At the end of the first year of Jin Yanping, on the day of Bingshen in the lunar month, Pei should be on the Zen platform, Sima Ye stood in the north, Hua Hengjin offered the jade seal, and the ministers called long live. [With _ dream]е immediately sacrificed to the heavens and was ordered, practiced Zuo ascended the throne, the founding number of the country was "Hua", and the next day, that is, the New Year's Day, was the first year of Jingde.

Sima Ye, the lord of the Jin Dynasty, was the Duke of Gao Ping.

Someone once suggested that it would be better to pay the lord of Jin as the king, so Pei should ask: "Why is Wei Shou Han Chan and not the emperor?" "The Zen of the Han and Wei dynasties is the source, and it should be followed by its canonical system.

Pei Wei replied to Zhou Li and Jian Sanke, but he got Pei Gai's approval. The so-called "three ke" refers to the construction of the Zhou Dynasty, that is, to maintain the sacrifices of the first three dynasties, and to establish a state in the feudal state of its descendants, in order to show the orderly inheritance. However, the specific three Ke have always been disagreed, or after Yunfeng Yu, Xia, and Shang in Chen, Qi, and Song, or after Yunfeng Huangdi, Yao, and Shun in Ji, Zhu, and Chen, Zeqi and Song are the two kings, and they are not in the Sanke.

So most of it is a concept created by Confucianism or some other "son" in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Pei should not be interested in the old rites, and tried his best to cut down the complexity and simplify, and abandon those things that were purely face-saving projects, but this will inevitably cause dissatisfaction among the scholar class, thinking that the new dynasty does not pay attention to "etiquette". Therefore, for things like Jiansanke, which are beneficial and costless-not really built a feudal country, but just an extra share of money-he also pinched his nose and approved.

Before the Chinese Dynasty, the three Ke should refer to the Han, Wei, and Jin. In that year, Emperor Chan of the Han Dynasty was demoted to the Duke of Shanyang, and the five passes were not in the "difficulty of Yongjia", Pei Wei and others found a person named Liu Sai, inheriting the Duke of Shanyang. After Emperor Yuan of Wei Yuan, he was demoted to the title of King Chen Liu, and the two passed were not in the "difficulty of Yongjia", and he found Cao Cao's great-grandson Cao Mao and was named Chen Liugong. It is and Gaoping Company Ma Ye, for its three ke.

From the Wei system, the three Ke can be the Son of Heaven of the suburban sacrifice, the book is not called a minister, Kyoto has something to do in the temple, then to the gloss.

The capital of the Hua Dynasty either decided to keep Luoyang or move to Chang'an. The reason for the former is that since the Later Han Dynasty, Luoyang has been the capital of the three dynasties and lives in the world, so it should be followed; Moreover, the thieves have not been extinguished, and the state has used troops in the east, and the imperial court officials live in Chang'an, which is too far away. The reason for the latter is that Chang'an is the foundation of Pei's prosperity, and its rule in Luozhong is still too weak.

Pei Gai himself was inclined to Chang'an, because he felt that the war in the eastern part of the country could not last too long, and the center of the new dynasty should also be moved westward, one to calm the Guanxi region, which was powerful in Rongdi, and the other to facilitate the continuation of the development to the Western Regions after taking Liangzhou, and recovering the largest territory since the Han Dynasty. But for now, I should still sit in Luoyang - the weaker I am, the more I need the Son of Heaven to calm down personally. So he said to the ministers: "In the past, Zhou won the world, and also restored the two capitals, why can't I have both?" ”

The former capital of Zhou, that is, named Zhou, after King Wen destroyed Chong, built Fengjing on the west bank of Fengshui, and King Wu built Haojing in the northwest of Fengjing before cutting merchants, and called Zong Zhou. When the dynasty was captured, nominally the small state of Zhou Dynasty was a big country merchant and the co-lord of the world, in order to calm the hometown of Yin Shang, Luoyi was built as the new capital, and the name was Cheng Zhou. Most of the dynasties thought that the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty was in Zongzhou, but according to the research of Jin Wen in later generations, in fact, Zhou became king for five years, that is, moved from Zongzhou to Chengzhou, so it can be roughly judged that when the Western Zhou Dynasty, both were equally important.

