Chapter 20 **Fortune Boat Long hair is difficult to cut

After listening to Lin Zongwei's introduction, Zhang Zhimu said: "We are now considering using steel plates to build ships, but we do not have talents here who specialize in shipbuilding. ”

Lin Zongwei asked puzzledly: "I also heard Li Gongzi say that you want to use steel plates to build ships." However, steel plates are much heavier than wood, and the strength of steel of the same weight is not as strong as that of steel of the same weight. Moreover, the wooden boat will fall apart, and the wood will float on the water. Why do you use steel to build ships? ”

At this time, Lu Bingyi came in with two people, and after Zhang Zhimu introduced the two parties, he answered Fang Cai Lin Zongwei's question and said: "What Mr. Fang Cai Lin asked is, why do we use steel to build ships. We know that the current ships are made of wood, and since our current ship guns have a very low hit rate, the wooden ships can still meet the needs. But even if the current shells hit the wooden ship with heavy artillery, the wooden ship would basically be missed and sunk. In a naval battle, a hit means a shipwreck. However, if we were to weld the shipbuilding with the high-strength steel plates we produce now, the current shells would not soon cause a fatal danger if they were hit. And after we build a steel-hulled ship, a larger caliber of artillery can be installed on it. That's why we built steel-hulled ships. In addition, technically, we have the welding technology of steel, and the technology of steam engines, which gives us the technical basis for building steel-hulled ships. ”

Lin Zongwei is worthy of being born in a shipbuilding family, he said: "I have seen the benefits of steamships from the lucky boat I took when I came, which was incomparable to the previous ships. But my advice is that you don't build a ship in the style of a fortune ship in the first place. It is necessary to choose the type of ship according to the actual needs. When I came, the fortune boat I took was only the second fortune boat in the fortune boat, and the draft was one zhang deep, such a boat was in the Yellow River and Fen River in the north, and it was necessary to find some deep passages to pass, and it would not work when encountering shallow water. Because the fortune ship is a sharp-bottomed ship, it is mainly considered to deal with the wind and waves at sea, and the draft is deep. In fact, the imperial court's military fortune ships were divided into six models. ** is a draft of two zhang, No. 2 is what you are using now is a draft of one zhang. In fact, the use of boats like yours in the northern waterways is very restricted. Therefore, the boat you build must refer to the shape of the sand boat. ”

Mr. Lu Bingyi interjected and asked: "Mr. Lin, is the sand boat not as good as the lucky ship in terms of wind and wave resistance?" ”

Lin Zongwei replied: "Although I am for the benefit of the ship, I do not deny that in terms of resisting wind and waves, the ship is better, but it is not absolute. The sand boat has its own characteristics, and means of coping with wind and waves. ”

Lin Zongwei took a sip of tea, moistened his throat and continued: "The characteristics of the sand boat are square heads, square tips, flat bottoms, and shallow drafts, and its length-to-width ratio is large, with the characteristics of wide, large, flat, and shallow. This type of boat is not afraid of the beach, and can sail in the sea area on the sandy seabed, as well as in rivers and lakes. The bottom of the sand boat is flat and can sit on the beach, and it is not afraid of running aground. Safe in the wind and waves. Especially when the wind direction and tide direction are different, because the bottom is flat and the draft is shallow, it is less affected by the tide and is safer. If you want to take care of both the north and the south, you have to choose the shape of a sand boat, and if you add your steam engine, it will be even more terrible. ”

Zhang Zhimu knew that the sea ships in his previous life were basically in the style of fortune boats, and some passenger ships and inland river transport ships were in the form of sand boats.

Lin Zongwei also said: "In fact, the sand boat also has its own way to resist waves, when the wind and waves are strong, put down the bamboo basket with stones woven with bamboo from the appropriate position on the boat, and hang it in the water to reduce the rocking. In fact, it is a wooden boat, and the strength of the sand boat is not small. But if you're a steel-hulled ship, I don't have to talk about that. ”

Lin Zongwei told everyone a lot about shipbuilding as soon as he came, and he also wanted Zhang Zhimu to know something about himself. Zhang Zhimu knew that he would talk on the surface, and he couldn't see how deep and how deep his level was, so he would know when the time came. However, just because Lin Zongwei is a shipbuilding family, he should not be wrong. However, he built wooden ships, and he had to start all over again in building steel-hulled ships.

