Public bonds, loans, pledges?

If these words are separated, Feng Sixian understands them, but when they are combined, Feng Sixian is completely confused.

He knew that Liu Chang had borrowed a large amount of grain from some large households with public bonds during the summer harvest, not to mention other places, 40,000 stone of grain in Huangyan County alone had been requisitioned by the Hongjun through public bonds, and this public debt had also become a big problem in Huangyan County.

If it is exchanged for silver, this is a white bar of 40,000 or 50,000 taels of silver, most of which are for five years, but also have a three-year, seven-year, or even ten-year period, which can be said to be a considerable blow to these large households, and the 40,000 stone of grain has been exchanged for an anonymous public debt.

The only advantage is that if they owe other people's debts, Hongjun allows them to repay them with public debts, but even so, no one accepts such public debts, which are worth more than 10,000 yuan in name, but are actually worthless.

For this question, these big families have approached Feng Sixian several times to fight for benefits, and now Feng Sixian also replied to these big families with a surprised eye: "Can anyone tell me what is going on?" If it works, I'll rush back to Linhai right away! ”

And in Linhai City, this morning is particularly lively.

Large households, especially those who occupy more than a few hundred acres of land, are particularly concerned about the two official documents posted today.

The first official document was the announcement of the establishment of a new bank, which allowed the good people of the government to borrow money from the bank with the grain bonds as pledges.

This is remarkable, don't look at these big rich people, but there is not much liquidity in their hands at all, most of their funds are either stored, or taken out to buy land and land, and this year Liu Chang used public bonds to borrow can be said to have hurt their vitality.

Now the liquidity in their hands is already a little tight, and if they continue like this, I am afraid that they will have to use the silver money they have stored, and now this announcement can be said to be a timely rain.

And another official document also made many small and medium-sized families cheer, that is, the Hongjun suddenly decided to allow the wasteland of Taizhou Mansion to be upgraded.

"Shengke" is a proper noun in the Qing Dynasty, referring to the reclamation of wasteland to pay grain normally, in fact, there is no wasteland, but those fields that have been reclaimed for hundreds of years but are not in the government documents, in Taizhou Mansion, these fields are either in the mountains, or on the islands, coastal, are all areas that belong to the Qing Dynasty government government prohibited development.

Theoretically, the fields that have not been promoted do not need to pay grain, but in practice the property rights are not guaranteed, because there is no sign of the existence of such fields in the government documents, and the big families can encroach on such fields at any time.

What's even worse is that the fields that have not been promoted only theoretically do not need to pay food, but the county clerks and heroes regard these fields as their own financial resources, and some times they pay even more money than the fields that have been promoted.

However, the land policy of the Qing government was relatively rigid, strictly controlling the development of islands and mountainous areas to prevent the gathering of displaced people from causing chaos, and most of the time they did not take the initiative to upgrade the department, and only when the financial situation was extremely difficult, they used the promotion to increase one-time income, and the local government did not have the enthusiasm to promote the department.

In this case, those wasteland landowners who have been cultivated for hundreds of years have finally found a way to upgrade their original unstable fields with stable fields, even if there is a huge risk in this kind of promotion, if the red thieves fail, their investment in promotion will be completely in vain. …,

However, Hongjun's promotion was very formal, and the price was much lower than under the control of the Qing government, and the more important means of payment were very flexible, and the official documents were clearly written, and they could be paid with silver, money, public bonds, and even grain.

Many of the small Tian Dong who had a little grain debt in their hands went to ask the Kochi Prefecture, and the Kochifu replied that everyone was even more happy, that is, the price on the official document could be discounted again, if it was paid with public bonds, it would be ten percent, if it was paid with money, it would be eight percent off, and if it was paid with silver, it would be seven percent off.

As soon as this sentence came out, the entire Linhai City was shaken, and everyone didn't expect that this public debt could really be used as silver, and the government would admit it.

Everyone is more concerned about another issue, that is, whether the public debt can be pledged to get the loan.

Zhang Weichao is a young man from a money shop in Shanxi, he never thought that he could be promoted to the position of the big shopkeeper so quickly.

In fact, this was just a beautiful mistake, he never thought of doing things for the red thief, and when the red thief hit Huangyan County, he rolled up his bed and prepared to follow the shopkeeper away.

But not long after leaving the city, he was met by a group of routed Tuan Yong, they killed the shopkeeper, and all the money he carried with him went to Tuan Yong, and Zhang Weichao also became their prisoner, and soon after, he was rescued by the dragon lance battalion in the hands of these routed Yong.

This small money shop in Huangyan County was only opened last year, and it is a branch of a Shanxi money bank, and the big boss does not want to make a lot of money in a small place like Huangyan, but just wants to get an exchange outlet, and Zhang Weichao is a small person who can have nothing.