Later, Liu Bang was proclaimed emperor, the first capital was Luoyang, and he returned to Chang'an, but Luoyang's status was still higher than that of ordinary counties. Although the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty was Luoyang, it followed the name of Jingzhao of the Western Han Dynasty around Chang'an, and Henan and Jingzhao were juxtaposed. In the future, those who set the capital in Guanzhong often have to set up a companion capital in the so-called "middle of the world" - for example, in the Sui and Tang dynasties, Luoyang was the eastern capital, during which Li Zhi and Wu Cao often lived in the eastern capital, and after the establishment of Wu Zhou, Luoyang was directly designated as the capital and the god capital.

Therefore, Pei Gai proposed to juxtapose the two capitals, but did not encounter much resistance, but set Chang'an as Xijing and Luoyang as the eastern capital. He planned to destroy the Zhao Dynasty and the financial situation improved greatly, so he ordered people to build a new capital south of Longshouyuan, where the city of Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty was located, that is, to officially move in from Luoyang. Now he ordered Xun Song to stay in Xijing.

Respect the emperor Gaozu Pei Mao as the holy emperor, the emperor's great-grandfather Pei Qian as the emperor, the emperor Pei Xiu as the emperor, the emperor Pei Xiu as the emperor, the emperor Pei Song as the emperor of the lie, and the imperial brother Pei Song as the king.

Pei should be the only wife and a son, so it is logical that Xun should be canonized as the queen and Pei Jian as the prince. It's just that Xun's mother and son are still in Guanzhong and have not arrived in Luoyang - because the daughter is still young, the mother is really inseparable, and it is inconvenient to take the daughter to travel far away - so the canonization ceremony was postponed for the time being.

Reorganized the imperial court bureaucracy, and officially abolished the system of three princes and nine secretaries in the central government, and on the basis of the six ministries of three provinces in later generations, the system of six provinces and ten ministries was established. The so-called six provinces are Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province, Shangshu Province, Privy Province, Yushi Province and Secretary Province.

Zhongshu and other three provinces also had the old system since the Wei and Jin dynasties, but their structure was more rigorous, and gradually moved closer to the Sui and Tang dynasties. Among them, the Zhongshu Province is in charge of confidential and government decrees, with the left and right servants as their chiefs, and there are posts such as squires and sherens; The province is in charge of the review and refutation of the edict, with the left and right servants as their chiefs, and there are posts such as waiters and permanent attendants; Shangshu Province is in charge of civil affairs, with left and right servants as its chief, and there are six departments.

The Privy Council is a new creation of Pei Gai, in charge of the military, with the Privy Envoy as the main officer, and the Privy Envoy as his adjutantant, with four ministries.

Of course, this is just an ideal, and in the current situation, the imperial court structure must also maintain the form of a semi-military junta. Under the rule of Pei Gai, the powerful founding monarch, the Zhongshu only undertook the will, and the subordinates mainly faced the subordinates and did not dare to face the superiors, and the Shangshu and the Privy Council were the most powerful and critical departments.

It is Wang Zhuo and Pei Xu, Hua Heng and Zu Na are in charge, Pei Wei and Yin Qiao are in charge of Shangshu, and Tao Kan and Guo Mo are in charge of the privy.

These four provinces are the most expensive, and their governors, including servants, servants and privy envoys, a total of seven people, are all listed as the three ranks, and are prime ministers. As for the chairman of the Council of State, it is held by seven people in rotation, and one round is exactly seven days, which is the number of the seven days of "the sun, the moon, fire, water, wood, metal, and earth......

The Imperial History Province is the old Imperial History Mansion, in charge of supervision, supervising hundreds of officials - mainly internally, its original Chang'an Xingtai engaged in the external intelligence work that Zhonglang was responsible for, and after the split, it was transferred to the Ministry of Rites of Shangshu Province, and the Privy Department of the Province - with the Imperial History of the Doctor as its chief official, is the fourth product, and the Imperial History Zhongcheng is its adjutant, and there are subordinate posts such as serving the Imperial History, serving the Imperial History in the Palace, supervising the Imperial History, and inspecting the Imperial History. The first imperial historian was Xun Min, and the imperial historian was Xiong Yuan.

The secretary province is responsible for the clerical work of the Son of Heaven, with the secretary secretary as his chief official, the fifth grade, and the secretary supervisor as his adjutant. The first secretary is naturally Guo Pu, and the secretary is Hu Fei.

