such as hiring people to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people, paying taxes to promote the prosperity of the country, reducing the price of commodities and reducing the cost of living of the people through the improvement of technology, and so on; However, many landlords and literati could not see it, and they also wrote articles criticizing merchants for hoarding and currying, ignoring the lives of the people, tax evasion and other illegal things, which naturally made the merchants dissatisfied, and also criticized the landlords for not reducing land rents during the famine years, resulting in the common people selling their sons and daughters, and some literati enjoying the preferential treatment of the state, but spending all day drinking, oppressing the good, and so on.

These controversies led to the rapid development of the newspaper industry, as the controversy intensified, the courtiers began to advocate the ban of newspapers, although Zhu Yunwen did not adopt, but did not let it go, took advantage of the situation to set up the General Information Administration, the director is Yang Rong, directly under the Wenyuan Pavilion, responsible for checking the ban in the newspaper, such as insulting the emperor, advocating rebellion is resolutely not allowed.

Although these controversies did not lead to any conclusive conclusions, they made the Ming Dynasty begin to reflect on the role of Shinong industry and commerce in the country, all of which were gradually changing the country.