Sailing is a game for the brave, in the 15th and 17th centuries, when the European Age of Navigation began, it became a hotbed for many adventurers, perhaps, in the hearts of Europeans, there are always some crazy things, these things, let them dare to challenge everything.

Compared with the land, the sea is full of inexplicable dangers, on the continent, except for a few harsh areas, other places, can survive, primitive people can hunt or collect from the forest, the danger of animals and humans, I am afraid to occupy the vast majority of the land.

But in the ocean, the ocean itself is a danger, people can survive on the land, as long as they are down-to-earth and do not run to high places, the land itself will not pose a threat, but the sea is different, the flowing sea water itself is a threat.

The maximum time that human beings can survive in the sea is not long, and the Guinness World Record is only half an hour, which is also the source of the danger of the sea.

In fact, the windless three-foot waves are talking about the sea, although the Pacific Ocean is far less turbulent than the Atlantic Ocean, but under the calm sea level, there are countless killing opportunities.

Because of Zhao Xin's deep understanding of the sea, he made full preparations for exploration.

If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools, and if you want to conquer the sea, you must have excellent ships, which is not a problem for the Dinghai Navy, and it is not a problem to get drunk, and the Spanish galleon of the stage of complete completion is even stronger than the Spanish galleon that was once at its peak.

The application of the watertight silo has improved the anti-sinking performance, for the wooden boat, it is not easy to sink, and the watertight silo is stable and has an unexpected degree of resistance, which makes the possibility of sinking a lot lower.

In addition to the watertight warehouse, the use of various small electrical appliances, such as pumps, even if it is only small, does not last long, for sailing, encountered emergencies, the effect is also very good, the same way, the reduction of various manpower, to a certain extent, to enhance the efficiency of the Spanish galleon.

Not to mention, now, the clipper ship, which has been basically completed, this kind of ship in the age of sails, which is the most suitable for exploration, the fastest, and the water holding capacity is not high, his seaworthiness is very good, coupled with the terrible speed, this will become the best tool for exploring nautical charts.

In addition to sea vessels, there are also the most excellent measuring tools, the sextant, which only appeared in the peak era of the Age of Discovery, coupled with the longitude and latitude of clear charts, the combination of the two, will accurately judge the direction, which is not so obvious for navigation in the area, the familiar part of the navigation, for the familiar outside, in the unfamiliar sea exploration, it is simply a godsend.

With excellent ships and mature surveying tools, he already has most of the conditions needed for exploration, not to mention the current Dingjun, and has a prophet like Zhao Xin.

In addition to preparing ships and surveying means, Zhao Xin also had another means, as a traverser, in the era when the consultation was most developed in later generations, Zhao Xin was very clear about the location of the seven continents and the four oceans in the world.

Perhaps, he can't figure out the standard, accurate scale and latitude and longitude, at most he knows some famous ones, for example, the coordinates of the north-south dimension and the east-west dimension of the whole of China, as well as the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer equator, you say that an unknown island in the vast Pacific Ocean, it is already good to be able to know the name, and the latitude and longitude are accurate, don't make trouble.

Historically, the latitude and longitude are not to mention the dimensions, they are the earth itself, and they are not transferred by anything, where they are, how many degrees, how many degrees, but the longitude is different.

The zero longitude line, which is 0 degrees from the position of Greenwich, the capital of the United Kingdom, also creates an illusory international date line in the Pacific Ocean.

Now, there is no need to think about these, and directly set the position of the navy as zero degrees, so some adjustments must be made, even if Zhao Xin clearly remembers that the latitude and longitude of the island also need to be converted.

To be honest, the islands in the Pacific Ocean, if you want to talk about latitude and longitude, Zhao Xin really remembers one, that is, the famous tourist attraction Hawaii.

At that time, when I was traveling, I carefully investigated some of the coordinates of Hawaii and history, and the latitude and longitude were also clearly remembered, 21 degrees north latitude and 157 degrees west longitude.

In terms of dimensions, he should be under the same latitude and longitude as Taiwan, but he is deep in the depths of the ocean.

If you talk about the route to the Americas, Hawaii is an indispensable node, and after knowing his precise latitude and longitude, it is much easier to find him, use him as the central axis, and then go to the Americas.

It's a pity that after careful consideration, Zhao Xin still gave up, even Southeast Asia can't take care of it because of the relationship beyond the reach of the whip, let alone Hawaii, similarly, there are islands in front of Hawaii as a transit, but after Hawaii, thousands of nautical miles away, there are really not too many islands, a vast ocean, how much does it cost to reach the other side of the ocean.

Or in the north, it is much easier to follow the Kuril Islands and the Aleutian Islands, and under the premise that the islands are relatively dense, no more than 500 nautical miles, there is no need to worry about getting lost, but this process of exploration is still quite difficult.

In Japan, Hokkaido is already the northernmost large island in Japan, Hokkaido is the largest island in Japan, but the history of incorporation into Japan is really not long, even in the Warring States period of Japan, correspondingly, that is, in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Hokkaido is also called an alien race, the main race should be the descendants of the Caucasian people living in Siberia, tall, with obvious Caucasian characteristics.

To the north of Hokkaido, in fact, there is still Japanese territory, along Hokkaido to the north, there is a series of islands, this is called the Kuril Islands in later generations, it is the longest and most fragmented archipelago in Japan, and at the same time, in this archipelago, there are disputes, among which the four northern islands between Japan and Russia are also the key.

In itself, it is located in a remote area, and there is no desert island with no resources, Russia is ready to return it to Japan, but on the island, precious resources were found, and in the end, the two sides launched a series of battles around this island, but in the end, there was no result.