But after he reported his identity, Liu Chang personally approached him and asked if he was willing to be the shopkeeper of an official ticket number!

Willing, that is naturally extremely willing, Zhang Weichao agreed to Liu Chang's solicitation as soon as possible, although he never knew that there was such a thing as an official ticket number, but he knew the prestige of the big shopkeeper.

Soon, he found that the so-called "bank" thing was beyond his imagination, and the advantage of the government's ticket number was indeed a hundred times better than that of the merchants, not to mention the absolute monopoly in it.

He completely became a thief, and willingly did things for this group of red thieves who belonged to the demons and monsters in the eyes of the big bosses in Shanxi, and soon, Liu Chang specially instructed Zhang Weichao before the western expedition.

If the Western Expedition did not go well, then Zhang Weichao should issue as many public bonds as possible to support the Western Expedition, but if the Western Expedition failed, then he could release some of the excess money to recover part of the public debt.

Today, the Taizhou branch of the bank was opened, and he soon welcomed countless gentry, who scrambled to inquire about the details.

Zhang Weichao told him with the demeanor of a big shopkeeper: "As long as you take the public debt as collateral, this person is worthy, you can borrow money from our bank, and then return it to our bank after the autumn harvest!" ”

Banks, these gentlemen think this new term is very good, and they pay more attention to the details: "How much can I borrow?" ”

"Look at how much public debt pledge you can come up with, ranging from two to three percent to five!"

They can only get a loan of 20% to 30% of the face value, which makes the gentlemen a little disappointed, but it is not bad, and they are more concerned about the next question: "Is it okay to get as many public debts as you want?" ”

"There is a quota!" Zhang Weichao told them very mysteriously: "All counties in Taijun County have quotas, and our Linhai is the first county, and the quota is definitely not small!" ”

Isn't the amount really small? In fact, it is definitely not much, Linhai County has borrowed 27,000 stone of grain, but this first batch of quota is only 2,500 hangs, even if Liu Chang considers adding another amount according to the situation, the money lent to these gentlemen will not exceed 4,000 hangs. …,

This is tantamount to borrowing ten taels of silver from large households with public bonds, and then lending one tael of silver to the gentlemen, but this result makes the gentlemen overjoyed: "Good! Good! Good! How much is the interest and how to go through the procedures? ”

This loan is different from private loans, the interest rate is particularly low, from now to the autumn harvest only four percent interest, which is compared with rural usury, it is simply the same as picking up for nothing, such interest makes the gentlemen overjoyed.

And the procedures are a little more trivial, just take out the public debt is not enough, but also get the township to go through a process, the township is stamped to confirm, before the umbrella can get the money, but the gentlemen who are extremely thirsty for funds are ready to run to the countryside at once.

They have already heard that this time there is a quota, as long as they can borrow money, even if it is resold to others, they will have at least double the profit.

They didn't know that the reason why Liu Chang asked them to go to the township to go through the process was to establish the authority of the township officials, and then they had more things to rely on the township officials.

And things are similar to what they imagined, this public debt, which was not worth a penny, is now indeed pledged by many people to the bank, borrowing dozens to hundreds of silver coins, and some people simply use public bonds to upgrade the department, but the Kochifu also admitted it and asked them to take it to the bank to solve the money.

Thus this kind of public debt has established its own value at once, and the original public debt was intended to be thrown out to the married daughter, and now the parents keep it for their son as a daughter-in-law, and there are also private buying and selling public debts, at least a hundred taels of public debt can be exchanged for thirty or forty taels of silver in private people, and some people even offer it to fifty taels of silver.

And over there, Feng Sixian, after learning the details, has already fought for the interests of Huangtai and Huangtai counties on the side of Gaoliangcai: "Our Huangtai and Huangtai counties use public bonds to borrow the most grain, how can the amount be so small, there are 2,700 hangs in Linhai, and our two counties in Huangtai add up to only 6,000 hangs, let's add more?" ”

The Kochi Mansion over there told him: "The whole Taizhou Prefecture is only 15,000 hangings, and if you take more, the amount of the second release will be less!" ”

"But I heard that only the four counties of Linhuang and Taining really have a quota, and the other three counties are not ready to open branches for the time being."

Although Liu Chang plans to open the bank's outlets in every county seat under his control, in the short term, Yu and Huan counties on the sea, as well as Xianju and Tiantai counties in the mountainous areas, will not be opened, after all, the bank's manpower is limited and its business volume is relatively limited.

Therefore, Feng Sixian said straightforwardly: "Move their quota and give priority to taking care of our Huangtai County, after all, our county has borrowed so much grain!" ”

just heard Feng Sixian say this, but Xi Na said over there: "Old Feng, you are confused!" ”

Zhen asked for a 12,000-word reminder ticket, and even tried to see if it could break out. ）