In June of the fourth year of Jianxing, the Bumengqiang tribe in Fengyi County launched a rebellion.

Bumengqiang mainly lived at the junction of the two counties of Haoyang and Dali, that is, the boundary area between the northern highlands and the southern plains of Fengyi County. Tao Kan was awarded the title of "Front Governor", and after taking charge of Feng Yi and the military of the North, he was afraid that these Qiang people were hiding in the remote wilderness and were inconvenient to manage, so he planned to move them to the south of Dali and merge with another Lifei Qiang.

——The so-called "Lifeiqiang" is said to be the descendants of the ancient Great Lirong.

Bumengqiang was unwilling to migrate, so he set off a rebellion, but Tao Shixing led his troops to easily pacify, slaughtered most of them, and sent the relics to the south and sent them to the Lifei Qiang people as slaves.

Immediately, Tao Kan wrote a letter to Chang'an, and Pei should specially summon Pei Wei and You Yao to come to discuss measures to stabilize the foreign tribes in Yongzhou. As soon as he opened his mouth, he said: "All the generals advised me to slaughter all the Di and Qiang, so as not to be coerced by Hu Kou......

You Yao was taken aback when he heard this, and waved his hand again and again: "Never!" ”

Pei Wei glanced at You Yao, and said in his heart that the words of the covenant have not been finished yet, why are you in such a hurry? You Ziyuan also reacted, his actions just now were too rude, and hurriedly avoided the table to apologize to Pei Gai, and then said: "Of course, Di and Qiang are easy to be coerced by Hu Kou, and they are also chaotic. However, in the territory of Yongzhou today, the various tribes, Qiang, and even other miscellaneous tribes, that is, no less than 350,000 people, Qin, Liang, Liang three prefectures, and even the ancient Shang County, are more than ten times more than that, how can they be easily slaughtered? Once one of them is slaughtered, the rest will be shocked, and I am afraid that it will rise all the time, if Ming Gong is tied up by his generation, Liu Cang and Liu Yao will definitely take advantage of the weakness to enter - I hope that Ming Gong will think twice. ”

Pei Gai smiled and waved his hand: "What Ziyuan said is, I know it." And I meant to slaughter endlessly—to kill civilians, how is this evil deed different from Hu Kou and thieves? And if they are bullying, they are driving fish for the abyss, forcing them to follow the nonsense, and they are killed. But ......" he stroked his growing beard, frowned and asked: "When I first performed the customs, I really didn't know the situation of Di and Qiang, Ziyuan might explain a thing or two for me?" ”

You Yao arched his hand and said: "The last official has shallow knowledge, only living in Guanzhong for a long time, and knows a little bit about the situation of Yu Di and Qiang, and can prepare for the details of the Ming Gong - Di and Qiang, that is, the so-called Xirong in ancient times, lived in the remote places of Qin, Liang, Liang and Yi Prefectures, and lived together with the Chinese people...... "On this began to talk eloquently, first of all, "Di".

According to the Book of Han, the Di people originally lived in Wudu, Hechi, Pingle, Jialing and other places in Wudu County, which roughly corresponded to the upper reaches of Fushui and Western Han Shui. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty first opened up the southwest territory, and in the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Wudu County was placed, and the Di people were under his jurisdiction. In the third year of Yuan Feng, the Di people rebelled against the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Wu sent troops to defeat them and moved part of them north to Jiuquan County - the Di people entered Liangzhou.

Caught at the end of the Han Dynasty, King Agui and tens of millions of people welcomed Ma Chao and rebelled against Cao Cao, and were defeated by Xiahou Yuan, and tens of millions moved into Hanzhong and even Shu with Ma Chao, and surrendered to Liu Bei. After Liu Bei invaded Hanzhong, Wei Wudu guarded Yang Fu and forcibly moved more than 10,000 households such as Han, Di and Wei into Jingzhao, Tianshui, Nan'an and other places. After that, Wei and Shu competed for Longshang, and each of them took the Di people from the border area back to the depths, and the various departments were scattered throughout the west, north to Jiuquan, south to Shu County, and east to Jingzhao.