Lin Zongwei's suggestion was in line with Lu Bingyi's meaning, Lu Bingyi took out a drawing to show Lin Zongwei, pointed to the picture and introduced it to Lin Zongwei, where is the steam engine installed, where is the cab, and so on. It is also pointed out where is the center of gravity of the ship, and where is the center of buoyancy, where is the plane of the center of gravity of the ship, so it is calculated what is the angle at which the ship can swing when it encounters the wind. From here, you can see the high and low. Because Lu Bingyi's basic knowledge is solid and physics is very good, Lin Zongwei has never heard of these concepts of center of gravity and center of gravity plane.

However, Lin Zongwei did not hide it, and said: "Mr. Lu, what is the center of gravity or something, to be honest, I don't understand it at all." But if you can figure out these things, it will be much easier for us to build ships, and we can estimate many things empirically, and often have to leave a lot of leeway. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "I look at it very well. With the experience of Mr. Lin Zongwei and the theoretical calculations of Mr. Lo Bingyi, we will definitely be able to build the best boat. I think we will build a steel-hulled ship based on the sand boat, and we will also train our team of steel-based shipbuilders, and we can also test our ideas through it. ”

Lin Zongwei and Lu Bingyi both nodded yes.

Fan Chengkun said: "I'm looking forward to starting to build ships as soon as possible." ”

Lu Bingyi said: "We are all in a hurry, and it happened that Mr. Lin Zongwei came, so we discussed together and perfected the design of the ship first." Otherwise, it will be troublesome to change it if you don't get it right, and it won't be fast. ”

Lin Zongwei also said: "You have to think well about the design, and you must not change it in the middle, because when you change it, it is easy to consider it incompletely, and the more you change, the worse it will be." ”

Zhang Zhimu was very happy to see that their opinions were unified. But Zhang Zhimu was still thinking about Lin Zongwei's ** lucky boat that couldn't be launched, and asked: "Mr. Lin, can your ** lucky boat still be repaired?" ”

Lin Zongwei said: "Of course, for more than ten years, our family has not been taken care of, and we often have to sprinkle water to prevent the wood from drying out. ”

Zhang Zhimu asked again: "Can you modify the steam engine?" ”

Zhang Zhimu's words made Lin Zongwei's eyes light up, and he said: "Yes, the unfinished ship is better to change." But the steam engine on your steamship is okay if it is used on the No. 2 Fu ship, but it is not enough to use it on our ** Fu ship. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "This is no problem, the first ship can be equipped with two steam engines, each steam engine can increase the horsepower, and it is more convenient for the ship to turn with twin propellers." ”

Probably no one wants his ship to come back to life more than Lin Zongwei, he said: "Mr. Zhang, I very much hope that my ship can be launched." But Mr. Zhang, that ship is too big to enter the inland rivers in the north at all, even if it enters the Yangtze River, you have to be careful at the mouth of the Yangtze River. ”

Zhang Zhimu respected Lin Zongwei even more, and said: "We don't need to go to the inland rivers in the north, we can use steam ships to go to the ocean, and we can also engage in transportation at sea, so that many things in our south can be transported to the north at any time, and the goods and personnel from the north can also be easily transported to the south." ”

Lin Zongwei was excited to jump out, but he didn't expect Zhang Zhimu to have such a mind. However, thinking of the cost of this ship, he still hesitated and asked: "Mr. Zhang, the ship itself is very expensive, plus the steam engine, it is amazing?" ”

Zhang Zhimu smiled and said: "Mr. Lin just came to our kiln, if you look at the industrial foundation of our kiln, you won't say that." How much silver will it cost to build your ship? ”

Lin Zongwei said: "The estimate is 150,000 taels, but because the imperial court did not allocate the silver in time, it will be calculated by an extra 30,000 taels." At least 180,000 taels. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "Okay, Mr. Lin, let's do this." You are responsible for assisting us in loading two steam engines onto this ship, and I will pay you 200,000 silver, what do you think? ”

When Lin Zongwei heard this, he stood up all of a sudden and said, "Mr. Zhang, you definitely don't need so much silver." ”

Zhang Zhimu stood up, persuaded Lin Zongwei to sit down, and said, "Mr. Lin, you listen to me. We don't need to discuss it in silver, just with your Lin family's persistence in the past ten years, this ship should give your Lin family some returns. I think this ship is called Lin Zongwei, to commemorate the Lin family's relationship with people and ships. ”

Lin Zongwei is now in tears, and said: "My wish in this life is to hope that before I die, I can launch this ship. Saying that, Lin Zongwei couldn't go on with tears in his eyes.

