Chapter 5 The War Economy
After three months of operation of the general mobilization system, thanks to Speer's genius efforts, Germany was finally truly built into a state socialism, and the routine of state pricing, channel control, unified purchasing and marketing, and distribution according to demand was played more slippery than that of Comrade Stalin; except for capital and property, which still belonged to individuals, the rest all embarked on the road of state control, and all kinds of daily necessities were basically supplied by ticket according to the actual situation of the population and the family, which was certainly not abundant, but could fully guarantee the needs of life.
In the case of foodstuffs, the Germans, with their characteristic delicacy and scientific spirit, calculated that the caloric ration of the food rationed by the average population remained stable in the range of 2,400-2,450 kcal - a caloric supply that would neither make one gain weight nor starve, on the basis of a suitable amount of activity, but the supply of meat had been reduced and the supply of potatoes had increased, a figure which of course seemed a little shabby compared to the affluent societies of the post-war period, but if one compares the levels of the main belligerents horizontally, This level is not low, at the moment the Soviet Union's food supply is less than 1,800 calories, Britain's local food supply is about 2,100 calories, Germany still maintains a high level, among the major belligerents, only the United States can exceed this level, but the United States is the world's leading developed agricultural country, all consumption is allocated on the premise of huge waste, and on the basis of the high average level of the United States is a profound inequality.
Himmler's SS and Martin Baumann's Gestapo have recently been busy arresting people in concentration camps, this time not the Jews or other minorities, many of whom have been released to work in the mines or on Polish collective farms. Another important source of collective farm labor was the Red Army prisoners transferred from the Eastern Front, but unlike the Soviet Union, which used all the surplus products of the collective farms to be confiscated and state-owned, Speer adopted the practice of giving all the surplus products to the individual laborers after paying the quota. At the same time, the land was cut into relatively small pieces and divided among these people for cultivation, believing that only in this way could they be motivated. As for the whereabouts of the land-owning Poles, Hoffmann did not ask, nor did Speer say much, but a casual thought would have made him know where they were - nothing more than forced labor in the mines and factories of Southeastern Europe and Finland, which Hoffman thought could not say much more - the Polish authorities should have expected such a day when they were in a frenzied persecution of Germans and enemies of the German government before the war, let alone compared to the fact that Hitler killed millions of Poles. Forcing them to work actually saved their lives.
Many concentration camps were closed due to the decline in the number of prisoners, including Auschwitz and Dachau, which Hoffmann was relatively familiar with, although there are still concentration camps in Germany itself. They were all political dissidents in Germany, from the little bourgeois (such as the White Roses) who were brainless and fantasizing about the Anglo-American or Bolsheviks, to profiteers accustomed to hoarding and speculating, and all sorts of people who resisted the general mobilization system. The last group consists of embezzlers within the system, who are investigated and punished for their exploits through a variety of means. In the face of the iron fist of National Socialism, all those who dare to go against the body will not end well. In the words of Martin Bowman, dozens of prominent figures such as generals and marshals in the traitorous group have been sent to the gallows by us, and we are afraid that we will not be able to cure you? As for the corrupt, there are corrupt elements in any government and party, especially when the government is so powerful, and such phenomena are unlikely to be eradicated, regardless of the reputation of Himmler and Martin Baumann in later generations. At least in terms of personal integrity, they are blameless, and they have little interest in corruption and embezzlement. The only one in the senior leadership who was scared was Ribbentrop. After the fall of Goering, his style was the least able to withstand strict scrutiny, and Himmler and Baumann had already vaguely pointed out that they wanted to clean up the portal, but Hoffmann, considering that he had just liquidated the traitorous group, did not want to make such a big move, so he only called Ribbentrop over and gave him a severe lecture, and this guy immediately presented the proceeds of corruption with great interest, and the matter was turned into a small thing - Hoffmann, who was a scholar by training, was gradually adapting to the role of a politician.
On November 8, the 29th anniversary of the beer hall riots, Hofmann was supposed to attend, but he was not as interested in meeting his old party comrades as Hitler was, and asked Goebbels to represent himself on the pretext of tensions (which coincided with Operation Torch). The next day, Dr. Goebbels gave a lecture on general mobilization and all-out war at the Berlin Gymnasium, and although Hoffmann was not present in person, he listened to the whole lecture on the radio - he had seen many excerpts of this speech after the war, but none of them went so deep as today:
"Do you want an all-out war? Do you want the war to be more general and thorough than we think? β
The audience answered this question with tsunami of support and thunderous applause.