According to You Yao's knowledge, there are five main forces of the Di people today: one is Bayi, which was moved into Hanzhong and Bajun by Shu Han, and the Li Teh brothers and sons led a rebellion, and finally there was Bashu and established the Cheng Han regime; The second is the indigenous people in Wudu County, headed by Qiu Chi, and combined with the various departments of Xia Debate and Hechi, and its chief Yang Feilong called himself the auxiliary general, Zuo Xian Wang, and Qiu Chi Gong.

Yang Feilong originally lived in Luoyang County, and when Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty was appointed as a fake (acting) general of Zhengxi, he gathered his troops with this number, and returned 4,000 families to Wudu County, where his ancestors lived, and established a country in the Qiuchi area......

Pei Gai nodded while listening, this Yang Feilong he naturally knew, he was the founding monarch of the so-called "former Qiu Chi Kingdom". During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Qiuchi and its surrounding areas successively established five separatist regimes, namely the former Qiuchi, the Later Qiuchi, Wudu, Wuxing and Yinping, and were finally destroyed by Yang Jian, a powerful minister of the Northern Zhou Dynasty - it can be said that it spanned almost the entire historical period.

The third major force of the Di people mentioned by You Yao is in the vicinity of Longcheng in Luoyang County, which is estimated to be the one that Yang Feilong failed to take away back then, and it is said that it has a good relationship with Chen An. When Chen An first occupied Longcheng, there were less than 1,000 people under his command, and if there were no foreign clans to rely on, it is estimated that Zhang Chun and others would have sent troops without authorization from Sima Bao to completely exterminate him.

The fourth great force is in Fufeng country, north of Jingshui, its chief Qi Wannian once set off a rebellion, and also attacked and killed the Jin Jianwei general Zhou in front of the battle, and was destroyed by the Su Wei forbidden army led by Meng Guan, the general of the left crossbow. However, although Qi Wannian was defeated, his clan is still there, and it is said that the current leader is also surnamed Qi - whether he is related to Qi Wannian is not clear.

The fifth big force is in the jurisdiction of the ancient Han Shang County, and now tens of thousands of households in Di and Qiang are all controlled by the power of the Void Elimination Department - although Liu Yao has escaped into the Shang County, there is no news that he has clashed with the Void and used the knife soldiers, it is estimated that he has found a small corner, and he has to lick and suck his wounds for a while.

In addition, there are also Di people in Liangzhou, which are too far away, and it is not clear if the wanderer is far away.

Next, let's talk about "Qiang", the history of the Qiang people is older than the Di people, which can be said to have originated from the beginning of the founding of the Chinese nation. The original meaning of the word "Qiang" is shepherd, which shows that it originally belonged to a nomadic people. According to the research of later generations, Zhou and Qiang are likely to have the same origin and different currents, and the ancestor of Zhou, Houji, was born to Jiang Yan of the Tai family, and the original meaning of the word "Jiang" is the shepherdess, and it is likely that the Tai family is a part of the Qiang people. As for the famous Taigong Wang Jiang Ziya, he may also be a Qiang person, or he was sealed in Qiang by the Zhou people.

Of course, for the research results of these later generations, You Ziyuan is far from clear, he is based on the popular saying at the time, Yunqiang people are actually the descendants of the three Miao, Jiang surname other species, originally lived in Nanyue, and Shun put the four murderers, but moved to the west. In the pre-Qin era, the Western Rong tribes, such as the dog Rong, Yiqu, Dali Rong, Lu Hun Rong, etc., according to You Yao's guess, should also be the Qiang race or the young people associated with the Qiang people, many of which gradually integrated into the Chinese nation. The remaining Qiang people mainly lived in the Hehe and Huang regions, and were divided into three in the Han Dynasty, namely the "yak breed" in Yueshan County, the "white horse breed" in Guanghan County, and the "wolf breed" in Wudu County.