The six parts of its Shangshu are: the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Worship and the affairs of vassals and foreign countries; The Ministry of Officials is in charge of elections, examinations, and the appointment and dismissal of officials, and the transfer of officials; The degree department is in charge of household registration, finance and taxation; The Criminal Department is in charge of criminal punishment, litigation and other matters; Ministry of Engineering, in charge of construction, repair and other matters; Yu Ministry, Zhangshan Forest, Water, Mineral Deposits and Circulation - The Commercial Department of the Old Chang'an Xingtai was merged into the Yu Ministry.

Its four privy departments are: the military department, which is in charge of military affairs; Pivotal, in charge of military orders; Police Department: in charge of local security and county garrisons; Tunbu, in charge of military tun, mintun and other things - the old Chang'an Xingtai Xingtai line department was merged into the Shangshu Rite Department.

These ten departments are all based on Shangshu as the chief official of the department, from the third grade, and the waiter is the deputy; The subordinates are also sub-directors, with Lang Zhong as the chief officer of the division, from the five products, Cheng as the deputy, and the subordinate director, Ling Shi and other positions, most of which are old people in Xingtai, and also use some old officials of Shangshu - for example, Zhang Yi, Sun Zhen, etc.

The local administration was the same for the time being, but Pei Gai consulted with the ministers and planned to restore the system of the former Han Dynasty after the world was settled, and the situation permitted, that is, the state was abolished and only the county and county levels were established; However, some counties with prosperous populations and important status were renamed states, which were half a level higher than ordinary counties. For example, Jingzhao is changed to Yongzhou, Henan is Luozhou, Hedong is Fenzhou, Hanoi is Qinzhou, Xingyang is Zhengzhou, Chenliu is Bianzhou, Yingchuan is Xuzhou, Wei County is Weizhou, Fanyang is Zhuozhou, Hanzhong is Liangzhou, Shu County is Yizhou, Jiangling is Jingzhou, and Danyang is Yangzhou...... Wait a minute.

The history of the state life is from the five products; The county order is too guarded, and it is from the six grades, and the county is appointed regardless of size, and the county order is appointed from the sixth grade to the eighth grade. The county is more divided into a capital and many townships, and the imperial court directly ordered the pavilion chief, which is from the nine products.

In addition, it was proposed to set up a supervision road in the prefecture and county, and the imperial history province was sent to inspect the imperial history (Zheng from the seven products), responsible for the supervision of officials and the visit of the people's customs - just like the history of the Han Dynasty, the dethroned envoy of the Tang Dynasty, and the governor of the early Ming Dynasty.

The old Yong, Qin and Hanzhong counties will be Shaanxi Province; Liangzhou is Pingliang Road; Take Liang (except Hanzhong County) and Yier Prefecture as Bashu Road; Between the Yellow River and Taihang is Shanxi Road; The three prefectures of Si, Yan and Henan south of the Yellow River are Henan Province; North of the Yellow River and east of Taihang is Hebei Road; The eastern part of Youzhou and Pingzhou are Liaoning Road; Qingzhou is Shandong Province; Xuzhou is Huaidong Road; Jingzhou is Hubei Province; Xiangzhou is Hunan Province; Yangzhou is Jiangnan Province; Jiangzhou is Jiangxi Province; Guangzhou is Canton Road; Jiaozhou is Guangxi Province; Ningzhou is Yunnan Province; To be collected in the Western Regions, it will be named Xinjiang Province.

- Most of them are because Pei Gai insisted on giving the name of the province similar to that before the crossing, and he himself will find it more cordial and convenient to use.

As mentioned above, the rank system was completely abolished, and all officials were distinguished by rank, from the first rank to the ninth rank, a total of eighteen ranks, and the ministry was hired according to the talent, or from the idle to the drama, or to the high and low, from the move in and out, uneven. Those who are high in their ministry are called "keep", and those who are lowly in ministry are called "do". The eighteenth rank of its martial arts has its own name, which is a military rank, which is marshal, Yuan Rong, general, general, lieutenant general, major general, colonel, colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain, captain, lieutenant, second lieutenant, sergeant, sergeant, sergeant, and sergeant.

At present, only Zu Ti is the highest marshal, and Tao Kan is just Yuan Rong.

Civil and military officials, whose high grade (above three grades) have no loose officials, plus above this product, to show respect. For example, civil officials are the first to be the prince, that is, the Taishi, the Taifu, and the Taibao; From one product to the public, that is, the young master, the young master, the young guarantee; is the second product than the public, Situ, Sikong, Yi with the three divisions; From the second grade to Shangqing, Guanglu Doctor, Loose Rider Attendant, Special Advance; is the third product for the Qing, Taichang, Guangluxun, Weiwei; From the three products than the Qing, the servant, the court captain, the young house.