At the end of the Kuril Islands, which is one of the easternmost peninsulas of Eurasia, the Kamchatka Peninsula, this huge, deep peninsula in the Balance Ocean, is a huge marker, that is, to the north, to get here, you can do it.

Then the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka Peninsula continue to the north, and that is a chain of Aleutian Islands. This archipelago, like a curved rainbow, stretches from the Americas all the way to the Kamchatka Peninsula in Eurasia, and the closest place is very close to the Kamchatka Peninsula.

In this case, this is a clear nautical chart, even if Zhao Xin does not have a standard scale accurate map, but can draw the general direction, with these, and the exploration of nothing, it is completely different, which greatly reduces the difficulty of exploration.

In fact, after taking Hokkaido, the exploration of the Kuril Islands has continued, after all, Hokkaido is a world-class fishing ground, sometimes, not in a relatively close place in Hokkaido, but in a relatively distant place, if it is said that at sea, there is a temporary supply point, or a safe haven, it is also very important for fishing in Hokkaido, a large number of fishing boats, after a certain measurement, even long-term fishing, also found some islands.

Then, based on these islands, the continued exploration is regarded as going deep into the north about 500 kilometers, exploring hundreds of islands of different sizes, and also selecting some of the islands suitable for construction and investment, these islands, some of which have become the basis of the ocean fishery, after all, from the premise that there are more and more fishing boats in Hokkaido, especially in Hokkaido, although the memory of the fish is only 7 seconds, but for a long time, it will instinctively avoid, then gradually go deep into the deep sea, and the fish catch will decline. Forcing them to continue to move towards the deep sea, among the Kuril Islands, it should be a good choice to choose something suitable and build a supply port or base.

Even if this supply port is set up for the fishing industry, not for ocean exploration, but this is it, there is already a huge foundation.

Huludao's Ship Research Institute, because of the relationship between policy and financial tendencies, began to tilt towards the clipper ship in an all-round way, because the various sub-projects have been in place, even the most difficult hollow bow, has been completed, but after calculation, the amplitude and position of the hollow are selected to ensure that the smooth performance is still guaranteed under the premise of the bow rising.

The clipper is a high-speed vessel, but it is also one of the ocean-going vessels, and without the seaworthiness of high sea conditions, then the ship is not of much use.

Because of the reduction of the superstructure and the fact that it is closer to the water, the clipper ship cannot ride the wind and waves like the warships of later generations, and it can still be stable under the condition of high sea conditions, but some necessary settings make the center of gravity more stable and more suitable for sea navigation, which is true.

When it comes to the setting of the sail, once the hull and the overall shape come out, the sail is the simplest, because the Dinghai has popularized education, the modern discipline system has been established, and physics has been boosted by Zhao Xin, at least in classical physics, it has entered a rather deep level.

Perhaps, it is very difficult to calculate the operation of some molecules, quantum mechanics and other things, but under the existing drawings and experiments, it is quite excellent to calculate how to arrange the sail, how to arrange the sail with the highest stress area, and how to arrange it to be more flexible and maneuverable.

Almost at the same time as the hull plan was taken out, several choices about the sail structure have been made, if it is replaced by a weaker force, it will be selected from the middle, and the most cost-effective choice will be chosen, but for the Dinghai Navy, the industry itself has reached the current level, but it is just a few choices, and it would be good to build them all, if it really doesn't work, study and scrap it out.

The shipyard of the Dinghai Navy, after determining the drawings, began to build, the shipyard took some of the top masters, and a large number of senior technicians, even if it was in an ordinary way, in order to build these clippers, it took not a long time, not to mention, the introduction of assembly line technology, even if not skilled, a 400-ton clipping ship, it only took 13 days to launch.

It is somewhat similar to the Spanish sailboat, it is also a soft sail, and the number of sails is far more than that of ordinary sails, but the clipper ship has reduced a lot in terms of control and personnel.

Even if a lot of electric equipment is added, the rated crew of the Spanish sailing ship has been reduced by 6 percent, but it still needs about 50 people, but the clipper boat, can be reduced to about 20 people, which is a huge reduction, if it is said that when a large number of electric equipment is popularized, this number can be reduced, and it may eventually be below 15, or even lower.

Everything in the navy has been systematized, from the drawings, to the construction, and the sea trials after the construction is completed, logically, for this most important ship, the most elite seafarers were dispatched, and then carried out uninterrupted tests.

In the Bohai Sea, the thorough exploration has been completed, and the safety is guaranteed, so the replacement of people does not change ships, 24 hours a day uninterrupted testing, and soon, a lot of problems were found.

Because of Zhao Xin's attention, all kinds of designers and engineers are almost waiting for the results of sea trials in the port, you know, such several types of ships, not just build one at a time, that is 10 ships as a group, one ship will not encounter problems, 10 ships, day and night testing, there will definitely be problems.

Some problems are structural problems, or problems with the hull itself, which have nothing to do with the design, at most they can be avoided in the future, and this kind of problem will be recorded and avoided in the future in design or production.

Soon, at least a dozen technical innovations appeared, a large-scale revision was made without shaking the large structure of the ship, and along with the tests, the model of the future nautical charts and the clipper ship of the American continent was determined.

At the same time, in the Ship Research Institute, specifically for the characteristics and characteristics of the clipper, some electrical and mechanical integration has been carried out, because the clipper uses very few personnel, coupled with the limited tonnage, most of the 400-ton ship is occupied by the hull and sail, leaving not much for the cargo and other things, which needs to be considered by the general judgment.

The scientific method is like this, increasing efficiency, but it is not disorderly amplification, it is orderly, purposeful amplification, and the clipper, also under this method, rapid improvement, as long as the sea trial and modification come to an end, the clipper will be completely finalized, large-scale production.

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