In the later period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Western Qiang was in chaos, and the chaotic and strife situation continued until the Three Kingdoms, as mentioned earlier, Wei and Shu both engaged in immigration on the border, not only the Di people, but also the Qiang people, who were also divided, migrated, and scattered in the counties - the details of the experience, it is needless to say.

Now that you know the Qiang Department, there are only Feng Yi's Bumeng and Dali in Yongzhou - but it is estimated that the name of Bumeng Qiang has since disappeared. In Qinzhou, the larger Qiang tribes include Chiting Qiang in Nan'an County, Mozheqiang and Wuyi Qiang in Longxi County - in fact, the three are not far apart, and they all live in the upper valley of Weishui. In addition, in the western part of Longxi County, the ancient city of Caohan that was divided by Song Jian in the late Han Dynasty is said to have Qiang activities, because it is too far away, and You Yao does not know the inside story.

There is Michangqiang in the west of Wudu County, taking advantage of the terrain to divide his own territory, but-You Yao said that there was a slight hint of weirdness on his face: "It is rumored that the Jin and Qiang live together, and their chieftain surname is Liang, who is originally from Jin, and is another branch of the Wu clan...... "Maybe he is also related to Liang Fen!"

Further south, there are Qiu Qiang and Deng Zhiqiang in Yinping County. All of the above-mentioned departments have more than 10,000 households, and the hundreds or thousands of Qiang families scattered in various counties do not need to be introduced one by one, and they will certainly not be troubled.

In the end, You Ziyuan concluded: "There are three differences between Xirong and Beihu. One is the difference in language: Di and Qiang speak in much the same way as us, and they have lived together for a long time, and most of them can speak Chinese dialect......"

Pei Gai nodded slightly, and said in his heart I understand what you mean, it is true that there are studies in later generations, and the languages used by the Di, Qiang and Han ethnic groups all belong to the Sino-Tibetan language family.

“…… The second is that the habits are different: the Hu people are mostly nomadic, driving cattle and sheep and chasing water and grass; Di and Qiang settled more, knew how to cultivate and weave, and cultivated land in the river valley, that is, their contribution to the imperial court, and they were mostly based on crops......" After a pause, You Yao added: "The farmer of Di is nine to one compared to the herdsman; Qiang is relatively backward, and its farmers are three to one compared to herdsmen. As far as the last officials know, the daily life of the Di species in the territory is almost the same as that of the Jin people; Qin, Yong, Liang three states of Qiang, roughly the same - as for Liangzhou and the old Han Shang County in Di, Qiang, do not dare to speak falsely. ”

Pei should encourage him with his eyes, and You Yao continued: "Third, his heart is different. Although the Xiqiang at the end of the Han Dynasty was the trouble of the west, and when it was caught in our dynasty, it was only the rebellion of the Qi Wannian family, and as for the Di species, I still respected my Jin Zhengshuo...... "Of course, this is in terms of Di and Qiang within the jurisdiction of Yong, Qin, and Liang; Therefore, the Di and Qiang of Shangjun belong to the Jin and Han dynasties every two; The people of Liangzhou have already claimed to be the country......

“…… In the past, the entry of the Southern Xiongnu of the former Han Dynasty, and the Wei Wu were divided into five parts, scattered between the divisions and the division, in order to avoid foreign troubles. Di and Qiang are different, and their entry into China is also mostly Wei and Shu, each of which migrates to enrich the ...... of the hinterland."

After the turmoil at the end of the Han Dynasty, in Guanzhong and Hanzhong, the population was scattered with casualties, and there was no one who could not have enough food, and there was no shortage of people who could not have enough soldiers, so how could they still confront each other? Therefore, there are Yang Fu, Guo Huai, etc. in the north, and Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei in the south, all of whom have taken the buffer zone and Qiang into their own country in three days. This also shows that most of the Qiang and Qiang can reclaim wasteland, carry out agricultural production, and smoothly integrate into China's feudal economic system.

You Yao even added: "In addition to a few large parts of Di and Qiang, most of the scattered people have been organized, and they are waiting for the Jin people. "Many of them are directly on the government's household register, so what's the difference between them and the Jin people?