The military attache is a member of the Shangzhu State, a general, and a captain; From the first rank of the hussar general, the chariot general, the Wei general; Zheng Erpinzhu General, Auxiliary General, Champion General; From the second rank of the leading generals, the general of the escort army, the general of the Fu army; General Zhengsanpin Zhenjun, General Long Xiang, General Huwei; From the three products to protect the general, the rebel general, and the general to break the capture - more follow the old name, but because Pei should be the great Sima of Jin for a long time, he was not killed, and was renamed "Shangzhu State". Zu Ti is the Shangzhu country, and Tao Kan is the hussar general.

The knight is divided into eight ranks, only the same surname can be crowned king, and there are two ranks: prince and county king; Different surnames are princes, and there are four counties, counties, counties, and pavilions, etc., each with a food estate, and is subject to one-tenth of the tax paid by the county, county, and pavilion (prince food state). There are still two other scattered lords who have no food, and they are uncles and sons, and they are only paid. The king and the prince did not serve the country, did not open the door, did not pay attention to the people, and did not lead the army.

- But theoretically, even if Pei Wei and Pei Xue have the same surname, they are separated by blood after all, and they are out of five suits, so no one can be crowned king for the time being. Pei Wei and Pei Cui were both named county and county dukes - Pei Wei took his brother Pei Kai as his heir, and Pei Cui took his eldest son Pei Xu as his heir, so the two were not sealed. The five people with the surnames are Wei Zu Qi, Xun Song, Tao Kan, Xun Group, and Wang Zhuo are county dukes, Hua Heng, Bian Yan, and Xi Jian are county dukes, and Yu are marquis, uncles, and sons.

Don't seal Sima Rui as the Duke of Wu County, Liu Kun as the Duke of Zhuo County, Zhang Yu as the Duke of Fulu (Jiuquan County), Zhou Wan as the Duke of Nanzheng, and Wang Dun as the Duke of Peng Ze.

As for the service system, Pei Gai ignored the opposition of the ministers, greatly deleted the complexity and simplified, and only used one set of sacrificial clothes at four o'clock, nine chapters and twelve of the Son of Heaven, seven chapters and nine chapters of the kings, five chapters and seven of the princes, and three chapters and five of the uncles, all of which are unregulated.

The court clothes are the crowns of the mountains and the pigs, and the ministers are also used to enter the virtuous crowns and wear brocade robes. The Son of Heaven crowns five beams; The crown of the prince is four beams, wearing jade cicadas, surrounded by jade belts, purple ribbons and gold medals, or jade seals are allowed; Three or more Wenchen crowns three beams, Peijin cicada, gold belt around the decoration, purple ribbon gold medal; Five or more Wenchen crowns two beams, wearing silver cicadas, decorated with silver belts, red ribbons and silver medals; Seven or more Wenchen crowns a single beam, does not wear cicadas, encloses a plain leather belt, and a bronze medal with ink ribbons; Seven products below the Dai Jie, no ribbon, iron medal.

The military attache is based on the product, and the belt, ribbon, and chapter are the same as those of the Wenchen, but they wear leather ben or flat upper curtains, and wear hakama pleats - derived from the Hu costume, which is also used for easy riding and shooting - and the ben and helmet are not decorated with cicadas, but the rank is marked with other ornaments: marshal, Yuan Rong Ben is decorated with two crossed gold Yue; Rank Ben ornament one to four gold stars; School-level Ben ornaments from one to four silver stars; The lieutenant wears a flat upper curtain and is decorated with one to four copper buckles; The sergeant class is also flat and unadorned, except for the armbands with one to four horizontal lanes to mark the top and bottom.

Pei Gai himself, except for the great court or the day of the sacrifice, often does not wear a virtuous crown, does not wear a robe or brocade robe, but wears a black gauze hat with hanging feet, hakama pleats, and boots to see people. In the eyes of the ministers, the world has not yet been decided, so they wear military uniforms to show that they have not forgotten the martial arts; In fact, Pei Gai himself just thinks that it is so simple to dress and easy to move, if there is another traverser, at first glance, he may be regarded as a Tang and Song scholar......

As for the upward and downward effects, the gradual popularity of such simple and convenient clothing is a later story.

(The end of Volume 12 "Husband Strikes Hu in the North")