Chapter 35 Northeast Strategy
While Sheng Yong was sent to North Korea to be responsible for the invasion of the Korean Peninsula, Ping An was also ordered to sit in Shenyang, naturalize the Jurchens, and open up the northeast.
Perhaps the memory of later generations is too painful, from Zhu Yunwen's heart, he has a rare attachment to naturalizing the Jurchens and passing through the Northeast. It's a pity that most of the courtiers didn't think so, and some even thought that it was better to open up the southwest and conquer Annam, where at least the climate was warm, the land was fertile, and the population was dense, so what was there in the northeast? Vast, snowy, and sparsely populated, how much effort does it take to be effective?
But Zhu Yunwen insisted, and the courtiers had no choice, but fortunately, Zhu Yunwen was not reckless and was very cautious. Whether it is for the Northeast or North Korea, Zhu Yunwen's strategy is to advance step by step, never take risks easily, and even issued an order to reduce casualties as much as possible, simply put, even if Sheng Yong captures North Korea, if there are too many casualties, he will still be punished. Sheng Yong under such pressure, had to enable the surrender of the army, Zhu Yunwen immediately agreed, and personally named the "Guiyi Army", it turned out that Sheng Yong's strategy was effective, although the Guiyi Army had bad military discipline and plunder, but the results were brilliant, bearing most of the casualties, greatly reducing the losses of the Ming army, which made Zhu Yunwen and the courtiers very satisfied. Although, some pedants think that it hurts the peace, but it is completely negligible.
Naturalization of the Jurchens and the development of the Northeast, the generals are very much in agreement, the emperor is ambitious, the court has wars, it is their favorite, otherwise they will be gradually forgotten by the emperor, and in any era, people who have not shown their faces in front of the leaders for a long time will not have any future.
Zhu Yunwen knew that his Wen Taowu strategy was far from Zhu Yuanzhang and even Zhu Di. Zhu Yuanzhang's subordinates are full of talents, Xu Da, Chang Yuchun, Li Wenzhong, Mu Ying, Deng Yu, Feng Sheng, Fu Youde, Lan Yu, Tang He, etc., everything; And in his own hands, there is only one Geng Bingwen, and he died before he got out of the school, and now there are only a few generals who can take out his hands, such as Ping'an, Sheng Yong, Xu Huizu, Qu Neng, etc., although martial arts is also constantly cultivating talents, but the talent gap is not something that can be made up in a short time.
And he can't be like Zhu Di, personally go into battle and command thousands of troops, what he can do is to formulate a general direction on the map and hand it over to the people below to implement, so he can only be cautious and cautious.
Therefore, like North Korea, Zhu Yunwen did not have the idea of finishing his work in one battle, but gradually advanced.
With flintlock muskets, artillery and cement, it was no longer difficult to open up the Northeast. With cement, cities can be quickly built in critical places, and with muskets and artillery, both the Mongols and the Jurchens can only look at the city and sigh. Today's Mongols are fundamentally different from those of Emperor Yuan Shun more than 30 years ago, and their equipment, organization, and long-range attack weapons are not the same, and they have completely degenerated into the most primitive nomadic state. As for the Jurchens, they are also different from the Jin Dynasty two hundred years ago, and after a long period of suppression by the Mongols, the Jurchens have been divided into countless small tribes, each with its own government.
Therefore, it is not difficult to naturalize the Jurchens themselves, as long as they slowly build the city, bring the surrounding Jurchens into the jurisdiction, and use the identity card system, those who have identity cards are good citizens, and those who do not have are fugitive slaves, and they can be arrested immediately to participate in the construction of farmland and water conservancy infrastructure.
In addition, there are also many Jurchens in the Zhuwei in Liaodong, such as Kaiyuan, Liaohai, Tieling and other guards, but these Jurchens have been completely naturalized, not only do most of them have Han names, but their lifestyles are no different from those of the Han people, and there is no discrimination in their meritorious promotion. They already considered themselves civilized people, and called Timur, the fierce brother of Jianzhou Wei, and others barbarians.
However, the "barbarian" Jurchens still have resistance to naturalization, and these resistance mainly comes from the upper echelons, simply put, Zhu Yunwen's policy is to deprive the tribal leader of his hereditary status, and the tribal subjects receive identity cards and become the people of the Ming Dynasty, no longer paying taxes to the tribal leaders, but to the Ming Dynasty, which can be grain or horses.
For ordinary Jurchens, there is no difference, but for tribal leaders, it is unacceptable. Therefore, under the instigation of the tribal leaders, they rose up to resist, but these people were scattered and vulnerable.
An Pingbo Li Yuan immediately sent troops to suppress, Shao Yun stationed in Shenyang, Xiong Hai in Tonghua, and Wang Zhong in Kaiyuan attacked separately, after quelling the rebellion, the tribal leader was executed by the whole clan, and the rest of the troops were recruited by the Ming army to build the city, and after the city was built, let it be scattered around the city, distribute the fields, and let them graze or farm.