"I ask you: ...... If the FΓΌhrer and the country need it, will you work ten, twelve, or even fourteen hours a day, and give everything for victory? β
"Yes!"
After the speech, Goebbels ordered the closure of all luxury hotels and entertainment venues in Berlin, took the lead in eliminating spacious living rooms and high-end refreshments, and publicized it widely through documentaries, setting off an upsurge in the austere movement among the top members of the political arena.
This speech on all-out war was several months earlier than that in history, and there was no news of the defeat at Stalingrad, but it was entirely Hoffmann's hope to have a deeper understanding of the national reaction after the general mobilization system, and his hope to judge and grasp the social impact of punishing the "traitorous group" and to deploy it in advance. The admiration and enthusiasm for the Fendernaire remained undiminished, and all genuinely believed in the slogans of the millennium of reich building and the future leaders of the European Union β in stark contrast to the pre-Hofmann German society, whose later social and political life seemed to Hoffmann to be a complete joke.
In many cases, he himself was terrified - according to the strengthened general mobilization system, in 1943 and 1944 Germany would be completely transformed into a military industrial country, although there might be a growth of more than 25% by GDP standards (of which the value of military industrial output would be doubled), but the economic structure was completely deformed, and its deformity was far greater than that of the collapse of the Soviet Union: German agriculture could only maintain a low level of national needs, light industry, consumer goods, and most of the raw materials would depend on imports and supply from the controlled areas. The vast majority of women of working age will go to the production line.
However, correspondingly, with the increasingly strict system and strengthened management, 95% of the German people finally live the life they want, as long as you work hard, everything, including clothing, food, shelter and other everything will be arranged by the state for you, the living and consumption levels of ordinary people will basically converge, the price is also locked, if you want to pay a high price for additional acquisition, this is of course a sign of no freedom, but in the words of the elderly German - thank you, we don't need poverty, hunger, wandering, or the freedom to queue for alms!
In his report to Hoffmann, Speer pointed out that the labor force serving in the fields of brewing, ceramics, clothing, food, glass, leather, paper, printing, textiles, etc. has been reduced from 1.7 million to 1.3 million, and almost all of them are strong laborers over the age of 35 and under 50 - because they can also adapt to other positions through job transfer and training, the labor force in the military industry has increased from 56.7% in the previous year to 60%, and the employment of women has increased from about 14 million to 15.2 million. Some of them have entered the field of consumer industry, and some have entered the field of management and service, especially since the positions that used to be both male and female have basically been replaced by women.
Hoffman understands the truth about this, and there are more than 10,000 women in the Air Force's auxiliary personnel responsible for radar command and combat guidance, and other positions such as wire operators, service attendants, and bus drivers have become women. Unemployment is no longer there in Germany, and everyone is able to find a job as long as they are able-bodied, and even vagrants and beggars are forcibly escorted and taken into labor by the Gestapo - this is of course inhumane and unhumane, but it is not surprising given the considerations of the wartime system.
"There are still certain blind spots and drawbacks in mobilization, but I think these can be overcome." Despite the enormous workload, Speer was in a constant state of euphoria, and Hoffmann's authorization and appointment of him was completely unconditional and unreserved, which he himself found very strange.
"I believe in you." Hoffman put down a bunch of tables, "Next year will be a decisive and critical year in the big war, and whether or not the strategic goal is perfectly achieved depends on it, and strive to grow by 30-35% on the basis of this year's growth, of which the main military industrial equipment will achieve a growth of 100-200%." β
"I thought you'd take 50 percent." Speer laughs, "50% of the time." β
"It's better to bring Italy up first, the territory is in your hands and you can get it whenever you want, and the Italian side must do it before Mussolini changes his mind."
"Will something happen in Italy?" Speer was taken aback.
"Not for the time being, but it won't be ......safe after the war in North Africa is over," Hoffman said slowly, "this time the Americans tricked them into going to Egypt, but I have a hunch that the Americans will definitely land again, and that's when the real trouble is." (To be continued.) )