However, Zhang Zhimu's words made the room full of people happy.

Seeing that Lin Zongwei was calmer, Zhang Zhimu said: "Mr. Lin, not only will we launch this ship in the future, but I also want to build a few more such ships." We want to form our own strong fleet and take our business to the whole world. ”

Lin Zongwei said: "If we want to build our own fleet, we need to choose more ship types, some need to be maneuverable, some need to be large, and we need to have the cooperation of lucky ships and sand boats, so that we can give full play to our respective strengths." But Mr. Zhang, that requires a lot of silver. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "We will find a way to make money, but don't forget, the fleet not only spends silver, but also earns silver." ”

After everyone laughed for a while, Zhang Zhimu said: "Mr. Lin, take the time to write a letter to the family, telling the family to take care of the boat, and we can take the test next year at the latest." It is also necessary to keep it secret, so as not to let the bad guys know about it. ”

Lin Zongwei said: "I will write a letter in the evening and let my family know, which has solved a big problem for our Lin family." ”

Shi Tao seemed to be interested in Lin Zongwei's ** lucky boat, and asked: "Mr. Lin, I know that the ** lucky boat is also slightly different, so how big is your lucky boat?" ”

Lin Zongwei said: "Speaking of my boat, it is really a big boat, which is why I have always been unwilling to give up." This ship has three masts, the main mast is four zhang high, the length is twenty zhang, the width is six zhang, the cabin is five layers, and can accommodate 300 people. The mainmast was nearly a foot thick. Originally, it was prepared to be equipped with eight Hongyi cannons and forty thousand-pound Buddha machines. ”

Zhang Zhimu thought for a while, 20 zhang long and 6 zhang wide is a giant ship nearly 70 meters long and 20 meters wide, and it should be a large warship of 5,000 to 6,000 tons. In the future, such a giant ship with new artillery will be a giant of the sea. In the future, when the ship is renovated, it can be equipped with a bulbous nose head, with which the crest and trough of the waves formed by the hull and bulbous nose respectively meet and cancel each other, and at the same time, due to the improvement of its head line, the curvature of the hull part of the waterline is relaxed, and the vortex resistance is reduced. This is all what Zhang Zhimu learned when he was in the shipyard before.

In the end, Zhang Zhimu asked Lin Zongwei to live in Yaogang and study shipbuilding with Lu Bingyi's people.

Fan Chengkun and Shi Tao came to Yaogang this time, and they still have tasks. Shi Tao said: "Mr. Zhang, we have been studying what you told us on the boat, and I think what you said is too right. This time we came over to one of them, we have to define the sign of zero longitude ourselves. We felt that the zero longitude was located at the location of our kiln post, and it would be better to build a landmark building here. In this way, it can also be left to future generations to remember forever. The other thing is the sextant you mentioned last time, and we want to get it this time. In the future, we will have the opportunity to draw a global map and a nautical chart according to the circle of the earth. ”

Zhang Zhimu was very happy to hear what Shi Tao said, and he knew that the navy must have a global concept. Because the navy was also very expensive in the previous life, if it were not for the navy to bring back benefits, it would be difficult for any country to raise a strong navy. With the global concept, the navy can take the merchant fleet and do business all over the world, so that the navy will bring benefits.

Zhang Zhimu said: "I agree with your suggestion about zero longitude, we will set the zero longitude sign in our Yaogang Square, build a monument here, and everyone can take a photo here across the zero longitude line in the future, which can also bring a lot of tourists to Yaogang." ”

After Zhang Zhimu finished speaking, seeing that everyone was looking at him, Fan Chengkun asked: "Mr. Zhang, what do you mean by taking pictures?" ”

Zhang Zhimu knew that he was pouting again, and hurriedly said: "That's the case, we are working on a technique called photography, which is to use something called a camera to take pictures of our real people on a piece of cardboard." This is the photographic technique. "But after saying that, I don't think it's time to start researching photographic technology. The principle of this thing is not difficult, so leave this matter to the children of the breeze.

