The ocean-going shipbuilding of the Northern Song Dynasty began to take off at this time, and there were many new things, some of which were simply breakthrough and radical changes for the ships of the Northern Song Dynasty.

The shipbuilding industry of the Northern Song Dynasty has developed to a certain peak, and they have a relatively strong knowledge and acceptance ability in this aspect of ships, which causes even if they are not top shipwrights, as long as they accept Zhao Xin's profits, and after practice, they quickly accept it, and on this basis, carry out original design.

Zhao Xin is not an expert in shipbuilding, his guidance to the navy is only in the basic aspects, for example, the unique bottom suitable for the ocean, for example, the sails, and for example, all kinds of high-rise decks and the like, in addition to these, the others are not what he is good at, he is at most, a foundation and setting, and other things, or leave it to professionals to do.

The Spanish galleon and the galen are just representatives of the most mature Western sailing boats, and from the perspective of the 21st century, he is not the most perfect kind, and it is not impossible to add some Chinese elements.

The pinnacle of the sail battleship, as long as it has a bottom that is suitable for ocean navigation, has a boat that can withstand greater wind power, and can mix sails under different wind environments, it is fine, and the rest is just some small use adjustments, which are harmless.

More and more novel things appeared, so that these shipwrights, mastered a lot of new knowledge, and a lot of new ideas, can make more and different ships that can go to the sea.

From the very beginning, the shipyard pointed out the direction and made the direction of integration, and the only way to build a ship was to rely on the design of these shipwrights.

In the later stage, under the premise that each sub-project has been completed, Zhao Xin will not only leave simple integration opinions, but also coordinate various resources, so that they can use them more smoothly, rather than wasting them in vain.

In fact, this is only on the surface, in private, these shipwrights do not know, Zhao Xin is doing more below.

Perhaps, before World War II, under the premise that the importance of materials is not high, and the design has not reached the limit, different designs and originality will bring considerable improvement, and at this time, the measure of national strength is the output of steel.

However, after World War II, especially in the era of advanced materials and microelectronics, all aspects were gradually refined, and materials became the most important aspect.

Zhao Xin is even more so, perhaps, it is still too early to consider the material, after all, the current level of science and technology, not to mention compared with the 21st century, even in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the cutting-edge level of the whole world, there is a huge difference, this time, research materials, is really more than worth the loss.

But here in Zhao Xin, there is just one variable, the card system, in other aspects, may not be too important, but in terms of materials, it has a very unique role, and the study of the card system will not have a huge consumption, but will produce a very good effect.

In terms of other science and technology, there is a huge difference from the world peak level of the 18th and 19th centuries, but it has the technology that surpasses the steel mills of the 19th century, which is a special case, and even if it develops in the future, it may not be impossible to surpass the 21st century.

Materials, has never been limited by science and technology, sometimes, even if science and technology develop to a certain extent, as long as you are not lucky to find the formula, then, can not be made, maybe a certain epoch-making material, just a simple mixture of several materials, but because of a certain kind of luck and can not be manufactured, may take hundreds of years, or even millennia, may not be able to develop.

At the time of manufacturing, it was natural that Zhao Xin also added different materials, more than 20 different docks, and even all the ships after that, their keel materials looked the same, but in fact, there were subtle differences.

This difference, of course, is not visible to the naked eye, it is all steel, both are hard, but they have different characteristics.

For people of this era, the same steel is the same, and for people from later generations, steel is divided into different types.

Perfect, maybe it may appear, not at this stage, steel, if you focus on a certain aspect, in another aspect, there will definitely be loopholes, how to grasp the big and let go of the small, the core area to show, play a comprehensive advantage, and then put down the worse place, this is the research of later generations of engineers.

Zhao Xin's card system is a gold finger, with the help of the card system, coordination and manufacturing of different materials, through a little bit of deployment, rather than overall manufacturing, which can save a lot of costs, the same, such a card system, is a natural measuring device.

This card system not only shows the appropriate items according to different items, but also scans the items that come into contact, showing all the properties of the items.

This detection and replication can help the card system to manifest items, and in the same way, the subtle changes in the keel that can be tested, these subtle changes, when combined, become the judgment data.

A keel that looks exactly the same, in fact, has many differences, in the non-stop sailing, and even in use, how much wear and tear will occur, these in the card system scanning, undoubtedly, simple data, may not be able to help analysis, but when this data, summed up together, under the premise of a glance.

After the ship was launched, a high-intensity test began, and the strength of this test was very high, so there was a relatively big change, this change, maybe a year, or even 10 years, will affect the material itself, so that the ship has hidden dangers, but what Zhao Xin asked for is just a trend.

Among all the materials owned by the Dinghai Navy, we find the most suitable and durable materials.

Regarding this, Zhao Xin never intended to tell these shipwrights, anyway, in the boatwright's thoughts, these keels, they are made of fine iron, they don't know, simply in the Dinghai, various types of steel, at least hundreds of kinds, and in Zhao Xin's hands, there will be more.

How big a ship is, what are the requirements for strength, what are the requirements for the performance of steel, and what are the requirements for the performance of other aspects, Zhao Xin does not understand the basic theory, but can judge from the actual situation, although the experimental materials are not very many, but among more than 20 materials, an overall performance has been found, far more than a few.

The keel can be said to be the most fundamental thing of the whole ship, a good keel, can make a ship, can be used for a longer time, can have greater strength, will not disintegrate in the storm.