However, the naturalization of the Jurchens also affected the interests of the Mongols, and since the rebellion of King Yan, the Mongols have also been hit hard, and they have retreated to Mobei and dare not go south. However, as the Ming Dynasty began to recuperate, the Horqin Division, the Asute Division, and the Zakmingan Division of the Eastern Grassland began to expand gradually, and Mahamu expanded southward to the West Liao River Basin, approaching the southern foot of the Great Khing'an Mountains, that is, the junction of the Tongliao ----- Horqin Grassland and the Songliao Plain in later generations; The Horqin and Asut tribes crossed the Great Khing'an Mountains and entered the camp of the former Wuliangha three tribes, where they were nomadic in the Nenjiang River valley and lived next to the Jurchens in Liaodong.
Therefore, the Ming Dynasty's action to naturalize the Jurchens immediately attracted the attention of the Mongols, and Arutai and others discussed and believed that the purpose of the Ming Dynasty was to control the east of the Great Khing'an Mountains and include the entire northeast in the bag, so that a pincer offensive would be formed against the Mongols. Just as the Han Dynasty dealt with the Xiongnu back then, the Han Dynasty occupied the Hexi Corridor, and under the attack from both sides, the Xiongnu gradually declined, and the northeast was to Mongolia what Hexi was to the Xiongnu.
Therefore, the three leaders jointly wrote a letter asking Erlebok Khan to send troops to the northeast to prevent the Ming Dynasty from naturalizing the Jurchens.
In the past two years, Elbok Khan has lived a very prosperous life, his direct subordinates have increased from 50,000 to 150,000, and the cavalry that can be recruited has reached more than 30,000, and the three tribes in the eastern steppe can be regarded as his cronies, so that the cavalry that Erbok can use has as many as 70,000 or 80,000; At the same time, Warat in the west fell into a civil war, because both sides of the civil war needed their own support, so they were also very deferential to themselves; What's more, he got the woman of his dreams----- his brother-in-law Hong Gaowa, he doted on Hong Gaowa very much, and Hong Gaowa also gave birth to a son named Barak.
All this was very satisfying to Elebek, and he really wanted to live like this for the rest of his life. But the letter of Arutai and others gave him a blow to the head, did the Ming Dynasty really have the ambition to destroy Mongolia?
Therefore, Erlebok issued a summoning order, ordering Arutai, Mahamu, Tieleba, and Ugqi to go to Helin to discuss matters, and the three eastern chiefs were anxious and quickly rushed to Horin; However, Ugqi, who had just unified the four divisions of Warat, did not come, and sent his son Eseku and the national teacher Wang Xing to attend the meeting on the grounds of old age and illness.
Although at the meeting, the three leaders strongly advocated sending troops to the northeast, and Erlebok was also a little moved, but Eseku thought it was a fantasy, and his words were as follows: "The area east of the Great Khing'an Mountains is sparsely populated and has a cold climate, and except for a few barbarians such as the Jurchens, there is no one living at all. ”
"And the land west of the river, with abundant water and grass, and a warm climate, is it comparable to the northeast?"
"Can you tell me how the Ming Dynasty occupied this place?"
"I believe that even with the national strength of the Ming Dynasty, it is impossible to occupy such a large land even if it takes a hundred years."
This means that the Ming Dynasty has been doing useless work for a hundred years, which will greatly consume the national strength of the Ming Dynasty, isn't this a good thing? Why should we block? ”
"My suggestion is to let the Ming Dynasty go to naturalization, and we will leave him alone."
Elsekul's words hit the nail on the head, and Elebak felt that he was overreacting, but Arutai and Mahamu looked at each other, and they instinctively thought that they had to stop it, otherwise there would be a catastrophe for the Mongols.
Unfortunately, they only had intuition and no evidence, and could not convince the crowd, but due to the insistence of the two, Tieleba also agreed to send troops; On the other hand, the Eseku refused to send troops on the grounds that the Varat was initially determined and could not afford to go on an expedition; Warat did not send troops, Elbok was helpless, and even in order to prevent Warat from sneaking attack, he had to leave enough defenders, so he sent his confidant Sumu to lead 10,000 cavalry with the three-dimensional leader to the east, and finally, he appointed Mahamu as the commander-in-chief, because Mahamu was his son-in-law.
Mongolia decided to send troops to the northeast, which made the North Korean envoy Yin Zhaohui, who was waiting for a reply, overjoyed, and hurried back to North Korea to report to Li Fangyuan.
When more than 50,000 Mongolian cavalry entered Liaodong along the hometown of Tongliao and Wuliangha, it immediately aroused the response of the Jurchens in the Northeast, especially after the fierce brother Timur and Li Zhongzhong arrived in the Northeast, and the Jurchens gathered under the command of the two of them, intending to drive the Ming army out of the Northeast.
In response to this situation, Zhu Yunwen still adopted a steady and steady strategy, attacked what he would save, and ordered the Ping'an Shuai army to build a city in Tongliao, the key place where the Mongols entered the northeast, and the old land of Uliangha, blocking the passage of the Mongol army into the northeast. Then turn around and go east, and wipe out all the Mongols and Jurchens in the area south of the Songhua River.
The subsequent wars basically followed this line of thought......