"Is it because he is unwilling to slaughter Di and Qiang in vain, but for Tu Di and Qiang and slaughter the Chinese, how much is the difference?"

Pei Gai deliberately asked a rhetorical question: "The so-called 'non-my race, their hearts will be different', even if they speak Chinese, can't Liu Yao and others?" Even if they are able to farm, as far as I know, there are many Hu people in Binh Duong who are engaged in farming. At this time, although the name is attached to the Jin, in fact, it is just subordinate to the ministers and heroes, and it is not ordered by the imperial court. ”

You Yao retorted: "There are all the people of the deer, Jin Rong, and the rebellions are endless, so the court is weak. If it weren't for the chaos in Guanzhong, the exiles fled south, and Zhao Diao, Luo Shang and others were not able to suppress it, would Li Teyan be able to succeed in Shuzhong? If the first part of Di and Qiang can organize households and people for the imperial court, then in time, as the Ming Gong said, in addition to his wealthy chieftain and scattered his troops, most of them can naturalize China, which is easier than Hu Qian. And now Hu and Qiang are my great enemies, if I am strong to Ling Di and Qiang, I am afraid that they will be in harmony with Hu and Qiang, then there will be no peace in Kansai. How can it be temporarily restrained, and wait for the world to decide, and then slowly and slowly. ”

Pei Gai and Pei Wei glanced at each other, and each smiled on their chins. Pei Gai therefore asked: "I want to make Ziyuan take the title, suppress Di and Qiang, so that it will not cause trouble, and help the court, can Ziyuan dare to do it?" You Yao immediately surrendered his hand and asked for his life: "Yao will live up to the trust of Ming Gong!" Pei Cai said okay, thought about it for a while, and said: "There are still a few people in Di and Qiang, and Ziyuan is looking for me to ......."

Who does Pei should want to let the wanderer look for? Of course, they are all fierce people who have left their names in the history books: one is Pu Hong - that is, Fu Hong, the former Qin Taizu; One is Yao Yizhong, the father of Yao Chang, the founder of the Later Qin Dynasty; One is Lu Polou, whose son Lu Guang founded the Houliang Kingdom.

You Yao groaned slightly, and then said, "I have never heard of such a person, but ...... The chief of Luoyang has Fu Hong, and he has not the Pu Hong that Ming Gong wants? ”

Pei Gai nodded: "I think so." According to historical records, Pu Hong responded to the prophecy and said that "Cao Fu Ying Wang", and his grandson Yonggu (Fu Jian) also had the word "Cao Fu" on his back, so he changed his surname to "Fu". Because it is clearly recorded in the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" that there are chieftains Fu Shuang and Fu Jian (the same name as the former Qin Jingming Emperor), it can be seen that this surname has long existed, and it is indeed possible for Fu Hong to change his surname, but if he directly follows someone else's surname, it is basically a fantasy.

Pei Gai explained to You Yao: "I have heard rumors that these three people are all healthy people in Di and Qiang, or they can be used by me; Even if it cannot be used, it should be monitored, so that it will not be a disaster—the son is far away and comes for me. ”

You bowed down and received the order. Pei Gai then asked: "In the two prefectures of Yong and Qin, there are a lot of miscellaneous Hu, not Zhidi and Qiang, does Ziyuan still know?" ”

You Yao said that I know something - "There is Lu Shuihu in Anding County, also known as Peng Lu, who was allied with Jia Yan to break Liu Yao and restore Chang'an, and then suspected that his chief Peng Dangzhong and Hu Yougou killed him, and Dangzhong's son Fu Hu Nai attacked and killed Jia Gong, and was appointed by Liu Cong as the pseudo-Liangzhou assassin history. Penglu has a complex category, with its own clan and Hu, Qian, Yuezhi, Di, Qiang, and even many Jin people.

"From Longxi to the south of Liangzhou, there is Xianbei here, its chieftain is called Tuyuhun, is the eldest brother of Murong Diao in Liaodong, divided into 1,700 families and migrated eastward, the way and Di, Qiang, its momentum is getting bigger, and it must not be guarded against......"