Everyone was very interested in the photographic technology that Zhang Zhimu said, and Fan Chengkun asked: "Mr. Zhang, when will the photographic technology you said come out?" ”

Zhang Zhimu said with a smile: "It's not easy to say, if you want to talk about technology, it will be very fast; If it doesn't go well, it's hard to say. But I want to make it out, and we soldiers will take a photo of each of them and leave a commemorative memory for everyone. ”

Fan Chengkun said: "Yes, especially our soldiers, if they die one day, it's good to have the original figure." It's not like now, once it's buried, even the shadow is gone. ”

Zhang Zhimu didn't want to talk about this anymore, so he said: "The matter of the sextant, I will study it with you and Sun Liang tomorrow." The telescopes you use are all studied by them. I also told you a secret in advance, Sun Liang and they have developed binoculars, and you can bring a few back this time. There's one more thing that's being worked on, and I think you'll be very interested, and that's optical rangefinders. With this optical rangefinder, you can measure the distance to the target from a long distance. ”

When Shi Tao heard that there was such a thing, he asked, "Mr. Zhang, is it true?" What is the measurement accuracy? ”

After asking, Shi Tao felt that the question was a bit inappropriate, how could Zhang Zhimu tell a lie.

Zhang Zhimu didn't mind replying, "Accuracy, I don't know yet." After Sun Liang and the others figure it out, let's test it together. However, it should meet the needs of artillery shooting. ”

Shi Tao said: "What I mean is to see if we can meet the needs of artillery shooting, and if we can meet the needs of shooting, we can fire the enemy first." That's great. ”

In the evening, Zhang Zhimu, Chen Yufeng, and Ouyang He held a banquet to entertain Fan Chengkun and Lin Zongwei.

Before the banquet, Ouyang He said to Zhang Zhimu: "Mr. Zhang, there is a small problem with the design of your military uniform. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "Ou, what do you say? ”

"That's right, I'm afraid your big cap won't work. Because our hair is in a bun and we can't wear a big cap. ”

"Can we all cut our hair short?"

Ouyang He said: "I'm afraid this won't work. Because everyone thinks that the blood hair is received by the parents, and it should not be cut off. ”

Zhang Zhimu knew that he had made a low-level mistake, and it would not be difficult to cut his hair short now. Even after the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, they cut their hair, and I don't know how many people died because of this. Zhang Zhimu said: "It seems that this matter will be talked about slowly. But I think it's okay to get a rattan hat for each person. Because the rattan hat is enough to resist ordinary bows and arrows, etc., and it is not very heavy. ”

Ouyang He said: "Everything else is fine. I think you're very thoughtful. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "Another point is that we need to formulate a more detailed system for the compensation of military casualties. For wounded soldiers, we must arrange suitable jobs for those who can work. Those who can't work have been supported by us. Their families also have to be raised by us. In particular, we must be responsible for raising their children to adulthood and for providing for their old age. And it is necessary to ensure that their standard of living is not lower than that of the martyrs. In this way, we will create an atmosphere of great honor in participating in our kiln gang army, and also make our kiln gang soldiers themselves have a sense of honor. They will also consciously cherish their own honor. In particular, after the implementation of the military rank system, the status of our military personnel will be greatly enhanced. ”

Fan Chengkun and Shi Tao both learned about the military rank system in advance, and they also felt that this was a good system and a good incentive mechanism for those who were in the army. It can definitely add to their sense of honor.

Fan Chengkun said: "We heard Mr. Ouyang introduce the military rank system, and our navy fully supports this system, especially some people in our navy may not be able to arrange any specific positions, but this person has strong technical ability and old qualifications, so I think it is most appropriate to use the military rank system." We are fully supportive of such a system. ”

Shi Tao said: "I saw the uniform of the navy, it is so beautiful, it seems that Mr. Zhang will spend a lot of silver this time." ”

Everyone laughed happily.

Lin Zongwei said to Zhang Zhimu: "I haven't taken a closer look at the kiln, but just by seeing this, I can say that there is no place like this in our Ming Dynasty." If you look at the people on the street, you rarely see the depressed ones, all of them are full of red light, and they make people happy when they look at them. I told Mr. Lu Bingyi that we would start building our own ship tomorrow. ”

Zhang Zhimu said: "Mr. Lin, you should take your sons to take a good look at the kiln, it just so happens that Shi Tao is also there, you can take a good look together, anyway, the company will arrange a car for you." ”

Lin Zongwei said gratefully: "Okay! Let Mr. Zhang bother. ”

What Zhang Zhimu didn't expect was that when Shi Tao and the others visited the smelting field, they found a treasure.

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Mechanics of Materials, Theoretical Mechanics, Elastic Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics. --Progress of "Memories of the Southern Song Dynasty".