This is just the keel, in fact, the whole ship is also involved in other parts, and new materials can improve a lot of efficiency for the manufacture of ships.

Take the deck as an example, if you use traditional boards, in order to save costs, it is impossible to use very wide boards, and you will use relatively moderate fast-growing forests, the strength of this material can not be compared with some perennial hardwoods, but on the deck, it is enough.

Fast-growing forests, and the pursuit of cost, how much its width, the whole deck, how much wood needs to be combined together, through gluing, or various connections, which requires a lot of man-hours.

If you use high-pressure MDF, not only the strength is sufficient, but also the construction is simple, a two- or three-inch wide plank, up to two or three meters long, to integrate them together, the effort required, and one-time molding, or large decks spliced out of the plank, which saves time, at a glance.

However, before the advent of the steam engine, high-pressure plates could not appear, because this kind of high-pressure density board needs to be formed at one time under high pressure, through physical and heating methods, and the first thing needed is pressure.

If the pressure is not enough, the material cannot be molded at one time, so the strength of the material is not guaranteed, let alone used on the ship.

Stamping, which seems simple, even a simple basic theory, has been obtained when playing with mud in childhood, but the level of technology required by stamping is relatively high.

Compared with ordinary forging, stamping has countless advantages, such as low cost, fast speed and good quality.

For example, in the face of the current forging, plate armor is impossible, no matter how strong the skilled craftsman, it is impossible to create such equipment in a short period of time, exquisite creation, homogeneous plate armor, the reason why it is strong, is in the face of pressure, one-time molding, their protective ability is relatively average, the surface is also smooth, for some forces, there is a strong rebound effect.

This thing that cannot be forged, in front of stamping, as long as the rhythm of stamping is fixed, it can be stamped and formed at one time, and all parts are very good in terms of strength and speed.

That is to say, in the face of stamping, most of it is the cost of raw materials themselves, as for the labor cost, it is reduced to the minimum, the speed is very fast, and under stamping, hundreds of sets a day, or even thousands of sets of equipment, are not impossible to appear.

The high-density boards related to shipbuilding are also bonded together by stamping, and this kind of board may have such and such problems, but compared with natural wood, it is cheap.

Just like a large wardrobe, if you don't use a combination of plates, if you are pure and broken, I'm afraid it's royal, and you can't make a few large wardrobes.

How many trees are hugged by one meter in the entire Northern Song Dynasty, and the imperial palace of the Northern Song Dynasty can be said to be the most dilapidated among the entire feudal dynasty, the reason is that after the Northern Song Dynasty entered the golden age, financial problems are an important issue and have always plagued the entire Northern Song Dynasty.

Later, it seemed that how big a palace could be, even some people in later generations, who visited the three major halls of the Forbidden City, did not feel anything, but in fact, in ancient times, in the case of all wood, the cost was extremely high.

All the pillars are not cement, they are all wood, and there are so many trees in the whole country.

Different from the short-term pouring of cement, big trees need decades, or even hundreds of years of growth, to be able to grow to such a thickness.

Even to build a palace, there are very few trees to be one meter square, let alone furniture, high-pressure plates, you can make furniture very large, do it quickly, the original, long-term carving, into a combination, strengthen the efficiency, more beautiful.

When the shipbuilding has high-pressure plates, many materials on the ship can be replaced by high-pressure plates, which can save a lot of materials and time costs.

No matter how much you save, these are all plates, and you need a certain number of years, but stamping plates, as long as they are corner materials, or even chips, can be used.

These debris can be the waste material of wood processing, or it can be some corners, in the ordinary board processing, the unusable corner materials, after processing into sawdust, and then through high pressure to form a high-pressure plate, which greatly reduces the cost.

Stamping is something that must be done in the future, not to mention anything else, simply using stamping to liberate the card system from the heavy minting work, which is almost an inevitable experience.

It's just that the higher the strength of the plate, the higher the requirements for stamping, high-pressure density board, he designed stamping is not high, to the plate armor, it will rise by one, or even several grades, if to some heavy mechanical materials, or even bearings, they need a greater amount of stamping force.

In the early days of reform and opening up, the root cause of China's large-scale materials is that for some bulk equipment, there is not enough pressure treatment to reduce the stress in the materials, and it is impossible to manufacture qualified materials.

The problem of core in China's materials has not been solved on a large scale until the 21st century, and the reason is very simple, the gradual launch of large-scale projects, more than 80,000 tons of large hydraulic presses, and a large number of 10,000 tons, or even tens of thousands of tons of various presses.

In the face of such a strong gravity, the properties of many materials will be reborn, and it will really change the shortage of Chinese materials, and a large number of technologies will begin to blow out.

Even in the 11th century, in the future, as long as there is ability, high-pressure materials and stamping technology are almost inevitable to be studied, but the power required for such a pressure machine is extremely huge.

Generally speaking, the pressure under heat treatment needs to reach 3.5MPa, simply speaking, there is a pressure of 36 kg per cubic centimeter, and this pressure, for the larger the surface, the greater the pressure.

Take an ordinary plate of about 2 square sizes, and to achieve this pressure standard, the gravity required is about 7.2 tons.

The strength of 1,000 catties is a very difficult force to achieve, 7.2 tons is close to 15,000 catties, which is an impossible task.

Because of science and technology, some new materials have not been developed for the time being, but there is one material that must be studied and changed, and that is sails.