About Chapter 49 Synopsis: The former Qin Emperor Fu Jian saw Fu Rong retreat to Shouyang, and heard that the forward Liang Cheng's department was defeated by the Eastern Jin Dynasty army, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty army had camped on the east bank of Feishui, and was greatly surprised, so he led the Wenchen military generals to climb the city wall to check the enemy's situation, because he was worried about the Luojian fiasco, Fu Jian mistakenly took the grass and trees on Bagong Mountain as the Eastern Jin Dynasty soldiers, so he ordered the soldiers to camp on the west bank of the river, resulting in a scene where the two armies camped and confronted each other only across the river. The Eastern Jin Dynasty general Xie Xuan was anxious to fight, and sent an envoy to Shouyang to meet Fu Jian to discuss the decisive battle, Fu Jian relied on his many generals, proposed that his troops retreat, vacate the decisive battlefield, and issued an order to move the formation the next day, 300,000 former Qin soldiers began to retreat, and the decisive battle between the two armies was about to break out.

In this story, Fu Jian was afraid that Xie Xuan would take advantage of his crossing of the river to send troops to attack, so he put forward the idea of leading the army to retreat and the two armies to fight each other, and Xie Xuan's envoy agreed. Here, the envoy of the Eastern Jin Dynasty first proposed to retreat from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and after being denied by Fu Jian, he agreed with Fu Jian's idea, so what exactly did Xie Xuan, the main general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, do, we don't know, history has long been in the past.

But after the victory in Luojian, Xie Xuan must have known that the general Zhu Xu did not deceive him, and he also saw that the former Qin army was strong and middle-class, with a huge number of people in vain, but no strong combat effectiveness, then, the eagerness to seek war should be what Xie Xuan really wanted, so whether it was the Eastern Jin Dynasty army moving or the former Qin army moving the formation, Xie Xuan must not care, as long as he could quickly fight a decisive battle, there should be a way to achieve victory. All in all, ending the war as soon as possible is not only expected by the former Qin, but also expected by the Eastern Jin Dynasty, if the army of the Eastern Jin Dynasty adopts the strategy of holding on to the tired ground, although the hope of victory is also great, but the tug-of-war is also a huge consumption of national strength, and if you can grasp the quick victory, Xie Xuan will naturally not let go of the opportunity. Moreover, when Xie Xuan led the army to the front line of Weishui, more than 100,000 sailors led by Shi Huanchong, the Jiangzhou assassin of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, went north to conquer the former Qin at the same time, which greatly relieved the pressure on the Beifu soldiers led by Xie Xuan and greatly slowed down the speed of the gathering of the former Qin army, so Xie Xuan had confidence in the decisive battle between the two armies.

To sum up, which side moves the formation, it is not important to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, since Fu Jian wants to move back in his own direction, then let it go, as long as the two armies can quickly contact, Xie Xuan's 80,000 people are gone, Fu Jian's army will inevitably be greatly consumed, and the more than 100,000 water troops of Jiangzhou Assassin Shi Huanchong and other local armies in Jiangnan will also be able to stabilize the overall situation. Therefore, the 80,000 soldiers of the Beifu Army on the front line of Shouyang should be regarded as death, and the former Qin army was forced to enlist because of its large number, and the climate in the south of the Yangtze River in winter must have made these northern soldiers suffer enough, and their morale will inevitably be low.

Speaking of which, the entire process of the battle of Weishui was basically over, after the unexplained retreat of the current Qin army began, the entire former Qin army fell into a state of chaos, and the 80,000 Beifu soldiers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty began to attack frantically, and the entire battle was overwhelmingly in the hands of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In the history of our country, there are countless examples of the victory of the northern army over the southern army, and most of the unification wars of the dynasties have been carried out in the way that the northern court defeated the southern court. Nowadays, people conclude that the reason for this situation is nothing more than that the war cost of the northern army attacking the south is cheaper, that is to say, the northern army is carrying out the southern expedition, because the southern climate is warm, the army's logistical supply pressure is very small, and the southern army's northern expedition, the northern region's climate is harsh, and the southern army's logistical supply pressure is very great, so there are more cases of the northern army defeating the southern army.

Of course, I do not deny that the victory of the northern army over the south is more due to the fact that the cost of war is lower, but I also think that most of the northern dynasties were able to complete the war of unification and have a lot to do with the fact that the core area of our Chinese culture is in the north, because the birthplace of our Chinese civilization is in the northern region, and most of the imperial courts that call the king and emperor in the northern region represent the orthodox regime of Chinese culture, which should be recognized by the people of all ethnic groups in ancient China, and the development of the southern region in ancient China is not ideal. It is even said to be extremely backward, so the dynasties of the north are often easy to establish a unified state.

However, there are two special periods in the history of our country, one is the unification war of the Jin Dynasty against the Southern Song Dynasty established by the Jurchen Wanyan Department, and the other is the unification war of the Former Qin Empire against the Eastern Jin Dynasty that we are talking about now, the Jin Dynasty and the former Qin Empire located in the north were defeated by the Southern Song Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River.

The Jin Dynasty and the former Qin Empire were founded by nomadic people, and these two northern dynasties were in the complete occupation of the northern region, non-stop launched a war of unification to the Jiangnan region, on the other hand, their opponents, the Southern Song Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty, are the continuation of the unified dynasty that has been operating in the northern region for decades, and these two dynasties were founded by the ancestors of the Han people, because the Jin Dynasty and the former Qin Empire in the northern region of the operation time is too short, Chinese culture has not had a deep influence on these two dynasties, However, the Southern Song Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty represented the role of the inheritors of Chinese culture at that time, and their cultural heritage was much higher than that of the Jin Dynasty established by the Jurchen Wanyan Department and the Former Qin Empire established by the Di people, so in history, the southern expeditions of the two northern dynasties ended in failure.

After the great ethnic integration of the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, although the northern region experienced the rule of several dynasties, there were divisions and combinations, but the culture of the people of all ethnic groups in the northern region began to form a new Chinese culture, and although the Southern Chen Dynasty at that time was the continuation of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was already under the baptism of time, and the old Chinese culture represented by it could not keep pace with the times, and was finally destroyed in a very short period of time. Similarly, the Yuan Dynasty established by the Mongols also began to inject new elements into Chinese culture after defeating the Jin Dynasty and the Western Xia Dynasty and occupying the northern region, while the Southern Song Dynasty gradually failed to gain the recognition of Chinese culture in the south of the Yangtze River and eventually perished. The Yuan Dynasty's rule over the land of China collapsed. This has given rise to a special historical problem, that is, for the first time in the history of our country, there was a situation in which the southern army of the Ming Dynasty successfully went on a northern expedition, and the Yuan Dynasty, which occupied the northern region, was defeated by the Ming Dynasty that rose in the southern region, which was of course a special case of the southern army defeating the northern army.

From the rise in the southern region, the Ming Dynasty founded by the Han ancestors replaced the Yuan Dynasty and became a new unified dynasty in the history of our country, we can also look at this problem from a cultural point of view, that is, the Mongolian rulers who were unwilling to accept Chinese culture were difficult to rule the vast number of Han ancestors culturally, and the high-pressure ethnic policy made the Han ancestors completely disappointed in the Yuan Dynasty, and after a hundred years, the majority of Han ancestors gradually accepted the Chinese culture intervened by the Mongols. The Mongol rulers were still unwilling to accept Chinese culture, so culturally, the Ming Dynasty established by the Han ancestors had far surpassed the Yuan Dynasty, although in terms of military strength, the Ming Dynasty could not completely and completely destroy the Yuan Dynasty, but in the end the Yuan Dynasty was driven back to his hometown. It was not until the end of the Ming Dynasty that the Qing Dynasty, which was established by nomads, could also become the Later Jin regime at that time, and fully accepted Chinese culture culturally, and was not inferior to the Mongols who were also nomads in terms of military strength, so the Mongols completely accepted Chinese culture and became a part of the Chinese nation.

Regarding the unification war of the northern and southern dynasties, in addition to the above three examples, the southern dynasty won the war against the northern dynasty, and the unification war between the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Liu Song Dynasty in the early days of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which also followed the law of cultural superiority. The defeat of the Northern Wei Dynasty's southern expedition was also caused by the Xianbei Tuoba Tribe, which founded the Northern Wei Dynasty, and its own lack of deep acceptance of Chinese culture.

Having said so much about the special case of the Southern Dynasty's victory over the Northern Dynasty, people don't seem to know too much now, but in the history of our country, there is a special case of the Southern Army defeating the Northern Army, which is a war story that women and children know throughout the ages, that is, the Battle of Chibi during the Three Kingdoms period, this war is well known to the majority of Chinese people because of the wide dissemination of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", in fact, this war was carried out in a very special context, Cao Cao who occupied the north and Sun Quan who occupied the south, On the surface, they all represent the Chinese culture at that time, but the social background at that time was the transition period when the landlord class of the scholar clan began to embark on the historical stage, and the Soochow regime in the south relied on the support of the clans in the south of the Yangtze River, so Cao Cao, who wanted to build a dynasty belonging to the children of the Han family, was finally defeated, and the trend of the Three Kingdoms was formed.